Real-time RT-PCR quantification of mRNA encoding cytokines and chemokines in histologically normal canine nasal, bronchial and pulmonary tissue     

Peeters D  Peters IR  Farnir F  Clercx C  Day MJ 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2005,104(3-4):195-204

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Rhinitis/Bronchopneumonia syndrome in Irish Wolfhounds     

Clercx C  Reichler I  Peeters D  McEntee K  German A  Dubois J  Schynts E  Schaaf-Lafontaine N  Willems T  Jorissen M  Day MJ 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):843-849

This study describes the clinical, immunologic, genetic, and pathologic features of Irish Wolfhounds with rhinitis/bronchopneumonia syndrome. The dogs examined were from Belgium, The Netherlands, UK, Canada, Germany, and Switzerland. Signs included transient to persistent mucoid or mucopurulent rhinorrhea, cough, and respiratory dyspnea. Radiographic, rhinoscopic, and bronchoscopic findings were variable. Analysis of ciliary ultrastructure was performed in 5 affected dogs, but no characteristic primary ciliary defects (primary ciliary dyskinesia) were detected. Serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) concentrations of IgA, IgG, and IgM were determined in some affected dogs and clinically normal Irish Wolfhounds. Serum IgA concentration was below the reference range in 5 of 8 affected dogs tested, whereas BALF IgA concentration was above the normal range in 2 affected adult dogs. The CD4 to CD8 lymphocyte subset ratio (CD4:CD8) in peripheral blood was tested in 3 affected dogs and was within the normal range. BALF CD4:CD8 was tested in 1 affected dog and was higher than the normal range. Decreased neutrophil phagocytosis was observed in 1 of the 4 dogs tested. Analysis of pedigrees of the Belgian, Canadian, German, and Swiss dogs revealed common ancestry, suggesting a heritable syndrome.  相似文献   

Second Oestrus Synchronization and Precocious Embryo Viability after Puberty Induction in Gilts by the Use of Gonadotrophin Treatment     

V do Lago  WL Vianna  RD Gama  A de  Campos Rosseto  ME Pinese  A de  Sant''Anna Moretti 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2005,40(2):141-144

The use of exogenous gonadotrophins in puberty inducement and ovulation synchronization is a technique that has a positive influence on the management of swine. The purpose of this study was to verify the effects of a second gonadotrophin treatment [equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) and luteinizing hormone (LH), intramuscularly (i.m.)] upon the second oestrus synchronization and fertility in gilts. Seventy-one NAIMA (Pen Ar Lan) gilts had their first oestrus (puberty inducement) induced by a hormonal treatment (eCG and LH). Then, they were randomly distributed into two treatments, with (T1) and without (C) gonadotrophin treatment at the second oestrus. The animals were fed with a single ration (16% of crude protein and 3286.73 kcal ME/kg), and timed artificial insemination performed at the second oestrus. Gilts were slaughtered for embryo recovery and ovary examination about 5 days after insemination. There was no evidence of a difference in the percentage of the second oestrus expression (T1 - 90.90% and C - 86.84%), the duration of the oestrus cycle (T1 - 19.62 +/- 0.82 days and C - 19.67 +/- 4.14 days), the percentage of follicular cysts (T1 - 15.15% and C - 18.42%) and number of ovulations (T1 - 14.60 +/- 5.7 and C - 13.23 +/- 4.8) between treatments (p > 0.05). However, the hormonal treatment (T1) showed minor oestrus dispersion and embryo viability (T1 - 8.4 +/- 5.6 and C - 11.2 +/- 4.6) (p < 0.05). These results indicate that the better synchronization and expression of the second oestrus when using gonadotrophins (eCG and LH) is followed by a lower embryo viability, which is probably the consequence of the heterogeneous follicle recruitment during the injection of eCG.  相似文献   

Studies on mammary blood flow during experimentalE. Coli endotoxin mastitis     

C. Burvenich  G. Vandeputte-Van Messom  G. Peeters 《Veterinary research communications》1983,7(1):237-246

The effect of intramammary (i.mam.) infusion ofEscherichia coli lipopolysaccharides (LPS) upon mammary blood flow (MBF) was studied in lactating goats using the electromagnetic flow technique. After i.mam. LPS administration mastitis, accompanied by a significant increase in MBF, occurred. This phenomenon showed two conspicuous peaks which occurred 11/2h and 8–10h after LPS administration. Other symptoms were: fever, increased heart rate, swelling and pain of the gland, increased chloride (MCl^?) and total cell count (TC) in milk. Since there was a marked coincidence between the increment stage of fever and the break-down of MBF peak I, studies were performed to evaluate the possible role of fever in this typical biphasis MBF pattern.

