Characterization of resveratrol content in ten wild species of section Arachis, genus Arachis     

Renata Miranda Lopes  Dâmaris Silveira  Marcos Aparecido Gimenes  Paula Andreia S. Vasconcelos  Rosa de Belem N. Alves  Joseane Padilha Silva  Tânia da Silveira Agostini-Costa 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2013,60(8):2219-2226

Peanut is one of the few plants that synthesizes resveratrol, a phenolic compound of the stilbene class, which has been associated with reduced risk of developing chronic diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, skin diseases, pulmonary diseases, diabetes and neurological diseases. Resveratrol was detected in different parts of the peanut plant, including roots, leaves, seeds and their derivatives. The wild species of the Arachis section are also strong candidates to synthesize resveratrol because they are phylogenetically closely related to cultivated peanut. Our objective was to characterize the resveratrol content in ten wild species of Arachis with three different genomes (A, B and K). The plant material was composed of leaves of the ten species treated (test) and not treated (control) with ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The test and control samples were extracted and the identification and quantification of resveratrol was performed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). All species studied synthesized resveratrol and the concentrations ranged from 299.5 μg/g in A. kempff-mercadoi to 819.9 μg/g in A. cardenasii. DPPH antioxidant activity varied between 18.7 % for A. duranensis and 48.2 % in A. simpsonii. The results showed that wild Arachis species are a potential source of alleles for improvement of cultivated peanut, with the aim of achieving higher resveratrol content in leaves.  相似文献   

In vitro Maturation of Oocytes from Santa Ines Ewes Subjected to Consecutive Sessions of Follicular Aspiration by Laparoscopy     

LC Padilha  PPM Teixeira  EA Pires‐Buttler  M Apparício  TF Motheo  PAP Savi  EYO Nakaghi  AE Alves  WRR Vicente 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(2):243-248

The success of embryo production in vitro depends upon the use of an efficient oocyte retrieval technique, and the best results have been obtained by laparoscopic aspiration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of consecutive sessions of follicular aspiration on the quantity, quality and in vitro maturation competence of oocytes obtained from ewes subjected to hormonal stimulation. Six Santa Ines ewes underwent nine sessions of follicular aspiration by laparoscopy with a 7‐day interval between sessions, totalling 56 aspirations. After 24 h of culture, oocytes were stained and classified according to the stage of nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation. Oocyte retrieval rate was 61.4 ± 2%, resulting in a total of 249 oocytes. No significant variation was observed between sessions (p > 0.05). The average number of oocytes retrieved from each ewe was 6.4 ± 2 per session and 42 ± 4 in total. No significant difference was observed between the frequencies of the different stages of nuclear maturation: 32.72% mature, 40.74% immature and 26.54% degenerated/indeterminate oocytes; however, a significant difference was observed between the frequencies of the different stages of cytoplasmic maturation: 10.7% mature, 73.25% immature and 16.05% degenerated/indeterminate oocytes. No significant difference was observed in nuclear or cytoplasmic maturation between the weeks of procedure. We conclude that after nine consecutive sessions of follicular aspiration, the quantity and quality of retrieved oocytes remained unchanged as well as the levels of nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation obtained, demonstrating the viability of this technique for repetitive follicular aspirations on the same donor.  相似文献   

The Fraser River plume: some preliminary observations on the distribution of juvenile salmon, herring, and their prey     

MICHAEL A. ST. JOHN  J. STEVENSON MACDONALD  PAUL J. HARRISON  RICHARD J. BEAMISH  EDWARD CHOROMANSKI 《Fisheries Oceanography》1992,1(2):153-162

Zooplankton and fish densities in the southern Strait of Georgia were observed to coincide with variations in surface salinities resulting from the outflow of the Fraser River. Vertical net hauls in the euphotic zone revealed that copepods, amphipods, and euphausiids were significantly more abundant per m³ in the brackish estuarine plume (surface salinities - 10–15 ppt) when compared to the area covered by the freshwater of the Fraser River plume (0–10 ppt) and the region of the Strait of Georgia (25–30 ppt) unaffected by the outflow of the Fraser River.
The estuarine and riverine plumes had significantly higher fish densities (adult and juvenile herring, and juvenile salmonids [excluding chinook]) than the Strait of Georgia region, with no significant differences in densities of juvenile chinook salmon observed between regions. The highest catches of juvenile salmonids were at the boundary between the estuarine plume and the Strait of Georgia. Zooplankton found in the stomach contents of both adult and juvenile herring suggested that the herring were filter-feeding on the zooplankton in the estuarine plume. Juvenile salmonids fed primarily on small unidentifiable juvenile fish. The existence of increased densities of prey items in the estuarine plume is proposed to be the primary mechanism resulting in increased residence time in this region by outmigrating juvenile salmonids. Utilization of aggregated zooplankton could lead to increased salmonid growth rates and therefore to enhanced survival of individuals utilizing the Fraser River plume environment.  相似文献   

