Invasive Chinese pond mussel Sinanodonta woodiana threatens native mussel reproduction by inducing cross‐resistance of host fish          下载免费PDF全文

Seth W. Donrovich  Karel Douda  Věra Plechingerová  Kateřina Rylková  Pavel Horký  Ondřej Slavík  Huan‐Zhang Liu  Martin Reichard  Manuel Lopes‐Lima  Ronaldo Sousa 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2017,27(6):1325-1333

Assessment of induction and recovery times of anaesthesia in Astyanax bimaculatus using 2‐phenoxyethanol and the essential oils of Melaleuca alternifolia and Ocimum gratissimum     

Eduardo da Silva  Manuel Aldegunde  Deivisson Ferreira da Silva  Carlize Lopes  Fabiano Cleber Bertoldi  Robilson Antnio Weber 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(2):577-583

This study aimed to determine the lowest effective concentration (LEC) of 2‐phenoxyethanol (2‐Phe) and essential oils (EOs) of Melaleuca alternifolia and Ocimum gratissimum able to induce anaesthesia in Astyanax bimaculatus. LEC was assumed to be the required concentration to carry out anaesthesia in less than 3 min with recovery in <5 min and sufficient to carry out routine aquaculture procedures. The following concentrations were tested: 2‐Phe (100, 200, 300, 400, 500 and 600 µl/L); M. alternifolia (200, 300, 400, 500 and 600 µl/L); and O. gratissimum (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 100, 150, 250 and 300 µl/L). Results show that all three agents evaluated have effective anaesthetic properties for use in Astyanax bimaculatus with LEC for 2‐Phe, M. alternifolia and O. gratissimum of 200, 300 and 60 µl/L respectively.  相似文献   

Dietary organic acids blend alone or in combination with an essential oil on the survival,growth, gut/liver structure and de hemato‐immunological in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus     

Kennya Gomes Silva Addam  Scheila Anelise Pereira  Gabriel Fernandes Alves Jesus  Lucas Cardoso  Nichola Syracuse  Gustavo Ruschel Lopes  Nicollas Breda Lehmann  Bruno Correa da Silva  Lúvia Souza de S  Francisco Clio Maia Chaves  Maurício Latera Martins  Jos Luiz Pedreira Mourio 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(10):2960-2971

This study evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation of organic acids blend (OAB) alone or in combination with essential oil, Lippia origanoides (OAE) for Nile tilapia fed supplemented diets for 30 days. Fish (1.1 ± 0.04 g) were fed control (Control), or OAB 0.5% or OAB 0.5% + essential oil 0.125% (OAE) respectively. At the end of the experiment, samples were collected for de hemato‐immunological, histological analysis of the intestine and liver, as well as microbiology of the intestine. The pH of the diets supplemented with OAB and OAE reduced 0.92 and 0.19 respectively. The growth and FCR were unaffected by the treatments, but survival was significantly higher in the OAB treatment. Fish fed the OAB diet showed reduced concentration of total heterotrophic bacteria and Pseudomonas sp. in the intestine. Increased glucose in fish fed OAB and high number of circulating monocytes in fish fed OAE diet were observed. The anterior intestine of fish fed OAE diet showed larger number of goblet cells and increased villi height. The diet supplemented with OAB, mainly, improved the intestinal health and survival of tilapia juveniles and can be used in juvenile production.  相似文献   

Effects of an Enterococcus faecium‐based probiotic on growth performance and health of Pirarucu,Arapaima gigas     

Natalino da Costa Sousa  Mrcia Valria Silva do Couto  Higo Andrade Abe  Peterson Emmanuel Guimares Paixo  Carlos Alberto Martins Cordeiro  Emilly Monteiro Lopes  Jonathan Stuart Ready  Gabriel Fernandes Alves Jesus  Mauricio Latera Martins  Jos Luiz Pereira Mourio  Paulo Csar Falanghe Carneiro  Alexandre Nizio Maria  Rodrigo Yudi Fujimoto 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(12):3720-3728

