Potential external contamination of pneumatic seed drills during sowing of dressed maize seeds          下载免费PDF全文

Marco Manzone  Paolo Balsari  Paolo Marucco  Mario Tamagnone 《Pest management science》2016,72(7):1302-1308

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A need for disclosure of the identity of microorganisms,constituents, and application methods when reporting tests with microbe-based or pesticide-based products     

Yoav Bashan  Joseph W. Kloepper  Luz E. de-Bashan  Paolo Nannipieri 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2016,52(3):283-284

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Survey on whiteflies and their parasitoids in cassava mosaic pandemic areas of Tanzania using morphological and molecular techniques          下载免费PDF全文

Devid Guastella  Hermence Lulah  Lensa S Tajebe  Vincenzo Cavalieri  Gregory A Evans  Paolo A Pedata  Carmelo Rapisarda  James P Legg 《Pest management science》2015,71(3):383-394

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Infection, immunity and the neuroendocrine response     

Paolo Borghetti  Roberta Saleri  Eugenio Mocchegiani  Attilio Corradi  Paolo Martelli 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2009,130(3-4):141-162

The Central Nervous (CNS) and Immune Systems (IS) are the two major adaptive systems which respond rapidly to numerous challenges that are able to compromise health. The defensive response strictly linking innate to acquired immunity, works continuously to limit pathogen invasion and damage. The efficiency of the innate response is crucial for survival and for an optimum priming of acquired immunity. During infection, the immune response is modulated by an integrated neuro-immune network which potentiates innate immunity, controls potential harmful effects and also addresses metabolic and nutritional modifications supporting immune function. In the last decade much knowledge has been gained on the molecular signals that orchestrate this integrated adaptive response, with focus on the systemic mediators which have a crucial role in driving and controlling an efficient protective response. These mediators are also able to signal alterations and control pathway dysfunctions which may be involved in the persistence and/or overexpression of inflammation that may lead to tissue damage and to a negative metabolic impact, causing retarded growth.This review aims to describe some important signalling pathways which drive bidirectional communication between the Immune and Nervous Systems during infection. Particular emphasis is placed on pro-inflammatory cytokines, immunomodulator hormones such as Glucocorticoids (GCs), Growth hormone (GH), Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1), and Leptin, as well as nutritional factors such as Zinc (Zn).Finally, the review includes up-to-date information on this neuroimmune cross-talk in domestic animals. Data in domestic animal species are still limited, but there are several exciting areas of research, like the potential interaction pathways between mediators (i.e. cytokine-HPA regulation, IL-6-GCS-Zn, cytokines-GH/IGF-1, IL-6-GH-Leptin and thymus activity) that are or could be promising topics of future research in veterinary medicine.  相似文献   

Flavonoid-induced autophagy in hormone sensitive breast cancer cells     

Elisa Brunelli  Giulia Pinton  Paolo Bellini  Alberto Minassi  Giovanni Appendino  Laura Moro   《Fitoterapia》2009,80(6):327-332

The activity of 8-prenylapigenin (8-PA) and its 3'-methoxylated analogue isocannflavin B (IsoB) was investigated in estrogen-dependent T47-D and estrogen-independent MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell lines. 8-PA showed a biphasic effect on T47-D cell proliferation, while no significant effect was observed on MDA-MB-231 cells. Conversely, IsoB exhibited only an inhibitory effect on T47-D cell proliferation, accompanied by the appearance of an intense intracytoplasmic vacuolization of autophagic origin. Moreover, biochemical analysis showed that IsoB reduced Akt phosphorylation and p21^Cip1 expression in T47-D cells. These data show that the prenylflavone moiety is a versatile platform for the induction and modulation of bioactivity.  相似文献   

The impact of sea erosion on coastal Pinus pinea stands: A diachronic analysis combining tree-rings and ecological markers     

Sabrina Raddi  Paolo Cherubini  Marco Lauteri  Federico Magnani 《Forest Ecology and Management》2009

