In vitro dephytinization and bioavailability of essential minerals in several wheat varieties     

Sharoon Akhter  Asma Saeed  Muhammad Irfan  Kauser Abdullah Malik 《Journal of Cereal Science》2012

Twelve wheat varieties were studied for their phytic acid, calcium, iron, zinc, copper and phosphorus contents, which respectively ranged between 114–166, 25.1–53.5, 3.41–5.55, 0.71–3.00, 0.65–1.32 and 298–314 mg/100 g. The molar ratios as Ca:Phy, Phy:Fe, Phy:Zn, Phy:Cu were found to be 0.14–0.29, 1.96–3.86, 5.11–20.5 and 13.0–23.9, respectively. Significant dephytinization, ranging between 35.3 and 69.3% in different varieties, was achieved on exogenous enzymatic treatment. Enzymatic dephytinization in the in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion resulted in significant increase in the bioavailability of essential minerals. The increase in bioavailability of calcium, iron, zinc and copper on exogenous enzymatic dephytinization ranged between, respectively (x-folds): 1.30–1.96, 1.11–1.52, 1.22–1.78 and 1.11–1.73.  相似文献   

Effects of dietary lipid levels on growth, nutrient utilization, and nitrogen and carbon balances in shi drum (Umbrina cirrosa L.)     

Zafer Akp?nar  Hüseyin Sevgili  Abdullah Demir  Talip ?zgen  Y?lmaz Emre  O. Tufan Eroldo?an 《Aquaculture International》2012,20(1):131-143

Shi drum (Umbrina cirrosa L.) is regarded as a promising new candidate for Mediterranean mariculture but specifically formulated feeds are not yet available due to knowledge gaps in its basic nutritional requirements. Therefore, this study was carried out to determine the effects of dietary lipid levels on growth and feed utilization in shi drum (72.6 g average weight). Four isonitrogenic diets differing in dietary lipid levels between 10 and 19% (named 10L, 13L, 16L, and 19L, respectively) were fed to triplicate groups of fish for 8 weeks. Growth was not affected by treatment whereas feed efficiency was significantly deteriorated in fish fed diets containing lipid higher than 13%. Whole body dry matter and lipid contents were significantly higher in fish fed 19L compared with fish fed the 10L, while whole body protein, ash, and total carbon (C) were statistically unaffected by the dietary treatment. A significant increase in feed, lipid, energy, nitrogen (N), and carbon (C) intake was recorded in fish fed 16L and 19L when compared with 10L. Carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio was significantly higher in fish fed 19L than 10L. Moreover, the N and C losses significantly increased in fish fed 19L compared with 10L and 13L. It was concluded that high dietary lipid did neither had any protein-sparing effect nor other positive result, and diets for shi drum are not recommended to contain more than 13% lipid.  相似文献   

江苏省水稻品种抗稻瘟病基因型的鉴定与分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

唐正合  王建新  陈长军  周明国 《南京农业大学学报》2011,34(6)

通过离体接种的方法,用已知抗瘟基因型反应的22个稻瘟菌株,对江苏省67个水稻品种进行了抗瘟基因型鉴定和分析.结果表明:67个水稻品种可能携带1个或多个抗瘟基因,其中携带抗瘟基因Piz5、Pizt、Pi1、Pi9、Piz、Pi5、Pi3和Pii的水稻品种对22个稻瘟病菌菌株的抗性频率均大于50％.携带Pita2和Pi9这2个基因的水稻品种特占A和携带Pi9基因的水稻品种辐优136对所有稻瘟病菌菌株表现免疫,pita2和Pi9这2个基因,尤其是Pi9基因对于水稻抗瘟性极为重要,推测特占A和辐优136是较好的抗瘟育种材料;含有Pia基因的水稻品种,如徐稻41926、徐稻40993等品种抗病性差,极易丧失抗病性.建议生产中推广种植携带Pi9基因的水稻品种,减小携带Pia基因的水稻品种的种植面积.  相似文献   

