The effects of cyclophosphamide and its uroprotective agents, mesna and hyperbaric oxygen, on urinary bladder motility in guinea pigs     

Sağmanligil V  Etlik O  Pişkin I  Tomur A 《Acta veterinaria Hungarica》1999,47(4):451-460

The aim of this research was to observe the effects of cyclophosphamide and its uroprotective agents, mesna and hyperbaric oxygen (HBO), on the motility of urinary bladder muscle in guinea pigs. In the experimental groups, mesna and cyclophosphamide were intraperitoneally injected at a dose of 21.5 mg/kg and 68.1 mg/kg, respectively. For the combination of mesna and cyclophosphamide, one dose of mesna was injected 20 min before cyclophosphamide administration and three additional injections of mesna were repeated every three hours. A total of 8 HBO exposures were performed at 2.8 ATA for 90 min twice daily for another experimental group. In the HBO and cyclophosphamide combined group 5 HBO exposures were given prophylactically before cyclophosphamide. The combination of mesna, HBO and cyclophosphamide was administered by the same procedure. The contractions obtained in response to acetylcholine (ACh, 10(-4) M) in the control group were reduced using cyclophosphamide and HBO individually, but not by mesna. However, the contractions belonging to the various combinations of these three agents were not different from those seen in the control group. On the other hand, the combinations of cyclophosphamide, mesna and HBO showed higher responses to ACh than the groups in which cyclophosphamide and HBO were used individually, while the responses elicited by the cyclophosphamide and HBO combination were greater than those seen in the group treated with HBO only.  相似文献   

Detection of leptospiral antigens in kidney and liver of cattle     

Sağlam YS  Temur A  Aslan A 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2003,110(2):75-77

This study was designed to investigate the presence of leptospiral antigens in kidney and liver of naturally infected cattle using an immunoperoxidase (IP) staining and Levaditi's staining methods. A total of 39 cattle suspected from leptospirosis were examined histologically and immunohistochemically for the presence of leptospiral antigens. The leptospiral antigens were detected in 16 out of 39 cases (seven kidneys, three livers, and six kidneys and livers) when IP staining method was used, whereas leptospiral antigens were detected in 6 out of 39 cases (four kidneys and two livers) when Levaditi's staining method was used. This study ascertained that IP staining was more sensitive method than Levaditi's staining method for demonstrating the presence of leptospirosis in cattle.  相似文献   

Passive protection of dogs against clinical disease due to Canine parvovirus-2 by specific antibody from chicken egg yolk   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

Sa Van Nguyen  Kouji Umeda  Hideaki Yokoyama  Yukinobu Tohya    Yoshikatsu Kodama 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2006,70(1):62-64

The protective effect of immunoglobulins derived from chicken egg yolk (IgY) against infection by Canine parvovirus 2 (CPV-2) was evaluated in 10 beagle dogs orally challenged with a strain of the virus. The 2-mo-old dogs were divided into 3 groups and treated with powders containing CPV-2 IgY or normal egg yolk for 7 d after the challenge. The 4 dogs receiving normal egg yolk (control group) demonstrated mild symptoms typical of CPV-2 infection, such as vomiting, diarrhea, and weight loss. No symptoms were observed by 16 d after challenge in the 3 dogs receiving 2 g of IgY powder. Of the 3 dogs receiving 0.5 g of IgY powder, 2 had clinical CPV-2 disease; however, the manifestations were less severe than in the control group. Furthermore, the IgY-treated groups had significantly greater weight gain and shorter duration of virus shedding than the control group. These results indicate that IgY is useful in protecting dogs from CPV-2-induced clinical disease.  相似文献   

Artenspektrum und Befallshäufigkeit von Fusarium spp. in Bt- und konventionellem Mais im Maiszünsler-Befallsgebiet Oderbruch     

Matthias Saß  Markus Schorling  Monika Goßmann  Carmen Büttner 《Gesunde Pflanzen》2007,59(3):119-125

