Pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone and its metabolite oxyphenbutazone in miniature donkeys     

Matthews NS  Peck KE  Taylor TS  Mealey KL 《American journal of veterinary research》2001,62(5):673-675

OBJECTIVE: To describe the pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone and oxyphenbutazone after IV administration in miniature donkeys. ANIMALS: 6 clinically normal miniature donkeys. PROCEDURE: Blood samples were collected before and 5, 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, 300, 360, and 480 minutes after IV administration of phenylbutazone (4.4 mg/kg of body weight). Serum was analyzed in triplicate by use of high-performance liquid chromatography for determination of phenylbutazone and oxyphenbutazone concentrations. The serum concentration-time curve for each donkey was analyzed separately to estimate model-independent pharmacokinetic variables. RESULTS: Serum concentrations decreased rapidly after IV administration of phenylbutazone, and they reached undetectable concentrations within 4 hours. Values for mean residence time ranged from 0.5 to 3.0 hours (median, 1.1 hour), whereas total body clearance ranged from 4.2 to 7.5 ml/kg/min (mean, 5.8 ml/kg/min). Oxyphenbutazone appeared rapidly in the serum; time to peak concentration ranged from 13 to 41 minutes (mean, 26.4 minutes), and peak concentration in serum ranged from 2.8 to 4.0 mg/ml (mean, 3.5 microg/ml). CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Clearance of phenylbutazone in miniature donkeys after injection of a single dose (4.4 mg/kg, IV) is rapid. Compared with horses, miniature donkeys may require more frequent administration of phenylbutazone to achieve therapeutic efficacy.  相似文献   

Questions reported risks of Salmonella infections     

Hancock D  Besser TE  Mealey KL 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2002,221(2):192

  相似文献   

Materials with negative compressibilities in one or more dimensions     

RH Baughman  S Stafstrom  C Cui  SO Dantas 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,279(5356):1522-1524

Rare crystal phases that expand in one or more dimensions when hydrostatically compressed are identified and shown to have negative Poisson's ratios. Some of these crystals (i) decrease volume and expand in two dimensions when stretched in a particular direction and (ii) increase surface area when hydrostatically compressed. Possible mechanisms for achieving such negative linear and area compressibilities are described for single crystals and composites, and sensor applications are proposed. Materials with these properties may be used to fabricate porous solids that either expand in all directions when hydrostatically compressed with a penetrating fluid or behave as if they are incompressible.  相似文献   

Development of a Yersinia entomophaga bait for control of larvae of the porina moth (Wiseana spp.), a pest of New Zealand improved grassland systems     

Mark RH Hurst  Jayanthi Swaminathan  David A Wright  Scott Hardwick  Colin M Ferguson  Amy Beattie  Nicola K Richards  Lincoln Harper  Ray A Moss  Vanessa M Cave  Chikako van Koten  Mark R McNeill 《Pest management science》2020,76(1):350-359

  相似文献   

Protein electrophoresis as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in raptor medicine.     

L M Tatum  J Zaias  B K Mealey  C Cray  G D Bossart 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2000,31(4):497-502

Plasma proteins of 139 healthy adult birds of prey from 10 species were separated by electrophoresis to characterize and document normal reference ranges and species-specific electrophoretic patternsand to evaluate the value of this technique for health screening, disease diagnosis, and prognostic indication. Species studied included bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus), red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis), barn owl (Tyto alba), great horned owl (Bubo virginianus), turkey vulture (Cathartes aura), Harris' hawk (Parabuteo unicinctus), Stellar's sea eagle (Haliaeetus pelagicus), barred owl (Strix varia), screech owl (Otus asio), and black vulture (Coragyps atratus). Several clinical cases show the diagnostic/therapeutic value of protein electrophoresis in raptors. This study establishes species-specific reference ranges for several birds of prey and discusses the benefit of electrophoresis as a diagnostic technique in health screens, as a diagnostic aid in conjunction with other tests, and as a prognostic indicator in clinical evaluation of raptors.  相似文献   

The effect of some cryoprotectants on dromedary camel frozen‐thawed semen          下载免费PDF全文

