A longitudinal study of Salmonella enterica infections in high-and low-seroprevalence finishing swine herds in The Netherlands     

van der Wolf PJ  Lo Fo Wong DM  Wolbers WB  Elbers AR  van der Heijden HM  van Schie FW  Hunneman WA  Willeberg P  Tielen MJ 《The Veterinary quarterly》2001,23(3):116-121

The purpose of this investigation was to study the incidence and course of Salmonella infections in finishing pig herds in order to asses the stability of a given Salmonella herd status. Five low- and 7 high-seroprevalence herds were followed for seven sampling rounds. Each round, blood and faecal samples were tested in an indirect ELISA and by bacteriological culturing, respectively. In high-seroprevalence herds a positive Salmonella status was an indication of a long-term problem and the status was relatively stable over time. The herds experiencing clinical salmonellosis were not necessarily the herds with the highest seroprevalence. It is possible to deliver sero-negative finishers to the slaughterhouse, even though these pigs were seropositive as growers. In three out of five low-prevalence herds, major infection incidents occurred, indicating that changes in the Salmonella status should be anticipated. Low-prevalence herds can remain negative over a longer period of time as a result feeding a complete liquid feed containing fermented by-products.  相似文献   

A longitudinal study of serological patterns of respiratory infections in nine infected Danish swine herds     

Andreasen M  Nielsen JP  Baekbo P  Willeberg P  Bøtner A 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2000,45(3-4):221-235

Sixteen litters of seven pigs from each of nine Danish farrow-to-finish herds were followed to investigate the serological patterns caused by natural infection with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, Pasteurella multocida toxin and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotypes 2, 5–7, 12. In seven of the herds, pigs were followed as two separate cohorts started 4 weeks apart, and in two herds only one cohort was followed.

A total of 999 pigs were included in the study. The pigs were blood sampled at weaning and subsequently every fourth week until slaughter. All pigs were examined for antibodies against M. hyopneumoniae (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), P. multocida toxin (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and A. pleuropneumoniae serotypes 2, 5–7, 12 (complement-fixation tests). The most-common pattern (28%) of seroconversion was that of pigs first seroconverting to A. pleuropneumoniae serotype 2, followed by seroconversion to M. hyopneumoniae. Each herd had a dominant serotype of A. pleuropneumoniae to which most pigs seroconverted. Seroconversion to the respiratory pathogens occurred mainly in the growing-to-finishing units (8–24 weeks). The risk of seroconversion to the P. multocida toxin was very low (<20%) and occurred late.

None, four and seven herds tested seropositive to PRRS and to swine influenza virus subtypes H3N2 and H1N1, respectively, when testing 10 pigs per herd (selected randomly among the study pigs) at the age of 20 weeks.  相似文献   

Serum insulin‐like growth factor 1 in the aging horse     

Tone Lygren  Sanni Hansen  Henning Langberg  Julie Fjeldborg  Stine Jacobsen  Mette O. Nielsen  Peter Schjerling  Bo Markussen  Preben D. Thomsen  Lise C. Berg 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2014,43(4):557-560

  相似文献   

Relationships between breeding waterbird abundance,diversity, and clear water status after the restoration of two shallow nutrient‐rich Danish lakes     

Anthony D. Fox  Hans E. Jrgensen  Erik Jeppesen  Torben L. Lauridsen  Martin Sndergaard  Karsten Fugl  Palle Myssen  Thorsten J.S. Balsby  Preben Clausen 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2020,30(2):237-245

1. Breeding waterbird communities have suffered globally from the effects of anthropogenic changes in water quality (especially nutrient enrichment) in recent decades, but few studies have demonstrated the positive effects of restorative actions.
2. Annual breeding waterbird surveys in the period 1977–2005 at two restored southern Danish lake basins (combining nutrient load reduction and biomanipulation) showed an up to five‐fold increase in abundance, and considerable changes in species richness and diversity, following restoration to clear water status in both lakes.
3. Parallel surveys at a third lake, which retained clear water quality throughout, offering a form of natural ‘control', showed no such changes over the same time period.
4. Consistent relationships between breeding waterbird abundance, species richness, and diversity with measures of water clarity (Secchi disc depth, chlorophyll a, and suspended matter) suggest that water clarity mainly drives the relationship; inverse relationships between these measures and total nitrogen and phosphorus were less consistent than for water clarity.
5. The results suggest that an improvement in water clarity plays a key role in restoring breeding waterbird communities and suggest that breeding waterbirds can be indicators of the success of lake restoration projects, but more studies are needed to confirm their wider utility under a variety of conditions.