Survival of salmon lice, Lepeophtheirus salmonis Krøyer, on Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus (L.), in fresh water     

B Finstad  P A Bjørn  ST Nilsen 《Aquaculture Research》1995,26(10):791-795

The survival of salmon lice. Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Krøyer) on Arctic charr. Salvelinus alpinus (L.). in fresh water was studied. The results showed that salmon lice were able to survive for up to 3 weeks, in contrast with previous published information that the parasite is quickly shed when the fish enters fresh water.  相似文献   

Metabolic studies with chloropropylate acaricide in the dairy cow     

L E ST John  D J Lisk 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》1973,21(4):644-646

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ISOLATION OF A BOVINE STRAIN OF MYXOVIRUS PARA-INFLUENZA TYPE 3 IN AUSTRALIA     

T. D. ST. GEORGE B.V.Sc.  E. L. FRENCH MSc.  Ph.D. 《Australian veterinary journal》1966,42(11):438-439

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Intracranial nerve root tumors; report of a neoplasm (neurofibroma) of the trigeminal nerve in a dog     

ST CLAIR LE  SAFANIE AH 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1957,131(4):188-191

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Lumbar epidural anesthesia in cattle     

HARDENBROOK HJ  ST CLAIR LE 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1956,129(9):405-409

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DNA damage after acute and chronic treatment with malathion in rats     

Réus GZ  Valvassori SS  Nuernberg H  Comim CM  Stringari RB  Padilha PT  Leffa DD  Tavares P  Dagostim G  Paula MM  Andrade VM  Quevedo J 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(16):7560-7565

Malathion is an insecticide widely used in agriculture and in public health programs that when used indiscriminately in large amounts can cause environmental pollution and risk to human health. However, it is possible that during the metabolism of malathion, reactive oxygen species can be generated, and malathion may produce oxidative stress in intoxicated rats that can be responsible for alterations in DNA molecules related in some studies. As a result, the present study aimed to investigate the DNA damage of cerebral tissue and peripheral blood in rats after acute and chronic malathion exposure. We used single cell gel electrophoresis (Comet assay) to measure early damage in hippocampus and peripheral blood and the Micronucleus test in total erythrocytes samples. Malathion was administered intraperitoneally once a day for one day (acute) or for 28 days (chronic) protocols (in both protocols, malathion was administered at 25, 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg). Our results showed that malathion (100 and 150 mg/kg) increased the DNA damage index in the peripheral blood and in the hippocampus after both chronic and acute treatment. Malathion increased the frequency of micronuclei only in chronic treatment at 150 mg/kg dose, and induced a cytotoxic dose-dependent decrease in the frequency of polychromatic erythrocytes in the peripheral blood of rats. In conclusion, since malathion increased both the peripheral blood and hippocampus DNA damage index using the Comet assay and increased the frequency of micronuclei in the total peripheral blood, it can be regarded as a potential mutagen/carcinogenic agent.  相似文献   

Preliminary trials of the BioBaler working in Brazilian eucalypt plantations     

Saulo PS Guerra  Guilherme Oguri  Marcelo S Denadai  Maura ST Esperancini 《Southern Forests》2018,80(2):131-135

The increasing demand for renewable energy feedstock has raised interest in growing eucalypts for fuel wood production, which is achieved by establishing very dense plantations cut every 18–24 months. The high moisture content of fresh Eucalyptus may handicap cut-and-chip operations, and offers a unique opportunity for supply chains based on baling. Therefore, the Canadian-made BioBaler was tested in Brazil on a eucalypt energy plantation, as well as on the resprouts generated by a conventional pulpwood plantation after severe frost damage. The BioBaler coped well with both crops, achieving high productivity levels: 7.1 and 3.3 t h^?1 in the energy plantation and the failed crop treatments, respectively. Harvesting cost was estimated at €13 t^?1 and €26 t^?1 for the energy plantation and the failed crop, respectively. Productivity and harvesting cost were comparable with those reported in previous studies conducted in other countries on similar crops. Productivity was directly proportional to field stocking. Future studies should test the machine on a wider range of work conditions and include bale extraction, storage, processing and transportation, in order to estimate an overall supply chain cost and allow direct comparison with alternative options.  相似文献