Inheritance of red foliage in flowering dogwood (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Cornus florida</Emphasis> L.)     

Phillip A. Wadl  Xinwang Wang  Vincent R. Pantalone  Robert N. Trigiano 《Euphytica》2010,176(1):99-104

Flowering dogwood (Cornus florida L.) is an ornamental tree valued for its showy white, pink, or red spring bract display and red fall color. A “pseudo” F₂ flowering dogwood population was recently developed from a honeybee mediated cross of ‘Cherokee Brave’ × ‘Appalachian Spring’. The foliage color of 94 “pseudo” F₂ plants segregated into green- and red- leaved phenotypes and was visually rated for color on five spring dates over 3 years (2007–2009). Chi-square analyses of observed segregation of phenotypes indicated that a complementary gene interaction form of epistasis controls foliage color with a 9:7 two gene ratio. We propose the symbols rl ₁ and rl ₂ for the genes controlling this trait.  相似文献   

用基因组原位杂交方法分析甘蔗-斑茅杂种及回交后代的染色体组成     

陈健文  李奇伟  陈勇生  符成  Phillip Jackson  邓海华 《分子植物育种》2010,8(2):293-296

斑茅(Erianthus arundinaceus Retz)是甘蔗的近缘属植物,具有多种优良特性,是甘蔗育种的重要种质资源之一。本实验使用基因组原位杂交(GISH)技术分析了甘蔗-斑茅杂种及回交后代F1、BC1和BC2的染色体构成与传递行为。结果表明:在F1代,来自斑茅HN92-77的染色体数目介于28～30条,来自热带种Badila的染色体数目介于38～40条,体细胞染色体数为2n=68～70,基本符合n+n的染色体传递方式;在BC1和BC2代,来自斑茅的染色体数分别为22～28条和13～15条,来自甘蔗的染色体数分别是87～94条和98～101条,其体细胞染色体数2n分别为110～121条和112～115条,基本上分别符合2n+n和n+n的染色体传递方式。在所观察的渐渗系中,均存在有染色体丢失的现象,但未观察到染色体发生交换与重组。  相似文献   

What's Your Diagnosis?     

Nathan Phillip Charlton  Mairin Smith  Christopher Peter Holstege 《The Forestry Chronicle》2010,21(2):164-165

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Gene and Protein Expression of Polysulfated Proteoglycan ECM Components in the Equine Digital Lamellae     

Le Wang  Erica Pawlak  Dominique Alfandari  Phillip J. Johnson  James K. Belknap  Samuel J. Black 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2010

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Eradicant action of fungicides applied to dormant peach trees for control of brown rot (Monilinia fructicola)     

F. KABLE Phillip 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(2):143-152

There is evidence to suggest that the eradication of Monilinia fructicola in infected peach peduncles in winter may reduce brown rot during the subsequent season. In a series of experiments, in which treatments were applied in the field and the results assessed in the laboratory, benomyl and arsenic or mercury compounds were more effective in suppressing sporulation from overwintering infections than any of the other materials tested. Benomyl effectively suppressed sporulation from infected peach peduncles and mummified peach fruits and was not phytotoxic. Sodium arsenite was an effective eradicant of M. fructicola in peach peduncles and mummified peach fruit at 0·1% and 0·3%, but it was phytotoxic to both peach and apricot trees at rates as low as 0·01% whether applied in mid-winter or at early bud-swell. Phenylmercury chloride (PMC), mercury acetimide at 0·06% Hg and phenylmercury dimethyldithiocarbamate at 0·015% Hg were effective eradicants. At lower rates the mercurials were unsatisfactory. No phytotoxicity was observed following dormant applications of the mercury compounds.

Lime-sulphur plus oil was the best of the remaining materials. DNOC performed about as well as lime-sulphur on peduncles but failed to suppress sporulation on mummified fruits and was occasionally phytotoxic.

Sodium pentachlorophenate was superior to pentachlorophenyl acetate at the same rate, and, in contrast with some overseas experience with peaches and apricots, was not phytotoxic in these tests.

Bordeaux mixture, fentin acetate, N.C.I584, captan, captafol and dichlone, although not phytotoxic, did not show significant eradicant or antisporulant action.

There was some evidence that PMC acted both as an eradicant and an antisporulant.  相似文献   

Cutting energy characteristics of Miscanthus x giganteus stems with varying oblique angle and cutting speed     

Phillip C. Johnson  Clairmont L. ClementsonSunil K. Mathanker  Tony E. GriftAlan C. Hansen 《Biosystems Engineering》2012,112(1):42-48

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Modified live Edwardsiella ictaluri vaccine, AQUAVAC-ESC, lacks multidrug resistance plasmids     

Lafrentz BR  Welch TJ  Shoemaker CA  Drennan JD  Klesius PH 《Journal of aquatic animal health》2011,23(4):195-199