1. Mastitis was induced in one gland (homolateral) and MBF was recorded in the other (heterolateral) gland. During homolateral mastitis, clinical aspects, MCl^? and TC in the heterolateral gland were normal. For MBF, however, 3 types of responses could be distinguished. In 66% of the experiments (expts) there was a delayed MBF peak which coincided with MBF peak II of the homolateral mastitis gland. Furthermore, in 10% of these cases, a 1st MBF peak occurred simultaneously with MBF peak I of the homolateral gland. After tying off the vasoanastomoses between both udder halves, only the heterolateral MBF peak II persisted. In 33% no heterolateral peaks were present and in most cases a MBF decrease was observed between the 3rd and the 6th hours.
2. Large doses of prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) were infused intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) in normal, conscious lactating goats. In 58% of expts fever started quickly after infusion accompanied by a decrease in MBF. However, as soon as fever was established, MBF returned to normal and even rose above pre-infusion values.
3. The i.c.v. PGE₂ infusion was preceded (30 min) by i.mam. injection of LPS. In most expts fever appeared earlier than during mastitis control expts. Although symptoms of mastitis were observed, MBF peak I was lacking.
4. The antipyretic effects of 3 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (N.S.A.I.D.) on the biphasic MBF pattern during LPS mastitis were tested: Suprofen, Indomethacine and Flurbiprofen abolished fever, muscular shivers, myosis and tachycardia but had only little effect on the MBF pattern during LPS mastitis. MBF peak II was partially suppressed by these drugs, but most significantly by Flurbiprofen, which also delayed the appearance of MBF peak I. The latter is probably the consequence of its anti-inflammatory properties. None of these drugs could prevent the breakdown of MBF peak I.

It might be concluded that local mechanisms underlie the genesis of MBF peak I, but that in MBF peak II both systemic (e.g. fever) and local mechanisms are involved. The increment stage of fever may be responsible only to some extent for the breakdown of MBF peak I. Other factors than fever per se must be involved.  相似文献   

Milk Progesterone Profile at and after Artificial Insemination in Repeat-Breeding Cows: Effects on Conception Rate and Embryonic Death     

ME Ghanem  T Nakao  K Nakatani  M Akita  T Suzuki 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2006,41(2):180-183

The aim of this study was to investigate whether the skim milk progesterone concentrations at artificial insemination (AI) and day of rise of post-ovulatory progesterone concentration thereafter affect the conception and embryonic death rates in repeat-breeding cows. Milk samples were obtained from 96 repeat-breeding cows that failed to conceive to three or more AIs. The samples were taken from the cows at the day of AI and three times/week until day 45 post-AI. Skim milk was obtained after centrifugation and used for progesterone assay. The cows with a progesterone concentration more than 0.5 ng/ml at AI showed a significantly higher incidence of late embryonic death than those having a progesterone concentration<0.5 ng/ml at AI (p<0.01). As the progesterone level at insemination rose, conception rate declined. A negative correlation was shown between conception rate and skim milk progesterone level at AI. Of 56 cows showing a rise of progesterone to 1 ng/ml or more within 6 days after AI, 28 cows (50%) conceived. On the contrary, only eight of 39 cows (20.5%) conceived when the progesterone rose up to 1 ng/ml after day 6 post-AI. We concluded that increased progesterone concentration at the time of AI and delayed rise of progesterone post-AI might lead to decrease in fertility in repeat-breeding cows.  相似文献   

Pathological Conditions of the Reproductive Organs of Male Stray Dogs in the Tropics: Prevalence, Risk Factors, Morphological Findings and Testosterone Concentrations     

A Ortega-Pacheco  JC Rodríguez-Buenfil  JC Segura-Correa  ME Bolio-Gonzalez  M Jiménez-Coello  C Linde Forsberg 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2006,41(5):429-437

