SEVERE RHINOTRACHEITIS AND PNEUMONIA OF FEEDLOT CATTLE DUE TO BOVINE HERPES VIRUS TYPE 1 INFECTION     

R. J. ROGERS  I. K. McCUBBIN†  R. A. McKENZIE  Y. S. CHUNG  L. E. ROSENFELD 《Australian veterinary journal》1980,56(3):147-148

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Functional and morphological studies on blood platelets in a thrombasthenic horse     

RJ. SUTHERLAND  H. CAMBRIDGE  JR. BOLTON 《Australian veterinary journal》1989,66(11):366-370

A four-year-old Standardbred gelding presented with a 3.5 year history of intermittent epistaxis and spontaneous submucosal petechiae and ecchymoses in the nares and the mouth. Routine haematological and biochemical examinations were unremarkable. A thrombocytopathy was suspected when activated partial thromboplastin time, one stage prothrombin time, plasma fibrinogen and the platelet count were all normal. The patient's platelets failed to aggregate with serotonin, adenosine diphosphate, collagen (at 20 micrograms/ml) or the endoperoxide analogue U46619. Very high levels of collagen (100 micrograms/ml) did cause aggregation. The response to the calcium ionophore A23187 was reduced and although complete degranulation occurred the resulting aggregates were unstable. Thromboxane generation in response to collagen and ADP was inferred from the concentration of its stable metabolite thromboxane B2 and was reduced. A diagnosis of a thrombasthenia-like syndrome possibly equivalent to Type II Glanzmann's thrombasthenia in people was made.  相似文献   

Survival of platypuses in captivity     

RJ WHITTINGTON 《Australian veterinary journal》1993,70(6):234-234

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Isolation and pathogenicity of Australian strains of Eimeria praecox and Eimeria mitis   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

WK JORGENSEN  NP STEWART  PJ JESTON  JB MOLLOY  GW BLIGHT  RJ DALGLIESH 《Australian veterinary journal》1997,75(8):592-595

Objective To determine the presence of E praecox and E mitis in Australia, to isolate representative strains of these species from chickens and determine their pathogenicity.
Design Morphological, physiological and cross protection studies were undertaken to confirm the identity of Australian isolates of E praecox and E mitis.
Procedure Oocysts were isolated from a backyard flock at Jimboomba, southeastern Queensland and numbers of E praecox and E mitis enriched by passage in chickens immune to five other species of poultry Eimeria . Oocysts of mean conformation and size of the two species were purified by single oocyst passage. Two isolates that closely matched recorded parameters for E praecox and E mitis were selected and designated JP and JM respectively. The cross protection between the isolates and E acervulina was determined by infection and challenge experiments. The virulence of the two isolates was determined by comparing weight gains of groups of birds inoculated with JP isolate or JM isolate with untreated groups.
Results Isolates JP and JM most closely matched recorded parameters of E praecox and E mitis respectively. Groups of chickens, previously infected with JP and JM isolates, showed no significant protection against infection with E acervulina . In a separate trial, groups of susceptible chickens inoculated with 10⁵ oocysts of JP and JM isolates showed significantly reduced weight gains compared with untreated controls.
Conclusion Isolates JP and JM are E praecox and E mitis respectively, confirming the presence of these species in Australia. These isolates were found capable of causing significant reductions in weight gains in susceptible chickens.  相似文献   

Use of enzyme-linked immunoassays for antibody to types C and D botulinum toxins for investigations of botulism in cattle   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

AR GREGORY  TM ELLIS  TF JUBB†  RJ NICKELS‡  DV COUSINS 《Australian veterinary journal》1996,73(2):55-61

The development of specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) for antibody to types C and D Clostridium botulinum toxins for investigation of botulism in cattle is described. Partially purified type C and D toxins were used as antigens to develop these ELISAs. Specificity of the ELISAs was evaluated on sera from 333 adult beef and dairy cattle from areas with no history or evidence of botulism in animals or water birds. The test was also evaluated on sera from 41 herds that included herds vaccinated against botulism, confirmed botulism cases and herds from areas where the disease is considered endemic. The ELISAs detected the presence of antibody to botulinum toxins in samples from vaccinated cattle and both convalescent and clinically normal animals from unvaccinated herds with outbreaks of botulism. Antibody was also found in unvaccinated animals from herds in which there had been no diagnosed botulism cases in areas where botulism was considered endemic. Sera from some unvaccinated cattle with high ELISA reactivity was shown to be protective for mice in botulinum toxin neutralisation tests. The use of these tests in investigations of botulism in cattle is discussed.  相似文献   