Plasmid-mediated antibiotic resistance was first discovered in Edwardsiella ictaluri in the early 1990s, and in 2007 an E. ictaluri isolate harboring an IncA/C plasmid was recovered from a moribund channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus infected with the bacterium. Due to the identification of multidrug resistance plasmids in aquaculture and their potential clinical importance, we sought to determine whether the modified live E. ictaluri vaccine strain in AQUAVAC-ESC harbors such plasmids, so that the use of this vaccine will not directly contribute to the pool of bacteria carrying plasmid-borne resistance. Antimicrobial sensitivity testing of the E. ictaluri parent isolate and vaccine strain demonstrated that both were sensitive to 15 of the 16 antimicrobials tested. Total DNA from each isolate was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a set of 13 primer pairs specific for conserved regions of the IncA/C plasmid backbone, and no specific products were obtained. PCR-based replicon typing of the parent isolate and vaccine strain demonstrated the absence of the 18 commonly occurring plasmid incompatibility groups. These results demonstrate that the vaccine strain does not carry resistance to commonly used antimicrobials and provide strong support for the absence of IncA/C and other commonly occurring plasmid incompatibility groups. Therefore, its use should not directly contribute to the pool of bacteria carrying plasmid-borne resistance. This work highlights the importance of thoroughly investigating potential vaccine strains for the presence of plasmids or other transmissible elements that may encode resistance to antibiotics.  相似文献   

Biofortification of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit with the anticancer compound methylselenocysteine using a selenocysteine methyltransferase from a selenium hyperaccumulator     

Brummell DA  Watson LM  Pathirana R  Joyce NI  West PJ  Hunter DA  McKenzie MJ 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(20):10987-10994

Methylselenocysteine (MeSeCys) is an amino acid derivative that possesses potent anticancer activity in animals. Plants that can tolerate growth on soils with high Se content, known as Se hyperaccumulators, do so by converting inorganic Se to MeSeCys by the enzyme selenocysteine methyltransferase (SMT). A cDNA encoding the SMT from a Se hyperaccumulator was overexpressed in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Transgenic plants were provided with selenite or selenate to the roots during fruit development, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to show that MeSeCys accumulated in the fruit but not in the leaves. Depending on the transgenic line and Se treatment, up to 16% of the total Se in the fruit was present as MeSeCys. MeSeCys was produced more effectively from selenite on a percentage conversion basis, but greater accumulation of MeSeCys could be achieved from selenate due to its better translocation from the roots. MeSeCys was heat stable and survived processing of the fruit to tomato juice.  相似文献   

Specific serum antibody responses in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) provide limited protection against Streptococcus ictaluri challenge     

Pasnik DJ  Evans JJ  Klesius PH 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2011,144(1-2):144-146

Passive immunization studies were conducted to determine the role of specific antibodies in immunity to Streptococcus ictaluri. Adult channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) were injected i.p. with tryptic soy broth as control or with 1.5 × 10(7)colony-forming units (cfu) S. ictaluri/fish at 0, 30, and 60 d, and serum was collected 90 d after the original challenge. Fish were passively immunized by i.p. injection with serum from the tryptic soy broth (TSB) control group, anti-S. ictaluri serum from fish immunized three times and sampled at 90 d (SSI), or heat-inactivated anti-S. ictaluri serum from fish immunized three times and sampled at 90 d (HISSI). These passively immunized fish were then challenged 72 h later with 1.5 × 10(8)cfu S. ictaluri/fish. Over 21 d, the mean cumulative percent survival was 43.3 (TSB), 63.3 (SSI), and 50.0 (HISSI). A significant difference in cumulative percent survival was noted between the TSB and the HISSI groups, and significant differences were noted between these groups and the SSI group. Serum obtained from immunized fish 72 h after passive immunization exhibited increased anti-S. ictaluri antibody levels. Twenty-one days after the challenge, the HISSI and SSI group antibody levels significantly increased above their corresponding pre-challenge levels. No significant (r(2)=0.0806; P<0.5985) correlation between increased pre-challenge specific serum antibody levels and survival after challenge was demonstrated when analyzing the control and passive immunization groups. The results indicate that both specific anti-S. ictaluri antibodies and non-specific immune responses are important for protection against S. ictaluri.  相似文献   

Sub-cellular localisation of alkaline phosphatase activity in the cytoplasm of tammar wallaby (Macropus eugenii) neutrophils and eosinophils     

Hulme-Moir KL  Clark P 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2011,142(1-2):126-132

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) has been used in studies of neutrophil morphology and function as a marker for identifying different granule populations. In human neutrophils, ALP is found within secretory vesicles, a rapidly mobilisable vesicle population important for upregulating membrane receptors during early activation. Intra-cellular ALP activity in the heterophils of rabbits and guinea pigs, in contrast, is found only in secondary granules. The neutrophils and eosinophils of tammar wallabies (Macropus eugenii) have previously been reported to contain large amounts of ALP activity when stained using routine cytochemical techniques. To define the subcellular location of ALP in this species, cell suspensions were examined using cerium chloride cytochemistry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). ALP was found in 2 distinct cytoplasmic compartments. One compartment displayed morphology consistent with a subpopulation of secondary granules while a second tubulo-vesicular population appeared similar to the secretory vesicles of human neutrophils. Thin tubular vesicles containing ALP were also identified within the cytoplasm of tammar wallaby eosinophils. Large numbers of ALP-containing vesicles have not been recognised previously in eosinophils and this may represent a novel cytoplasmic compartment. In both cell types, ALP-containing structures showed alteration in morphology following stimulation with N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) and PMA.  相似文献