The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of and risk factors for pathological conditions of the reproductive organs in stray dogs under tropical conditions. Three hundred and eighteen dogs were examined post-mortem in the period from 1 July 2002 to 30 June 2003. Before killing, a blood sample (from the cephalic vein) for testosterone assay was taken. Pathological conditions of the reproductive organs were found in 135 of the dogs (42.5%) and in 175 of the testes (64.8%). The most frequent pathologies found were testicular degeneration, cryptorchidism, testicular hypoplasia and testicular tumours (in 15.1%, 6.6%, 6.6% and 5.4% of the dogs and 15.1, 4.6, 6.0 and 3.5 of the testes, respectively). Transmissible venereal tumour (TVT) was seen in 5.4% of the dogs. Testicular degeneration was more common in old dogs and underweight dogs (p < 0.05). Testicular tumours were 14.3 times more common in cryptorchid dogs. Age was another important factor for the development of testicular tumours (p < 0.05). Lower levels of testosterone concentration (p < 0.05) were observed in dogs with advanced testicular degeneration (0.7 +/- 0.8 nM), dogs with hypoplastic testicles (0.8 +/- 0.9 nM) and dogs with one degenerated and one retained testis or with bilateral cryptorchidism (1.2 +/- 0.9 nM) compared to dogs with one or two normal testes (7.0 +/- 5.5 nM). Testicular volume and weight were significantly lower in degenerated, hypoplastic and retained testes compared with the contralateral normal testis. Some spermatogenic activity was found in three of the retained testes, producing oligozoospermic smears with a high percentage of sperm abnormalities. No comparable epidemiological data about male pathological conditions of the reproductive organs in the dog is available. The prevalence found in this study, yet, appears high.  相似文献   

聚丙烯酰胺防治坡地水土流失田间试验研究   总被引：14，自引：1，他引：13  

杜尧东  夏海江 《水土保持学报》2000,14(3):10-13

坡地篱用聚丙烯酰胺可以减少地表径流,提高土壤含水量,促进土壤沉降,增强土壤结构性和水稳性,因而提高了土壤的持水性和抗蚀性,减少了土壤侵蚀量和肥力流失量,有利于作物增产。施用聚丙烯酰胺可使产量增加１８．７％～３２．４％。施用聚丙烯酰胺对环境无不良影响,而且投入费用较低,是一条值得探索的防治坡地水土流失的新途径。  相似文献   

Standing Laparoscopic Peritoneal Flap Hernioplasty of the Vaginal Rings does not Modify the Sperm Production and Motility Characteristics in Intact Male Horses     

LA Gracia‐Calvo  LJ Ezquerra  M Martín‐Cuervo  ME Durán  H Tapio  JM Gallardo  FJ Peña  C Ortega‐Ferrusola 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(6):1043-1048

Laparoscopic hernioplasty techniques have been developed in the recent years to avoid the recurrence of inguinal hernias and to spare the testicles for breeding purposes in stallions. However, there have been no previous comprehensive and systematic studies of the reproductive outcomes and prognoses for stallions after inguinal hernioplasty. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the possible effects of one of these techniques (standing laparoscopic peritoneal flap hernioplasty) on the sperm production and motility characteristics of six healthy stallions that received this procedure based on 1‐year follow‐ups. There were no significant differences in the measured sperm variables (assessments based on the DSO, MOT, PMOT, VSL, VCL and VAP) during 1‐year follow‐ups.  相似文献   

On the Quantum Nature of the Shared Proton in Hydrogen Bonds     

ME Tuckerman  D Marx  ML Klein  M Parrinello 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1997,275(5301):817-820

The relative influence of thermal and quantum fluctuations on the proton transfer properties of the charged water complexes H5O2+ and H3O2- was investigated with the use of ab initio techniques. These small systems can be considered as prototypical representatives of strong and intermediate-strength hydrogen bonds. The shared proton in the strongly hydrogen bonded H5O2+ behaved in an essentially classical manner, whereas in the H3O2- low-barrier hydrogen bond, quantum zero-point motion played a crucial role even at room temperature. This behavior can be traced back to a small difference in the oxygen-oxygen separation and hence to the strength of the hydrogen bond.  相似文献   

利用Q/I测定评价一些耕作土壤的钾素状况     

邢世和  J.Dufey  王果  G.Pecters 《福建农林大学学报(自然科学版)》1991,(1)

供试土壤按粘土矿物组成分为4组.第1组(土壤7)和第2组(土壤1,2和6)以蛭石和伊利石矿物占优势,具有较高的阳离子代换量.该类土壤,尤其是第1组土壤,具有较高的缓冲钾位势变化的能力和有效钾库;但钾的有效性却较低.相反,以高岭石为主、阳离子代换量较低的第4组土壤(土壤3,8,9和10),其钾位缓冲力和有效钾库均较低;但钾的有效性却较高.而以伊利石为主、高岭石为次的第3组土壤(土壤4和5),其钾素状况则介于上述两者之间.  相似文献