Coastal erosion is a widespread phenomenon on sandy coasts throughout the Mediterranean region; along the Thyrrenian coast of Tuscany (Italy), stone pine (Pinus pinea L.) stands originally planted for the protection of agricultural crops further inland are often damaged. In the present study, a pairwise comparison of stands at different distance from the sea at eroded and control sites highlighted the effects of coastal erosion alone on pine growth and function. Dendroecological analyses made it possible to determine the temporal dynamics of the phenomenon since 1930 and the interactions with climate, whilst additional structural (LAI, sapwood area) and functional (carbon isotope discrimination) measurements were used to discriminate between stress mechanisms. Salty winds, exacerbated by the removal of dunal vegetation, were found to be the most likely cause of the observed growth decline. The presence and, in more recent times, the reduction of surfactants in sea water played an important synergistic effect. The intrusion of salty water in the water table, on the contrary, played a marginal role at the site. Finally, stressed trees were more sensitive to the inter-annual variability in precipitation; at all sites, growth was stimulated by June, November and December precipitation in the current and two preceding years.  相似文献   

Enteroendocrine profile of α-transducin immunoreactive cells in the gastrointestinal tract of the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)     

Rocco Latorre  Maurizio Mazzoni  Roberto De Giorgio  Claudia Vallorani  Alessio Bonaldo  Pier Paolo Gatta  Roberto Corinaldesi  Eugenio Ruggeri  Chiara Bernardini  Roberto Chiocchetti  Catia Sternini  Paolo Clavenzani 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2013,39(6):1555-1565

In vertebrates, chemosensitivity of nutrients occurs through the activation of taste receptors coupled with G-protein subunits, including α-transducin (G_αtran) and α-gustducin (G_αgust). This study was aimed at characterising the cells expressing G_αtran immunoreactivity throughout the mucosa of the sea bass gastrointestinal tract. G_αtran immunoreactive cells were mainly found in the stomach, and a lower number of immunopositive cells were detected in the intestine. Some G_αtran immunoreactive cells in the stomach contained G_αgust immunoreactivity. Gastric G_αtran immunoreactive cells co-expressed ghrelin, obestatin and 5-hydroxytryptamine immunoreactivity. In contrast, G_αtran immunopositive cells did not contain somatostatin, gastrin/cholecystokinin, glucagon-like peptide-1, substance P or calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactivity in any investigated segments of the sea bass gastrointestinal tract. Specificity of G_αtran and G_αgust antisera was determined by Western blot analysis, which identified two bands at the theoretical molecular weight of ~45 and ~40 kDa, respectively, in sea bass gut tissue as well as in positive tissue, and by immunoblocking with the respective peptide, which prevented immunostaining. The results of the present study provide a molecular and morphological basis for a role of taste-related molecules in chemosensing in the sea bass gastrointestinal tract.  相似文献   

Replicate and die for your own good: Endoreduplication and cell death in the cereal endosperm     

Paolo A. Sabelli 《Journal of Cereal Science》2012

Development of the cereal endosperm involves different stages that include cell proliferation, endoreduplication, the biosynthesis and accumulation of storage compounds, and programmed cell death (PCD). During endoreduplication, repeated genome duplications without mitosis or cytokinesis result in large polyploidy nuclei. Endoreduplication is affected by genetic, epigenetic, hormonal and environmental factors, as well as by several cell cycle-controlling genes. Although endoreduplication is strongly correlated with an increase in cell size, the accumulation of storage reserves, and high metabolic rates, its exact role(s) in endosperm development has not been demonstrated.  相似文献   

Bioactive compounds from Capparis spinosa subsp. rupestris     

Mariapia ArgentieriFrancesco Macchia  Paride PapadiaFrancesco Paolo Fanizzi  Pinarosa Avato 《Industrial Crops and Products》2012,36(1):65-69

Aim of this study was to determine the content of bioactive phytochemicals in Capparis spinosa subsp. rupestris (syn. C. orientalis), a less investigated species of caper and compare the chemical profile of this species with that of other studied Capparis sp. and especially with the related cultigen C. spinosa subsp. spinosa. Chemical composition of seed oil and glucosinolates, as well as of glucosinolates and flavonoids from the aerial parts of the plant have been determined and data reported here. Oil from the plant seeds is rich in unsaturated and rare lipids such as cis-vaccenic acid; the main glucosinolate is glucocapperin. The aerial parts are characterized by rutin as the dominant flavonoid. The overall phytochemical data obtained from the analysis of C. spinosa subsp. rupestris indicate that this species represents a very rich source of bioactive compounds of nutraceutical relevance although the compositional profile does not differentiate this subspecies from C. spinosa subsp. spinosa.  相似文献   

Comparison of Visible and Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy to Authenticate Fresh and Frozen-Thawed Swordfish (Xiphias gladius L)     

Luca Fasolato  Roberto Riovanto  Paolo Berzaghi  Massimo Mirisola  Jacopo Carlo Ferlito 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(5):493-507

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