DA El‐Badry  RH Mohamed  HA EL‐Metwally  TR Abo Al‐Naga 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2017,52(3):522-525

The cryopreserved camel semen is often associated with poor quality and fertility. This study aimed to improve the dromedary frozen semen quality by comparing the efficiency of four cryoprotectant agents (CPAs) on sperm freezability. Semen samples were collected from seven male Maghrabi camels, diluted with Shotor diluent supplemented with glycerol (Sh‐G), dimethyl formamide (DMF, Sh‐DF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, Sh‐DS) or ethylene glycol (EG, Sh‐EG), all at 6% final concentration, and the samples were subjected to cryopreservation. The results revealed the superiority of Sh‐DF over Sh‐G and Sh‐DS in terms of post‐thaw motility (55.83 ± 2.20 vs. 47.50 ± 4.33 and 45.00 ± 2.89%, respectively), sperm membrane (49.00 ± 0.58, 39.33 ± 3.33 and 42.67 ± 1.45%, respectively) and acrosomal integrities (53.00 ± 0.58, 57.33 ± 0.88 and 52.33 ± 1.45%, respectively). Sh‐EG group showed the lowest post‐thaw motility, plasma membrane and acrosome integrities (12.50 ± 1.44, 22.67 ± 1.45 and 30.67 ± 1.45, respectively). In conclusion, the protocols of dromedary camel semen cryopreservation could be enhanced using 6% DMF as a cryoprotectant agent.  相似文献   

Frequency of the mutant MDR1 allele in dogs in the UK     

Tappin SW  Goodfellow MR  Peters IR  Day MJ  Hall EJ  Mealey KL 《The Veterinary record》2012,171(3):72

  相似文献   

Canine orosomucoid (alpha‐1 acid glycoprotein) variants and their influence on drug plasma protein binding     

Ana P. Costa  Michael H. Court  Nicolas F. Villarino  Neal S. Burke  Katrina L. Mealey 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2021,44(1):116-125

Orosomucoid polymorphisms influence plasma drug binding in humans; however, canine variants and their effect on drug plasma protein binding have not yet been reported. In this study, the orosomucoid gene (ORM1) was sequenced in 100 dogs to identify the most common variant and its allele frequency determined in 1,464 dogs (from 64 breeds and mixed‐breed dogs). Plasma protein binding extent of amitriptyline, indinavir, verapamil, and lidocaine were evaluated by equilibrium dialysis using plasma from ORM1 genotyped dogs (n = 12). Free and total drug plasma concentrations were quantified by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. From the five polymorphisms identified in canine ORM1, two were nonsynonymous. The most common was c.70G>A (p.Ala24Thr) with an allele frequency of 11.2% (n = 1464). Variant allele frequencies varied by breed, reaching 74% in Shetland Sheepdogs (n = 21). Free drug fractions did not differ significantly (p > .05; Mann‐Whitney U) between plasma collected from dogs with c.70AA (n = 4) and those with c.70GG (n = 8) genotypes. While c.70G>A did not affect the extent of plasma protein binding in our study, the potential biological and pharmacological implication of this newly discovered ORM1 variant in dogs should be further investigated.  相似文献   

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: propagation of measles virus from brain biopsy in tissue culture   总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18  

T T Chen  I Watanabe  W Zeman  J Mealey 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1969,163(872):1193-1194

Measles virus was propagated in monolayer cultures established from brain tissue of a patient with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Syncytial cells were rendered fluorescent with measles specific antiserums only, by means of an indirect technique. The ultrastructural appearance of the microtubular aggregates was identical in brain tissue and in the cultured cells. Fusion experiments produced a cytopathic effect in humnan embryonic kidney and VERO cell cultures. The virus was identified by hemiagglutination-inhibition, but only in the supernatant of disrupted cultured cells.  相似文献   

Effect of foot paring of sheep affected with footrot on response to zinc sulphatehodium lauryl sulphate foot bathing treatment     

RH CASEY  PAJ MARTIN 《Australian veterinary journal》1988,65(8):258-259

  相似文献