The European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) is one of the most important pests of maize (Zea mays). Injuries to the plants caused by the larvae of the European corn borer may represent entrance gates for fungal-spores. The cultivation of Bacillus thuringiensis maize (Bt-maize) is one possibility to reduce infestation by the European corn borer. The aim of the present project was to determine and to compare the number of species and the frequency of Fusarium spp. infestation in Bt-maize (cry1Ab) and conventional maize. In 2003, we analysed the Fusarium spp. infestation of samples of chaffed Bt-maize and its isogenic variety on two experimental fields in the Oderbruch region (Germany), an European corn borer infested area. The conventional variety on the first of the experimental fields (previous crop wheat and forking cultivation) showed a small infestation (16%) of Ostrinia nubilalis while in the conventional variety on the second field (previous crop maize and not forking cultivation) the infestation of the European corn borer was almost three times higher (47%). In the conventional variety on both of the experimental fields we found a high Fusarium spp. infestation (70%). Especially species of the section Liseola dominates, among them: F. subglutinans, F. proliferatum und F. verticillioides. The Fusarium infestation in the samples of Bt-maize from the field with previous crop wheat and forking cultivation was just as high as in the conventional variety (70%). The infestation of Fusarium spp. in the samples of Bt-maize from the field with previous crop maize and forking cultivation was more than 20?% lower.  相似文献   

Effect of temperature on development,mortality, fecundity and reproduction of<Emphasis Type="Italic">Tuberolachnus salignus</Emphasis> on weeping willow (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Salix babylonica</Emphasis>) and corkscrew willow (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Salix matsudana</Emphasis>)     

N. Özder  Ö. Sağlam  A. Güven  V. Aydın 《Phytoparasitica》2007,35(4):386-391

The development time, survivorship and reproduction ofTuberolachnus salignus (Gmelin) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) [Lachninae, Lachnini] were studied onSalix babylonica (weeping willow) andSalix matsudana (corkscrew willow) at five constant temperatures (17.5, 20, 22.5, 25 and 27.5°C). The development time of immature stages ofT. salignus ranged from 14.56 days at 17.5°C to 12.50 days at 25°C onS. babylonica, and 16.47 days at 20°C to 12.28 days at 25°C onS. matsudana. The total survivorship of immature stages ofT. salignus varied from 28% to 85% at 22.5 and 17.5°C, respectively, onS. babylonica, and from 13% to 63%, respectively, at 17.5 and 25°C onS. matsudana. The greatest intrinsic rate of increase occurred at 25°C onS. babylonica (0.2691) and also onS. matsudana (0.2607). The mean generation time of the aphid population ranged from 14.15 days at 25°C to 16.24 days at 17.5°C onS. babylonica, and from 14.33°C days at 25°C to 19.86 days at 20°C onS. matsudana. The optimal temperature forS. babylonica growth, development time, reproduction and percent survival was 25°C.  相似文献   

Glucosinolate profiling of seeds and sprouts of B. oleracea varieties used for food     

Natalia Bellostas  Piotr Kachlicki  Jens C. Sørensen  Hilmer Sørensen 《Scientia Horticulturae》2007

Consumption of plants of the species Brassica oleracea is related to a decreased incidence of certain cancer forms in humans, and this has been linked to the presence of glucosinolates in those vegetables. After ripe seeds, sprouts of some brassicaceous plants contain the highest concentration of these compounds and are therefore a good source of glucosinolates for chemoprotection. In the present experiments, the content and distribution of glucosinolates was determined in ripe seeds and sprouts (seedlings) of five varieties of B. oleracea (white cabbage, red cabbage, Savoy cabbage, broccoli and cauliflower) by high performance liquid chromatography. The type and concentration of individual glucosinolates varied according to variety of B. oleracea, plant parts in which they occurred and the sprouting period of the seed. Concentration of alkyl glucosinolates decreased whereas that of indol-3-ylmethylglucosinolates increased throughout the sprouting period. Roots had the highest glucosinolate concentration in four and seven day old sprouts whereas at both sprouting times, cotyledons had the highest concentration of alkylthio- and alkylsulphinylglucosinolates.  相似文献   