  相似文献   

Serum amyloid A is expressed in histologically normal tissues from horses and cattle     

Berg LC  Thomsen PD  Andersen PH  Jensen HE  Jacobsen S 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2011,144(1-2):155-159

  相似文献   

Future Cereal Starch Bioengineering: Cereal Ancestors Encounter Gene Technology and Designer Enzymes     

Andreas Blennow  Susanne L. Jensen  Shahnoor S. Shaik  Katsiaryna Skryhan  Massimiliano Carciofi  Preben B. Holm  Kim H. Hebelstrup  Vanja Tanackovic 《Cereal Chemistry》2013,90(4):274-287

The importance of cereal starch production worldwide cannot be overrated. However, the qualities and resulting values of existing raw and processed starch do not fully meet future demands for environmentally friendly production of renewable, advanced biomaterials, functional foods, and biomedical additives. New approaches for starch bioengineering are needed. In this review, we discuss cereal starch from a combined universal bioresource point of view. The combination of new biotechniques and clean technology methods can be implemented to replace, for example, chemical modification. The recently released cereal genomes and the exploding advancement in whole genome sequencing now pave the road for identifying new genes to be exploited to generate a multitude of completely new starch functionalities directly in the cereal grain, converting cereal crops to production plants. Newly released genome data from cereal ancestors can potentially allow for the reintroduction of cereal traits including, for example, health‐promoting carbohydrates that may have been lost during domestication. Raw materials produced in this manner can be processed by clean enzyme‐assisted techniques or thermal treatment in combination to further functionalize or stabilize the starch polymers. Importantly, such products can be multifunctional in the sense of combined food/material or food/pharma purposes, for example, edible plastics, shape memory materials, and cycloamylose carriers and stabilizers for diverse bioactives.  相似文献   

Cooling,Storing and Quality of Raw Milk     

Frode Guul-Simonsen  Preben Stordal Christiansen  Dan Edelsten  Jørgen Ryhmer Kristiansen  Niels Peder Madsen  Egil Waagner Nielsen 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2013,63(2):105-110

Abstract

Full-scale experiments with cooling of raw milk of good initial quality from a herd of 70 dairy cows have been performed under practical farm conditions, with different cooling and storage conditions, including instant cooling in a continuous process versus normal cooling in a batch process. During each milking, the milk was divided equally and successively for different cooling procedures. Quality evaluations (number of bacteria, acidity and oxidation of fat, sensoric quality) indicated that instant cooling/continuous process compared with normal cooling/batch process over 2.5 hours, both to 4°C, resulted in a slightly slower bacterial growth and a slightly slower hydrolysis and oxidation of milk fat. Instant raw milk cooled and stored at 2.5°C maintained a good quality for about one to two days more than when normal cooling over 1.5 hours and storing at 4°C was used.  相似文献   

Characterization of NCR1+ cells residing in lymphoid tissues in the gut of lambs indicates that the majority are NK cells     

Line Olsen  Preben Boysen  Caroline Piercey ?kesson  Gjermund Gunnes  Timothy Connelley  Anne K Storset  Arild Espenes 《Veterinary research》2013,44(1):109

Natural killer (NK) cells are important for immune protection of the gut mucosa. Previous studies have shown that under pathologic conditions NK cells, T cells and dendritic cells are found co-localised in secondary lymphoid organs where their interaction coordinates immune responses. However, in the gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALTs), there are few detailed reports on the distribution of NK cells. Sheep harbour several types of organised lymphoid tissues in the gut that have different functions. The ileal Peyer’s patch (IPP) functions as a primary lymphoid tissue for B cell generation, while the jejunal Peyer’s patches (JPPs) and colon patches (CPs) are considered secondary lymphoid tissues. In the present study, we analysed tissues from healthy lambs by flow cytometry and in situ multicolour immunofluorescence, using recently described NCR1 antibodies to identify ovine NK cells. Most NCR1+ cells isolated from all tissues were negative for the pan T cell marker CD3, and thus comply with the general definition of NK cells. The majority of NCR1+ cells in blood as well as secondary lymphoid organs expressed CD16, but in the GALT around half of the NCR1+ cells were negative for CD16. A semi-quantitative morphometric study on tissue sections was used to compare the density of NK cells in four compartments of the IPPs, JPP and CPs. NCR1+ cells were found in all gut segments. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between compartments of the primary lymphoid organ IPP and the secondary lymphoid organs of the JPPs and CP. NK cells co-localised and made close contact with T cells, dendritic cells and other NK cells, but did not show signs of proliferation. We conclude that NK cells are present in all investigated segments of the sheep gut, but that presence of other innate lymphoid cells expressing NCR1 cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

The Danish pig health scheme: Nation-wide computer-based abattoir surveillance and follow-up at the herd level     

P. Willeberg  M.-A. Gerbola  B.Kirkegaard Petersen  J.B. Andersen 《Preventive veterinary medicine》1984,3(1):79-91

In 1978 an agreement was made among the Danish authorities, the slaughterhouse association and the pig produces to develop and operate a national swine herd health scheme based on data from the routine slaughter inspection.This review of the health scheme first presents available evidence of the diagnostic validity of slaughter inspection data in terms of correlation with clinical history and with detailed post-mortem findings of internal organs. The epidemiological basis for the program further includes the use of slaughter inspection findings in estimating the poor beneficial effects of medical treatment procedures in common, multifactorial disorders, their considerable variation within and among herds of different sizes, their correlation with environmental and managerial herd factors, and some obvious associations among different clinical pictures of these economically important herd health problems.Finally, an overview is presented of the current program, its design and operation, and preliminary results from its first few years of operations are given.  相似文献   

Continuous monitoring of body temperature in pigs using non-invasive ear canal sensors     

Preben Fogd Jrgensen  Preben Willeberg  Poul Jensen  L. Lydehj Hansen  Allan Northeved 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1986,27(3):456-460

Monitoring of the body temperature in animals kept under intensive production conditions is desirable for a number of reasons: oestrus detection, disease monitoring and stress indication in addition to more specific needs, such as the selection of breeding pigs resistant to malignant hyperthermia and for various research purposes.  相似文献