Effects of age and frequency of cutting on productivity of Mediterranean deciduous fodder tree and shrub plantations   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Vasilios P. Papanastasis  Panagiotis D. Platis  Olympia Dini-Papanastasi 《Forest Ecology and Management》1998,110(1-3):283-292

Deciduous fodder trees and shrubs are important feed resources for the critical summer period in semi-arid and sub-humid Mediterranean environments. Eleven such species were established in central Macedonia, Greece as 1-year old seedlings in 1987 and studied through 1994. Height and biomass were statistically different among species and tended to increase with the age of plants. Common Robinia pseudoacacia was the tallest and the most productive species, reaching more than 3 m height and 4 kg DM/plant 8 years since planting; it was followed by Ostrya carpinifolia, the variety monophylla of Robinia, Colutea arborescens and Amorpha fruticosa. Grazeable proportion of total biomass was about 50% and decreased as the age of plants increased. Repeated annual cutting resulted in significant reduction of both height and total biomass by 51% and 88%, respectively as compared with uncut plants at the end of the eighth year while frequent cutting tended to increase the grazeable proportion of biomass after the fourth year. To attain an optimum combination of quantity and quality of biomass in deciduous fodder tree and shrub plantations cutting or grazing should not start earlier than the third year since establishment.  相似文献   

Exploitation of the chloroplast trnL (UAA) intron polymorphisms for the authentication of plant oils by means of a lab-on-a-chip capillary electrophoresis system     

Spaniolas S  Bazakos C  Awad M  Kalaitzis P 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(16):6886-6891

Methods to discriminate plant oils facilitate the detection of either deliberate or accidental adulteration. To this direction, the variability in length among plant species of the chloroplast trnL intron was exploited for the authentication of edible and cosmetic plant oils, with an extra emphasis on olive oil. The methodology was based on the combinatorial use of a PCR assay with a capillary electrophoresis system such as the lab-on-a-chip technology. Application of the assay on DNA extracted from different oil producing plant species, including olive oil and sesame oil, indicated the ability of the trnL intron to be used as an analytical target. Furthermore, this assay could be used for the detection of adulteration of olive oil with various other plant oils, with the exception of avocado and sesame oil.  相似文献   

Lures for red palm weevil trapping systems: aggregation pheromone and synthetic kairomone          下载免费PDF全文

Sandra Vacas  Ourania Melita  Antonios Michaelakis  Panagiotis Milonas  Roxana Minuz  Paola Riolo  Mohamed Kamal Abbass  Paolo Lo Bue  Stefano Colazza  Ezio Peri  Victoria Soroker  Yaara Livne  Jaime Primo  Vicente Navarro‐Llopis 《Pest management science》2017,73(1):223-231

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Evolution of imidacloprid resistance in Myzus persicae in Greece and susceptibility data for spirotetramat          下载免费PDF全文

Costas Ch Voudouris  Martin S Williamson  Panagiotis J Skouras  Amalia N Kati  Anastasia J Sahinoglou  John T Margaritopoulos 《Pest management science》2017,73(9):1804-1812

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Canine and feline pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity     

Xenoulis PG  Steiner JM 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2012,41(3):312-324

The diagnosis of pancreatitis in dogs and cats can be challenging. Several diagnostic tests have been evaluated over the years, but the majority have been shown to be of limited utility owing to poor performance or limited availability or because invasive procedures are required. Assays for the measurement of pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (cPLI for dogs and fPLI for cats) were first developed over a decade ago and now include Spec cPL and SNAP cPL for dogs and Spec fPL and SNAP fPL for cats. Owing to their high sensitivity and specificity for pancreatitis compared with those of other serum tests, concentrations of cPLI and fPLI have been demonstrated to be the serum tests of choice for evaluation of dogs and cats, respectively, suspected of having pancreatitis. False-positive and false-negative results can occur, and recognition of the limitations of pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity assays is important. As there is currently no gold standard for antemortem diagnosis of pancreatitis in dogs and cats, the combination of a complete history and physical examination, measurement of pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity, and ultrasonographic examination of the pancreas is the best approach for an accurate noninvasive diagnosis of pancreatitis.  相似文献   