First report of a 16SrXIV, 'Candidatus Phytoplasma cynodontis' group phytoplasma associated with coconut yellow decline in Malaysia     

N. Nejat  K. Sijam  S. N. A. Abdullah  G. Vadamalai  M. Dickinson 《Plant pathology》2009,58(2):389-389

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Phosphorus balance and risk assessment in the rice–canola cropping system under different drainage strategies     

Abdullah Darzi-Naftchali  Ali Shahnazari  Fatemeh Karandish 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2016,62(11):1554-1566

This research was conducted to quantify total phosphorus (TP) losses in poorly drained-consolidated paddy fields equipped with different surface and shallow subsurface drainage systems including drain depth of 0.9 m and drain spacing of 30 m (D_0.9L₃₀), drain depth of 0.65 m and drain spacing of 30 m (D_0.65L₃₀), drain depth of 0.65 m and drain spacing of 15 m (D_0.65L₁₅), drain spacing of 15 m and drain depths of 0.65 and 0.9 m as alternate depths (Bilevel). Typical surface drainage system of consolidated paddy fields was also considered as conventional practice of the study area (control). The subsurface drained fields were under year-round crop production of rice-canola, while the surface drained fields experienced only rice cropping once a year. During three rice-canola-rice growing seasons, TP losses through drainage and leaching in the D_0.9L₃₀, Bilevel, D_0.65L₃₀, D_0.65L₁₅ and control treatments were respectively, 1.12, 0.98, 1.44, 1.53 and 24.48 kg ha^?1, equivalent to about 3.9%, 3.4%, 5.1%, 5.3% and 85.7% of applied triple superphosphate fertilizer. In the rice growing seasons, TP losses through surface runoff were higher than those through subsurface drainage effluents. Shallow subsurface drainage systems were promising for the study area compared surface drainage as phosphorus risks were reduced by 79%, 77%, 64% and 57% through D_0.9L₃₀, Bilevel, D_0.65L₃₀ and D_0.65L₁₅, respectively. These results demonstrated that, by providing suitable condition for winter cropping, subsurface drainage systems can diminish concerns related to phosphorus losses from poorly drained paddy fields in the north of Iran.  相似文献   

Factors Affecting the Selection of Information Sources of Sustainable Agricultural Practices by Malaysian Vegetable Farmers     

Yeong Sheng Tey  Mark Brindal  Elton Li  Gurjeet Gill  Johan Bruwer  Amin Mahir Abdullah 《Journal Of Agricultural & Food Information》2018,19(2):162-175

Information is key in reducing the uncertainties of sustainable agricultural practices (SAPs). The objective of this study was to improve the understanding of the relationship between utilized informational sources and other key identified factors affecting Malaysian vegetable producers' choices. The findings of a multivariate probit model suggest that information sources are complementary. The choices for these sources are influenced by heterogeneity in access to credit, social network (member of farmers association), and farm settings (distance from farm to market, resource depletion issues, and geographical regions). Future promotion of SAPs should be delivered through the provision of quality content disseminated through the preferred information sources, which target potential users.  相似文献   

Compliance of Milk Quality and Safety Measures Among Milk Producers and Milk Collection Centers in South Region of Punjab Province,Pakistan     

Mazhir Nadeem Ishaq  Li Cui-xia  Rukhsana Rasheed  Majid Lateef  Muhammad Abdullah 《东北农业大学学报(英文版)》2017,24(1)

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A field study on the anthelmintic resistance of Parascaris spp. in Arab foals in the Riyadh region,Saudi Arabia     

Abdullah D. Alanazi  Rami M. Mukbel  Mohamed S. Alyousif  Zafer S. AlShehri  Ibrahim O. Alanazi  Hamdan I. Al-Mohammed 《The Veterinary quarterly》2017,37(1):200-205

Background: In the last decade, Parascaris spp. resistance to anthelmintics has been recorded in many countries. In Saudi Arabia, there are limited data available on Parascaris spp. resistance to anthelmintics.