Cell wall disassembly during papaya softening: Role of ethylene in changes in composition,pectin-derived oligomers (PDOs) production and wall hydrolases     

J. Adriana Sañudo-Barajas  John Labavitch  Carl Greve  Tomás Osuna-Enciso  Dolores Muy-Rangel  Jorge Siller-Cepeda 《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2009,51(2):158-167

Cell wall disassembly in ripening climacteric fruit is a highly complex process where ethylene plays a crucial role. Ethylene inhibitors can be used to explore the changes in the cell wall matrix and cross-linked polysaccharides in ethylene-regulated processes. The results of applying the ethylene receptor blocking inhibitor 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and the ethylene-releasing compound ethephon (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid) indicate that softening of ‘Maradol’ papaya fruit is dependent on ethylene. When fruit were induced to ripen extensively by exposure to a high dose of ethephon, 1-MCP inhibited the subsequent softening dramatically, but when inhibition of the ethylene response was caused by application of 1-MCP, subsequent fruit treatment with ethephon promoted extensive loss of galactose from the water-soluble polysaccharides, but this was not accompanied by fruit softening. The cell wall changes accompanying normal fruit softening were pectin solubilization and polyuronide depolymerization and these processes occurred simultaneously. Polygalacturonase likely is responsible for the ripening-associated changes in ‘Maradol’ papaya fruit texture and pectin polymer integrity. An increase in extractable fruit polygalacturonase follows the increased presence of pectin-derived oligosaccharides.  相似文献   

乡村园林景观规划存在的问题及设计要求   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李飒 《现代农业科技》2012,(13):205-207

总结了传统乡土园林的主要特点及景观范畴,分析了存在的问题,并提出设计要求,以期为乡村园林景观规划提供参考。  相似文献   

High-speed steel tool wear during wood cutting in the presence of high-temperature corrosion and mineral contamination     

Bolesław Porankiewicz  Piotr Iskra  Jakub Sandak  Chiaki Tanaka  Karol Jóźwiak 《Wood Science and Technology》2006,40(8):673-682

Dulling of high-speed steel (HSS) cutting tools after milling five wood species has been analyzed. The wood investigated varied in mineral contamination, high-temperature corrosivity (HTC) and density (D). Experiments performed proved that up to date methods for evaluation of mineral contamination in wood should be improved. A new pipe-like form of mineral contamination particles was evidenced. The correlation between the presence of 3D aggregates of silica in wood and high content of K and Ca in the ash was established. Employing multivariable theoretical simulation method, the combined effect of mineral contamination, HTC and wood density on the tool dullness appeared to be a reasonable explanation of the results obtained.  相似文献   

农业生产托管模式效率差异及其影响因素研究——以黑龙江省为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张梅  杨洒  颜华 《农业现代化研究》2022,43(3):484-492

农业生产托管是实现小农户与现代农业有机衔接的重要途径,但不同托管模式可能存在效率差异,探究不同托管模式的效率差异对农业现代化发展具有重要的现实意义。本文基于产权理论,以黑龙江省为例,利用农业生产托管组织的调查数据,运用超越对数随机前沿生产函数,分析不同农业生产托管模式的技术效率差异并探讨其影响因素。结果表明,农业生产托管分为村集体主导型和新型农业经营主体主导型两种模式,村集体主导模式与新型农业经营主体主导模式之间存在技术效率差异,村集体主导模式的平均技术效率比新型农业经营主体主导模式高7.79个百分点。农业生产托管规模、托管土地细碎化程度、托管组织自给劳动力人数、设置农业经纪人能显著影响农业生产托管的技术效率。村集体主导模式与新型农业经营主体主导模式效率差异原因在于村集体主导模式土地细碎化程度较低,且由于产权原因自给劳动力人数普遍较多,而新型农业经营主体主导模式没有充分发挥托管规模与农业经纪人优势。因此,提出积极鼓励发展村集体主导模式、进一步支持新型农业经营主体扩大托管规模、培育农业经纪人队伍等建议。  相似文献