Seasonal change in the number of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in water samples from the rivers in Hokkaido,Japan, detected by the ferric sulfate flocculation method     

Tsushima Y  Karanis P  Kamada T  Makala L  Xuan X  Tohya Y  Akashi H  Nagasawa H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(1):121-123

An epidemiological study was carried out in natural water supplies of Hokkaido, one of the largest dairy prefectures in Japan. To investigate the prevalence of Cryptosporidium parvum (C. parvum) oocysts water samples were collected from three rivers in the eastern area of Hokkaido from August 1999 to October 2001, and C. parvum oocysts were collected and purified by the ferric sulfate flocculation method. The oocysts were detected using the immunofluorescent assay test (IFAT) and 4', 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining. The seasonal change in the number of oocysts detected was observed. Oocysts increased in numbers from the late summer to the early autumn (from August to November), thereafter, they exhibited a trend to decrease until December, when no oocysts could be detected. The maximum number of oocysts detected in the three rivers was 3.50, 5.00 and 3.33 oocysts/l, respectively. The oocyst density in river water changed in relation to the season in 1999, 2000 and 2001. This report first cleared up the seasonal changes in C. parvum oocysts number in river water.  相似文献   

Viability and infectivity of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts detected in river water in Hokkaido,Japan     

Tsushima Y  Karanis P  Kamada T  Xuan X  Makala LH  Tohya Y  Akashi H  Nagasawa H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(5):585-589

The viability and infectivity of Cryptosporidium parvum (C. parvum) oocysts, detected in water samples collected from river water in Hokkaido, were investigated using Severe Combined Immunodeficient (SCID) mice. The water samples collected from September 27 through October 10, 2001 by filtration using Cuno cartridge filters were purified and concentrated by the discontinuous centrifugal flotation method. From 1.2 x 10 (5) liters of the raw river water, approximately 2 x 10(4) oocysts were obtained and designated as Hokkaido river water 1 isolate (HRW-1). Oocyst identification was carried out using microscopic and immunological methods. Six 8-week-old female SCID mice were each inoculated orally with 1 x 10 (3) oocysts. Infection was successfully induced, resulting in fecal oocyst shedding. Oocysts were then maintained by sub-inoculation into SCID mice every 3 months. Infectivity was evaluated by making comparisons with two known C. parvum stocks, HNJ-1 and TK-1, which were bovine genotypes detected in fecal samples from a cryptosporidiosis patient and young cattle raised in Tokachi, Hokkaido respectively. The oocyst genotypes were determined from a small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU-rRNA) gene by polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. No significant differences were observed in the average number of oocysts per gram of feces (OPG) in any of the isolates. Our data indicates that the C. parvum oocysts detected in the sampled river water were of C. parvum genotype 2. Moreover, our data on the continued isolation, detection and identification of the C. parvum isolates is consistent with the available epidemiological data for the Tokachi area.  相似文献   

A study on ghrelin and LH secretion after short fasting and on ghrelin levels at perioestrual period in dairy cattle     

Thomas Markos Chouzouris  Eleni Dovolou  Constantinos A. Rekkas  Panagiotis Georgoulias  Lambrini V. Athanasiou  Georgios S. Amiridis 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2019,54(1):91-99

In two experiments, we studied (a) the changes of LH secretion in heifers under different feeding schedules and (b) total ghrelin concentration at oestrus in cows and heifers. In experiment one, synchronized heifers were allocated in three groups (R, regularly fed controls; F, fasted; and F‐F fasted‐fed). One day after the completion of the oestrous induction protocol, group F and F‐F animals stayed without feed for 24 hr; thereafter, feed was provided to R and F‐F cattle; 2 hr later, GnRH was administered to all animals. Blood samples were collected for ghrelin, progesterone, LH and cortisol concentrations. Fasting caused increased ghrelin concentrations in groups F and F‐F, while in response to GnRH, LH surge was significantly attenuated in groups F and F‐F compared to R. In experiment 2, lactating cows and heifers were used. On day 9 of a synchronized cycle, PGF2α was administered, and blood samples were collected twice daily until the third day after oestrus and analysed for progesterone, estradiol, ghrelin, glucose and BHBA concentrations. No difference was recorded between groups in steroids and BHBA concentrations. In comparison to mid‐luteal values, ghrelin concentrations significantly increased at perioestrual period in cows, but not in heifers. This study provides evidence that starving‐induced elevated ghrelin concentrations can have suppressing effect on LH secretion, even after ghrelin's restoration to basal values and that during oestrus, ghrelin secretion is differently regulated in cows and heifers, likely being independent from oestradiol concentrations. Further research is required to identify the determining factors that drive the different regulation of ghrelin secretion in cows and heifers.  相似文献   

ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN DUAL‐PHASE COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY FEATURES AND HISTOPATHOLOGIC DIAGNOSES IN 52 DOGS WITH HEPATIC OR SPLENIC MASSES          下载免费PDF全文

Ian D. Jones  Christopher R. Lamb  Randi Drees  Simon L. Priestnall  Panagiotis Mantis 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2016,57(2):144-153

Ability to noninvasively differentiate malignant from nonmalignant abdominal masses would aid clinical decision making. The aim of this retrospective, cross‐sectional study was to identify features in dual‐phase computed tomographic (CT) studies that could be used to distinguish malignant from nonmalignant hepatic and splenic masses in dogs. Medical records were searched for dogs that had an abdominal dual‐phase CT examination, a hepatic or splenic mass, and subsequent histopathologic diagnosis. Computed tomographic images for all included dogs were acquired prior to and <30 s (early phase) and >60 s (delayed phase) after intravenous contrast administration. Fifty‐two dogs with 55 masses were studied: 24 hepatic, including 14 (58%) malignant and 10 (42%) non‐malignant; 31 splenic, including 18 (58%) malignant and 13 (42%) nonmalignant. There was substantial overlap in the pre‐ and postcontrast CT features of malignant and nonmalignant hepatic and splenic masses. Regardless of histologic diagnosis, hepatic masses most frequently showed marked, generalized enhancement in early phase images that persisted in the delayed phase. Splenic hemangiosarcoma and nodular hyperplastic lesions most frequently showed marked, generalized enhancement in early phase images that persisted in delayed images whereas most splenic hematomas had slight enhancement in early phase images. All splenic hematomas and 77% of the hemangiosarcomas had contrast accumulation compatible with active hemorrhage. There were no other significant differences in quantitative or categorical CT data between malignant and nonmalignant hepatic or splenic masses. Dual‐phase CT of dogs with hepatic or splenic masses provides limited specific diagnostic information.  相似文献   

Serum liver enzyme activities in healthy Miniature Schnauzers with and without hypertriglyceridemia     

Xenoulis PG  Suchodolski JS  Levinski MD  Steiner JM 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2008,232(1):63-67

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether hypertriglyceridemia in healthy Miniature Schnauzers is associated with high serum liver enzyme activities. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. ANIMALS: 65 Miniature Schnauzers with serum triglyceride concentrations within the reference range (group 1), 20 Miniature Schnauzers with slightly high serum triglyceride concentrations (group 2), and 20 Miniature Schnauzers with moderately to severely high serum triglyceride concentrations (group 3). PROCEDURES: Questionnaires regarding each dog's medical history were completed, and serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and G-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activities were measured. RESULTS: Median serum ALP activity was significantly higher in group 3 than in group 1 or 2 dogs, but was not significantly higher in group 2 than in group 1 dogs. Median serum ALT activity was significantly higher in group 3 than in group 1 dogs, but was not significantly different between any of the other groups. Compared with group 1 dogs, group 2 and 3 dogs were significantly more likely to have high serum ALP activity (odds ratio, 26.2 and 192.6, respectively). Group 3 dogs also were significantly more likely to have high serum ALT activity (odds ratio, 8.0), serum AST activity (odds ratio, 3.7), and serum GGT activity (odds ratio, 11.3), compared with group 1 dogs. Group 3 dogs were significantly more likely (odds ratio, 31.0) to have > or = 2 high serum liver enzyme activities than were group 1 dogs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggested that moderate to severe hypertriglyceridemia was associated with high serum liver enzyme activities in Miniature Schnauzers.  相似文献