Seasonal pattern of bovine fasciolosis in the Kafue and Zambezi catchment areas of Zambia     

Phiri AM  Phiri IK  Siziya S  Sikasunge CS  Chembensofu M  Monrad J 《Veterinary parasitology》2005,134(1-2):87-92

In order to establish seasonality of bovine fasciolosis in the Southern province of Zambia, 288 cattle were examined at slaughter at Turnpike slaughter slab for 1 year. The examination involved liver inspection and coprological examination. Liver condemnation rates were relatively high at the beginning of both the cold dry season and the rainy season (May/June and December, respectively). All cattle, regardless of age, had higher fluke abundances in the post-rainy season (39.1% young and 42.1% adult) while the lowest rates were in the hot dry season (13.3% young and 14.3% adult). On coprological examination, the highest abundance was in the post-rainy season (45.0%) and the lowest in the cold dry season (24.9%). From November (end of dry season) to February/March (end of rains), more fluke eggs were found than in any other period. The distribution of fluke eggs was significantly different (p<0.001) among the four seasons. Identified associations were: egg counts were highest in post-rainy (mean abundance=146) and lowest in cold dry season (mean abundance=118) at 95% confidence (CI 0.64-1.25). Differences in abundance observed according to origin, sex and age of cattle were not significant on both methods. Based on these results, it may be concluded that Fasciola gigantica was present throughout the year in cattle in Zambia but the abundance was highest in the post-rainy season and lowest in the cold dry season.  相似文献   

Book Review     

BJ McDonald 《Australian veterinary journal》2005,83(6):352-352

  相似文献   

Distribution and density of cysticerci of Taenia solium by muscle groups and organs in naturally infected local finished pigs in Tanzania     

Boa ME  Kassuku AA  Willingham AL  Keyyu JD  Phiri IK  Nansen P 《Veterinary parasitology》2002,106(2):155-164

The distribution and density of cysticerci of Taenia solium among distinct carcass sites was determined in 24 naturally infected finished pigs from Mbulu district, Tanzania. The heart, tongue, internal and external masseters, triceps brachii, lungs, liver, kidneys, psoas, diaphragm and brain of each pig as well as the muscles from the forelimb, hind limb, abdomen, head and thorax from one half of each pig carcass were all designated as distinct carcass sites and sliced in such a way that all fully developed cysts could be revealed and enumerated (i.e. each slice was less than 0.5 cm thick). The carcasses harboured from 76 to 80,340 cysts in total. Carcass sites which harboured the highest proportion of cysts were those of the hind and forelimbs (mean: 27.7 and 24.5%, respectively, of the total cysts in the carcass), while lower proportions were found in the tongue, heart, triceps brachii, and diaphragm (7, 3.6, 2 and 2, respectively). Relative cyst density was calculated for the different carcass sites by dividing the mean proportion of the total weight of the tissue groups into the mean proportion of cysts located in that site. The cysticerci in the examined distinct carcass sites were found in the following order of relative density: psoas muscles (10.5), internal masseter (8.1), external masseter (7.1), triceps brachii (4.9), forelimb (4.0), head muscles (3.8), tongue (3.4), hind limb (3.2), diaphragm (2.4), heart (1.9), abdominal muscles (1.3), trunk muscles (1.1), brain (1.0) and oesophagus (0.3). The proportion of cysts expected to be found at the surfaces exposed by visual examination or incision at meat inspection was calculated using an indirect method, which incorporated the area revealed by incision and visual inspection of an organ and the proportion of cysts located in the particular organ. It was estimated that 10.6% of the cysts would be located at inspected sites if regulations were followed carefully.  相似文献   

Small Animal ECGs: An Introduction - by M Martin     

BJ Gavaghan 《Australian veterinary journal》2008,86(7):271-271

  相似文献   

Long‐Term Outcome in Dogs After Circumcostal Gastropexy or Gastrocolopexy for Gastric Dilatation With or Without Volvulus     

ANNA V. EGGERTSDÓTTIR DVM  PhD  MARIANNE LANGELAND DVM  PhD  BJØRN FUGLEM DVM  ANE MOHN DVM  ØYVIND STIGEN DVM  PhD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2008,37(8):809-810

  相似文献   

An analysis of recent isolations of Mycobacterium bovis and saprophytic mycobacteria from cattle in northern Queensland   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

BJ DUFFIELD  JH NORTON  D. HOFFMANN 《Australian veterinary journal》1989,66(9):307-308

  相似文献   

The effects of calcium,phosphorus and zinc supplementation on reproductive performance of crossbred dairy cows in Tanzania     

Phiri EC  Nkya R  Pereka AE  Mgasa MN  Larsen T 《Tropical animal health and production》2007,39(5):317-323

