Modification of sugar profiles in California adapted apricots (Prunus armeniaca L.) through breeding with Central Asian germplasm     

Craig Ledbetter  Sherry Peterson  Joel Jenner 《Euphytica》2006,148(3):251-259

Summary Central Asian apricot germplasm was used in hybridizations with California adapted apricots to increase Brix levels and improve fresh eating quality. Fruit from parental trees, the F₁ hybrid and two backcross families were evaluated for fruit quality traits and analyzed by HPLC for specific sugar content. The F₁ hybrid between Central Asian and California adapted apricots was intermediate to its parents in many of the evaluated characteristics and levels of specific sugars. When the F₁ hybrid was backcrossed to California adapted apricots ‘Lorna’ and ‘Robada,’ the resulting hybrids were diverse in Brix, juice acidity, fruit size and profiles of specific sugars. Glucose: fructose ratios higher that 3.3 were encountered in fruit from five of the 22 analyzed seedlings, and fructose: sorbitol ratio ranged from 0.67 to 6.46. Brix and total sugar content correlated significantly with each other and with both sucrose and glucose. No significant correlations existed between sorbitol and any of the other analyzed sugars, nor with Brix or total sugars. The results demonstrated the extent of sugar profile modification possible in California adapted apricots after just two generations of breeding with Central Asian apricot germplasm.  相似文献   

Silver and other metals in some aquatic bryophytes from streams in the lead mining district of Mid-Wales,Great Britain     

K. C. Jones  P. J. Peterson  B. E. Davies 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1985,24(3):329-338

A reconnaissance survey was made of trace metals in surface waters and three aquatic bryophytes (Scapania undulata,Hygrohypnum luridum andPolytrichum commune) in the mid-Wales Ag-Pb mining district. This area is contaminated by heavy metals from past mining. Elevated levels of Ag, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn were found in water and plant tissue. All the plants accumulated Ag and the other metals butScapania appears the most suitable as a plant monitor of Ag-polluted waters.  相似文献   

Obsidian hydration dating applied to basaltic volcanic activity     

Higgins MW  Waters AC  Friedman I  Peterson NV  Groh EA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1972,176(4040):1259-1260

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Soviet-u.s. Seismological data exchange     

Filson JR  Peterson J 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1989,246(4933):984

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Impaired immunoproteasome assembly and immune responses in PA28-/- mice     

Preckel T  Fung-Leung WP  Cai Z  Vitiello A  Salter-Cid L  Winqvist O  Wolfe TG  Von Herrath M  Angulo A  Ghazal P  Lee JD  Fourie AM  Wu Y  Pang J  Ngo K  Peterson PA  Früh K  Yang Y 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1999,286(5447):2162-2165

In vitro PA28 binds and activates proteasomes. It is shown here that mice with a disrupted PA28b gene lack PA28a and PA28b polypeptides, demonstrating that PA28 functions as a hetero-oligomer in vivo. Processing of antigenic epitopes derived from exogenous or endogenous antigens is altered in PA28-/- mice. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses are impaired, and assembly of immunoproteasomes is greatly inhibited in mice lacking PA28. These results show that PA28 is necessary for immunoproteasome assembly and is required for efficient antigen processing, thus demonstrating the importance of PA28-mediated proteasome function in immune responses.  相似文献   

VARIETIES OF TRITICUM VULGARE PRACTICALLY IMMUNE IN ALL STAGES OF GROWTH TO STEM RUST     

Peterson RF  Johnson T  Newton M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1940,91(2361):313-314

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Bistatic-radar detection of lunar scattering centers with lunar orbiter I     

Tyler GL  Eshleman VR  Fjeldbo G  Howard HT  Peterson AM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1967,157(3785):193-195

Continuous-wave signals transmitted from Lunar Orbiter I have been received on Earth after they have been reflected from the surface of the moon. The frequency spectrum of the reflected signals is used to locate discrete, heterogeneous, scattering centers on the lunar surface. The scattering centers are probably distinguished from the surrounding terrain by a higher surface reflectivity. Continuous-wave bistatic radar could provide an important new method for the study and mapping of planetary surfaces.  相似文献   

Nerve growth factor attenuates neurotoxic effects of taxol on spinal cord-ganglion explants from fetal mice   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

E R Peterson  S M Crain 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1982,217(4557):377-379

Most neurons in organotypic cultures of dorsal root ganglia from 13-day-old fetal mice require high concentrations of nerve growth factor for survival during the first week after explanation. These nerve growth factor-enhanced sensory neurons mature and innervate the dorsal regions of attached spinal cord tissue even after the removal of exogenous growth factor after 4 days. In cultures exposed for 4 days to nerve growth factor and taxol (a plant alkaloid that promotes the assembly of microtubules) and returned to medium without growth factor, greater than 95 percent of the ganglionic neurons degenerated and the spinal cord tissues were reduced almost to monolayers. In contrast, when the recovery medium was supplemented with nerve growth factor, the ganglionic neurons and dorsal (but not ventral) cord tissue survived remarkably well. Dorsal cord neurons do not normally require an input from dorsal root ganglia for long-term maintenance in vitro, but during and after taxol exposure they become dependent for survival and recovery on the presence of neurite projections from nerve growth-factor-enhanced dorsal root ganglia.  相似文献   

A helical polymer with a cooperative response to chiral information     

Green MM  Peterson NC  Sato T  Teramoto A  Cook R  Lifson S 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1995,268(5219):1860-1866

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Host-bacterial mutualism in the human intestine   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Bäckhed F  Ley RE  Sonnenburg JL  Peterson DA  Gordon JI 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,307(5717):1915-1920

The distal human intestine represents an anaerobic bioreactor programmed with an enormous population of bacteria, dominated by relatively few divisions that are highly diverse at the strain/subspecies level. This microbiota and its collective genomes (microbiome) provide us with genetic and metabolic attributes we have not been required to evolve on our own, including the ability to harvest otherwise inaccessible nutrients. New studies are revealing how the gut microbiota has coevolved with us and how it manipulates and complements our biology in ways that are mutually beneficial. We are also starting to understand how certain keystone members of the microbiota operate to maintain the stability and functional adaptability of this microbial organ.  相似文献