The pharmacokinetics of dexamethasone in the Thoroughbred racehorse     

F. E. CUNNINGHAM  S. ROGERS  J. H. FISCHER  R. C. JENSEN† 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1996,19(1):68-71

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Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo is not a major cause of bovine abortion in Victoria     

RJ. CHAPPEL  BD. MILLAR  B. ADLER †  J. HILL ‡  MJ. JEFFERS  RT. JONES  CJ. McCAUGHAN  LJ. MEAD  NW. SKILBECK 《Australian veterinary journal》1989,66(10):330-333

The aim of this study was to determine whether evidence could be obtained of foetal infection with Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo in aborted foetuses collected from dairy farms. Material from 197 abortions occurring over a wide area of Victoria was collected over 3 years. None of 195 foetal kidney cultures or 7 cultures from membranes was positive for leptospiral organisms. Immunogold silver staining for leptospires was performed on sections of kidneys, lungs or heart from 156 foetuses, with negative results. Evidence of transient leptospiral infection in 11 of 123 foetuses was obtained by foetal heart blood serology. Two isolates of L. interrogans serovar hardjo were obtained from the urine of milking cows. These strains were examined by restriction endonuclease analysis and both were shown to be of the genotype Hardjobovis, as have been all Australian isolates studied so far. It appears that foetal infection with serovar hardjo is not associated with any substantial proportion of bovine abortions in Victoria, in contrast to the situation in Northern Ireland. The apparent absence from Victoria of the pathogenic genotype Hardjoprajitno is a possible explanation.  相似文献   

The survival of platypuses in captivity     

RJ WHITTINGTON 《Australian veterinary journal》1991,68(1):32-35

Data are presented on the duration of survival of 228 platypuses at six Australian zoos between 1934 and 1988. Only 22.4% of all platypuses survived more than 1 year in captivity. Of 15 living platypuses, 3 had been held in captivity for less than 1 year, 5 for between 1 and 5 years, 6 for between 5 and 10 years and 1 for 21 years. Of 213 platypuses that died in captivity, 81.7% had died within 1 year; most within the first month. The duration of survival was unrelated to the age of animals at acquisition or to sex. The survival rate of animals donated to zoos, including "refugees", was similar to that of purpose-caught animals. Clearly, only a small proportion of platypuses adapted to captive husbandry. The cause of death of most platypuses was not established. However, infectious disease did not appear to be significant. Approximately 28% of deaths were related to inadequate husbandry. Recommendations are made to improve the survival of platypuses in captivity. Research has commenced in zoos to facilitate this goal.  相似文献   

Comparative effects of abamectin and two formulations of ivermectin on the survival of larvae of a dung-breeding fly     

KG WARDHAUGH  RJ MAHON 《Australian veterinary journal》1998,76(4):270-272

Objectives To compare the survival of larvae of a dung-breeding fly in the faeces of cattle treated either with an injectable formulation of abamectin, or with oral or injectable formulations of ivermectin.
Design Replicated bioassays were conducted on larvae of the bush fly, Musca vetustissima, using faeces collected before and at intervals after drug treatment.
Animals Two cows and their calves were allocated to each of three drug treatments and dosed according to individual weights.
Procedures Differences in the proportions of larvae pupariating were used as measures of the toxicity of drug residues.
Results Development of fly larvae was inhibited in all faeces collected 1 to 4 days after treatment. In cattle treated with oral ivermectin, there was reduced larval survival in faeces collected 8 and 16 days after treatment, but by day 32, survival was equivalent to that recorded in the faeces of untreated cattle. With injectable ivermectin, there was no survival at day 8, limited survival at day 16 and, at day 32, survival was not significantly affected. With injectable abamectin, survival was completely suppressed until day 32, at which time the number of pupariating larvae did not differ significantly from that recorded in faeces from untreated animals.
Conclusion The oral formulation of ivermectin is eliminated more rapidly than the injectable formulation and, as a consequence, is likely to be less harmful to dung-feeding insects. Abamectin and ivermectin appear to equally toxic larvae of M vetustissima.  相似文献   

Effectiveness of Gudair™ vaccine for the control of ovine Johne's disease in flocks vaccinating for at least 5 years     

PA Windsor  J Eppleston  NK Dhand  RJ Whittington 《Australian veterinary journal》2014,92(7):263-268

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