Transfer of Bovine Blastocysts Derived from Short-term In Vitro Culture of Low Quality Morulae Produced In Vivo     

RH Alvarez  M Meneghel  AC Martinez  RML Pires  EA Schammass 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2008,43(3):257-260

The aim of this study was to evaluate if blastocysts arising from in vitro culture of Grade 3 bovine morulae produced in vivo can promote acceptable pregnancy rates when transferred into recipients. Embryos of different stages and qualities were recovered from superovulated Bos taurus and B. indicus donors. Grade 3 morulae were cultured in either Holding Plus® or TCM‐199 (supplemented with 10% bovine fetal serum) media for 24 h at 38.5°C. After this culture period, the resulting blastocysts were morphologically classified (Grades 1, 2 and 3) and transferred into recipients previously synchronized with the donors. Non‐cultured Grades 1 and 3 morulae were used as control. Pregnancy diagnosis was carried out 60 days after embryo transfer and the data were analysed by logistic regression, considering variables, such as embryo quality (Grade), donor breed, culture medium, donor‐recipient synchrony and seasonality. Embryo quality was the only variable, showing significant effect on the pregnancy rate. Pregnancy rates for non‐cultured Grade 1 and 3 morulae, and blastocysts arising from cultured Grade 3 morulae were 58.1% (n = 31), 17.1% (n = 35) and 51.1% (n = 47), respectively (p < 0.05). There were no statistical differences between non‐cultured Grade 1 morulae and cultured blastocysts. Pregnancy rates for Grades 1 (65.0%) and 2 (60.0%) were higher than Grade 3 (29.4%) cultured blastocysts (p < 0.05). It was concluded that short‐term in vitro culture is a very convenient method of identifying morphologically low quality morulae with higher chances of continuing development after the transfer into recipients.  相似文献   

Causes of death in sheep exported live by sea     

RB RICHARDS  RT NORRIS  RH DUNLOP  NC McQUADE 《Australian veterinary journal》1989,66(2):33-38

Post-mortem examinations were conducted on 950 dead and terminally ill sheep during assembly for export and during transport by sea from Fremantle, Western Australia to various Middle East ports. Causes of death were grouped into 5 major categories; inanition (deaths associated with reduced feed intake, including hypocalcaemia and hypomagnesaemia), salmonellosis (enteric and septicaemic), trauma, diseases associated with excessive feed intake (lactic acidosis and enterotoxaemia) and miscellaneous diseases (mostly of farm origin). During assembly the causes of death were salmonellosis 53.4%, miscellaneous diseases 23.8%, trauma 12.6%, inanition 10.2%, acidosis 3.9%, enterotoxaemia 3.4% and no diagnosis was made in 3.4%. During shipping the causes of death in defined populations of sheep in 5 voyages were; inanition 43.4%, salmonellosis 20.2%, trauma 10.6%, miscellaneous diseases 5.9%, enterotoxaemia 1.0% and no diagnosis was made in 19.0%. The range of mortality rates per 10,000 sheep at risk for the first 11 days at sea in 5 voyages were inanition 52.6 to 76.7, salmonellosis 7.8 to 109.8, trauma 2.1 to 17.1, miscellaneous diseases 5.9 to 17.1 and enterotoxaemia nil to 10.3.  相似文献   

Chloramphenicol residues in tissues of broiler chickens.   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

C S Sisodia  R H Dunlop 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1972,13(11):263-265

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Adaptation of Domestic Animals          下载免费PDF全文

R. H. Dunlop 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1970,11(2):28

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Chloramphenicol concentrations in blood and milk of cows following parenteral administration.   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

C S Sisodia  V S Gupta  R H Dunlop    O M Radostits 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1973,14(9):217-220

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Drug Presentation and Prescribing          下载免费PDF全文

Robert H. Dunlop 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1966,7(8):175

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Naturally-occurring and experimental thiamin deficiency in cats receiving commercial cat food.   总被引：5，自引：4，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

F M Loew  C L Martin  R H Dunlop  R J Mapletoft    S I Smith 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1970,11(6):109-113

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International dispersial of Bourgelat's veterinary vision     

Dunlop RH 《Argos (Utrecht, Netherlands)》2004,(30):470-478

Reviewing the history , one is impressed by the remarkable speed with which the grand and powerful idea of creating a new profession of veterinary medicine spread throughout the world (even long before the emergence of electronic transmission). Four factors stand out as key components to this successful dissemination. First, there was the magnificent idea of veterinary education coupled to the powerful motivation of Bourgelat. Second, there existed at the time a tremendous perceived social need for improved animal health, initially for military purposes, the later for issues of food and fiber production. This factor continues to evolve today, with the increasing focus on animal welfare adn companion animal care. Third, support of political leaders with the power to launch the vision was generated. Fourth, of crucial importance was the sustaining of the meme by highly talented and dedicated individuals who modified and improved the original idea to allow for continuing renewal and growth. These four factors seem to have been the most salient features for the achievement of the initiation and the dynamic progression of the new profession.  相似文献   

The cosmic history of star formation     

Dunlop JS 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,333(6039):178-181

Major advances in observational astronomy over the past 20 years have revolutionized our view of cosmic history, transforming our understanding of how the hot, smooth, early universe evolved into the complex and beautiful universe of stars and galaxies in which we now live. I describe how astronomers have used a range of complementary techniques to map out the rise and fall of star formation over 95% of cosmic time, back to the current observational frontier only ~500 million years after the Big Bang.  相似文献   

Synthetic CD4 peptide derivatives that inhibit HIV infection and cytopathicity   总被引：23，自引：0，他引：23  

J D Lifson  K M Hwang  P L Nara  B Fraser  M Padgett  N M Dunlop  L E Eiden 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1988,241(4866):712-716

Synthetic peptide segments of the CD4 molecule were tested for their ability to inhibit infection of CD4+ cells by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and to inhibit HIV-induced cell fusion. A peptide mixture composed of CD4(76-94), and synthesis side products, blocked HIV-induced cell fusion at a nominal concentration of 125 micromolar. Upon high-performance liquid chromatography, the antisyncytial activity of the peptide mixture was found not in the fraction containing the peptide CD4(76-94) itself, but in a side fraction containing derivatized peptide products generated in the automated synthesis. Derivatized deletion and substitution peptides in the region CD4(76-94) were used to demonstrate sequence specificity, a requirement for benzyl derivatization, and a core seven-residue fragment required for antisyncytial activity. A partially purified S-benzyl-CD4(83-94) peptide mixture inhibited HIV-induced cell fusion at a nominal concentration of less than or equal to 32 micromolar. Derivatized CD4 peptides blocked cell fusion induced by several HIV isolates and by the simian immunodeficiency virus, SIV, and blocked infection in vitro by four HIV-1 isolates with widely variant envelope gene sequences. Purified CD4(83-94) dibenzylated at cysteine 86 and glutamate 87 possessed antisyncytial activity at 125 micromolar. Derivatization may specifically alter the conformation of CD4 holoreceptor peptide fragments, increasing their antiviral efficacy.  相似文献