The effects of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and zinc (Zn) supplementation on reproductive performance of grazing dairy cows was studied. Forty-eight cows in their first to third parity were allocated to eight groups of 6 animals each, based on stage of lactation and milk yield. Groups 1 (control), 2 (Ca), 3 (P) and 4 (Zn) received, respectively, no mineral supplement, 10 g Ca, 8 g P and 400 mg Zn. The rest of the groups received a combination of Ca/P, Ca/Zn, P/Zn or Ca/P/Zn. Animals were drenched daily. Ovarian activity was determined by progesterone concentrations in milk. Prepartum body condition score (BCS) measured using scale 1–5 was 2.5–3.5. Reproductive problems were observed in all groups except that supplemented with Ca. Cows supplemented with Ca, P, Ca/P, Ca/Zn and Ca/P/Zn had significantly (p < 0.05) shorter interval (30 days) from calving to resumption of oestrus as compared to control (69 days). Intervals from calving to conception and between calvings did not differ significantly between groups (p > 0.05), but were shorter in Ca-supplemented cows. Furthermore, cows in groups 2 and 3 needed an average of 2 services per conception against 3 for cows in other groups. Hence, supplementation with Ca, P and Zn of deficient dairy cows appears to improve reproductive performance.  相似文献   

A sero-epidemiological study of bovine cysticercosis in Zambia.     

P Dorny  I Phiri  S Gabriel  N Speybroeck  J Vercruysse 《Veterinary parasitology》2002,104(3):211-215

A sero-epidemiological study of Taenia saginata cysticercosis was carried out in adult cattle in Zambia to determine the prevalence and study the influence of the farming system on the infection rate. Serum samples were examined for circulating parasite antigen by a monoclonal-based sandwich ELISA. Thirty-eight of 628 serum samples were found positive (prevalence 6.1%). Cysticercosis was significantly more prevalent in feedlots and in traditional farming systems than in dairy farms. It is suggested that the continuous man to animal contact and the use of casual workers in feedlots may be factors that are conductive to T. saginata transmission.  相似文献   

Effect of resinous extract from Commiphora swynnertonii (Burrt) on experimental coccidial infection in chickens     

Gaymary G. Bakari  Robert A. Max  Robinson H. Mdegela  Elliot C. J. Phiri  Mkumbukwa M. A. Mtambo 《Tropical animal health and production》2013,45(2):455-459

A crude resinous extract from Commiphora swynnertonii was tested against an experimental coccidial infection in local chickens. A total of 80 growing chickens were randomly assigned into five groups, which received different treatments. Chickens in G1 were not infected with coccidian oocysts and therefore served as a negative control. All chickens in G2, G3, G4 and G5 were infected through oral administration of coccidian oocysts suspension at a dosed rate of 1.5?×?10⁴ Eimeria spp. oocysts per bird. Starting from day 3 post-infection (p.i), chickens in different groups were treated for 7 consecutive days as follows: G1 and G2 (positive control) received 5 ml of normal saline as placebo, G3 and G4 were given the extract at 400 and 800 mg/kg bodyweight whereas G5 received anticoccidial drug. Clinical signs, bodyweights, oocysts counts and mortality rates were observed regularly. Results showed that oral administration of the resinous extract to chickens with coccidiosis significantly reduced mortality rate from 94 to 25 % and oocysts counts from 1.03?×?10⁵ to 6.55?×?10³ oocysts/g faeces (p?<?0.05). Also a body condition score chart indicated less severe clinical signs of the disease in the groups which received the extract. Mean daily body weights were slightly reduced by the administration of the extract but this effect disappeared by day 7 p.i. These findings clearly indicate that resinous extract from C. swynnertonii has significant anticoccidial effect against experimental Eimeria spp. infection in chickens. A larger field trial to validate the use of the extract in chickens naturally infected with Eimeria spp. is required.  相似文献   

Forage availability and its quality in the dry season on smallholder dairy farms in Tanzania     

E. J. Mtengeti  E. C. J. H. Phiri  N. A. Urio  D. G. Mhando  Z. Mvena  R. Ryoba 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2013,63(4):196-204

Abstract

The study was conducted on smallholder dairy farmers in Tanzania. A number of forage species and feed supplements were collected and analysed. Panicum maximum and P. purpureum constituted the bulky forage in about 20 and 11 households, respectively. The crude protein (CP) content of P. maximum and P. purpureum ranged from 6.5 to 8.5% and 7.8 to 10.2% while in vitro dry matter digestibility ranged from 44 to 50 and 48 to 51%, respectively. The mineral content of these two grasses were adequate for Ca but 95% of the forages were deficient in Cu and Zn and 84% in P. The CP content of multipurpose tree leaf was 3–4 times higher than that of grasses. In conclusion, the study revealed that dairy farmers depended solely on natural grasses and crop residues, which are low in CP, digestibility and mineral content.  相似文献