Objective: To determine the current status of ivermectin, abamectin and praziquantel combined, and fenbendazole resistance to Parascaris spp. in horses in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: Three hundred and forty-one foals from eleven different farms were examined by faecal egg count (FEC). The foals were all Arab horses aged 17.2 ± 4.5 (SD) months. Ivermectin (n = 46 foals), abamectin and praziquantel combined (n = 46), and fenbendazole (n = 46) were administered on day 0 and faeces were collected on day 14. The study comprised 41 untreated foals as controls. Animals that have FEC of ≥100 eggs per gram (EPG) were used to measure anthelmintic efficacy. Parascaris spp. populations were considered susceptible when faecal egg count reduction (FECR) was ≥95% associated with a lower 95% confidence limit (LCL) >90%, suspected resistant when FECR ≤90% or LCL <90% and resistant when FECR <90% and LCL <90%.

Results: Prevalence of Parascaris spp. infection was 53% (179/341 horses). Anthelmintic resistance to Parascaris spp. were highest following fenbendazole (55% of farms and 65% of foals) and to a lower extent following ivermectin or the combination of abamectin and praziquantel which comprised 27% of farms (and 46% of foals) and 18% of farms (and 10% of foals), respectively.

Conclusion: These data indicate that anthelmintics-resistant Parascaris spp. populations are present on horse farms in Saudi Arabia.  相似文献   

The effects of teak monoculture on forest soils: a case study in Bangladesh     

Md.Abdullah Al Mahmud  Mohammad Mahfuzur Rahman  Mohammed Kamal Hossain 《林业研究》2018,(4)

Teak plantations date back to 1871 in Bangladesh.This study was designed to assess how teak monoculture has impacted the soil properties in Bangladesh.Multiple linear regression and correlation matrices were estimated to evaluate these impacts.The means of soil physicochemical properties were compared across various attributes of the plantations.Older plantations accumulated more organic carbon in the soils than the younger plantations.Excessive removal of litter from the forest floor resulted in reduced levels of N, P, K, and other nutrients in the soils.Since bulk density was continuously decreasing deeper into the soil, the penetration of mineral nutrients into the soil was low.Furthermore, moisture content in the topsoil was significantly lower than that in the bottom layers due to the exposed and dry condition of the forest floor under teak plantations.For improving depleted teak plantation soils, teak could be planted with other tree species rather than just in monocultures.In addition, the forest floor could be enriched with leguminous herbs and shrubs to improve soil health in these plantations.  相似文献   

Analyzing dynamic curve widening on forest roads     

Mustafa Akgul  Murat Demir  Abdullah E. Akay 《林业研究》2017,28(2):411-417

Forest roads require important design specifications to ensure all-season access for various vehicles. Long and heavy log trucks can face serious maneuvering problems on forest roads due to insufficient amount of area to the left for road widening on horizontal curves. In order to provide safe and continuous shipment and transportation,appropriate curve widening areas should be provided for long vehicles along horizontal curves. In this study, a statistical model was developed to provide curve-widening solutions for long trucks(e.g., those with 18 wheels) considering various curve radius and deflection angles. The dynamic curve widening feature of Plateia 2013 program was employed to calculate curve widening for the specified vehicle. During the solution process, nine different horizontal curve diameters from 10 to 50 m(by 5 m intervals)and 17 different deflection angles from 90° to 170°(by 5°intervals) were evaluated to run horizontal curve-widening analysis. Using a multiple regression model, we made suitable predictions about curve widening. The curvewidening areas decrease as the horizontal curve radius increases, while increasing the deflection angle on horizontal curves increases curve widening areas. Clearly, the computer-based dynamic curve widening model developed in this study can be effectively used in determining optimum widening for horizontal curves by evaluating the number of alternatives that fit geometrical specifications and vehicle types.  相似文献