Intensive fish farming has resulted in an increased concern for disease outbreaks. Probiotic use is one of the strategies being developed to improve fish health and productivity. Measures of probiotic colonization, growth performance, haematological characteristics and parasite load were used to evaluate the effect of diets supplemented with Enterococcus faecium on growth and health of Arapaima gigas juveniles. A completely randomized design with four treatments (diet with E. faecium at 1 × 10⁶ CFU/g and 1 × 10⁸ CFU/g, control diet and diet with the culture medium MRS) and three replicates was used. Ninety‐six Arapaima juveniles were distributed in 12 cages fed with the specified diet for 68 days. Colonization of the intestinal tract by lactic acid bacteria reduced the total number of heterotrophic bacteria in fish fed with probiotics compared to controls. Fish fed a supplemented diet containing 1 × 10⁸ CFU/g presented higher values of weight gain, survival and fish growth uniformity, and lower values of feed conversion ratio. The prevalence of Trichodina sp. could have affected the survival of fish in the control group. Reduction in parasite load and an increase in haematocrit, the number of erythrocytes, thrombocytes, neutrophils and monocytes were also observed in fish fed the diet containing 1 × 10⁸ CFU/g. Enterococcus faecium presented a probiotic effect in A. gigas juveniles and can be recommended for use at a concentration of 1 × 10⁸ CFU/g to modify the gut microbiota, improve growth performance and haematology and reduce parasitic load.  相似文献   

Ecosystem‐based management of Amazon fisheries and wetlands     

Michael Goulding  Eduardo Venticinque  Mauro L. de B. Ribeiro  Ronaldo B. Barthem  Rosseval G. Leite  Bruce Forsberg  Paulo Petry  Urbano Lopes da Silva‐Júnior  Polliana Santos Ferraz  Carlos Caas 《Fish and Fisheries》2019,20(1):138-158

Infrastructure development and overfishing in the Amazon make it imperative to define adequate scales for the ecosystem‐based management of commercial fisheries and the wetlands on which they depend. We mapped fisheries and fish ecology data from Brazil, Peru, Bolivia and Colombia to an explicit GIS framework of river basins and mainstems. Migratory species account for more than 80% of the known maximum catches of commercial fisheries across the Amazon. Of these migratory species, we nominated six long‐distance migratory fish taxa as flagship species to define the two main commercial fishery regions. The migrations of at least one goliath catfish species define a large‐scale longitudinal link joining the Andes, Amazon Lowlands and Amazon River estuary. Migratory Characiforms demonstrate interbasin wetland connectivity between nutrient‐rich and nutrient‐poor rivers over at least 2 million km², or about one‐third of the Amazon Basin. We show that flooded forest area is the most important wetland variable explaining regional variations in migratory characiforme biomass as indicated by maximum annual fishery catches. The sustainable management of Amazon fisheries will require transnational cooperation and a paradigm shift from local community management alone to a more integrated approach that considers both rural and urban consumers and challenges, and the realistic life histories of migratory species.  相似文献   

Spinosad‐mediated effects on the walking ability,midgut, and Malpighian tubules of Africanized honey bee workers          下载免费PDF全文

Marcos Pereira Lopes  Kenner Morais Fernandes  Hudson Vaner Ventura Tomé  Wagner Gonzaga Gonçalves  Franciane Rosa Miranda  José Eduardo Serrão  Gustavo Ferreira Martins 《Pest management science》2018,74(6):1311-1318

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Light and plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria effects on Brachiaria brizantha growth and phenotypic plasticity to shade          下载免费PDF全文

M. J. S. Lopes  M. B. Dias‐Filho  T. H. R. Castro  G. B. Silva 《Grass and Forage Science》2018,73(2):493-499

This is the first report on the effect of light intensity and plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on the growth of a tropical forage grass, being a relevant study to improve pasture management in conventional farming and integrated crop‐livestock‐forestry systems. In this study, our aim was to evaluate the effects of light intensity and Burkholderia pyrrocinia and Pseudomonas fluorescens inoculation on Brachiaria brizantha cv. BRS Piatã growth, and phenotypic plasticity to shade. The experiment was conducted in a semi‐controlled environment. Seedlings of B. brizantha were allocated to full sun and shade. P. fluorescens and B. pyrrocinia were inoculated individually or co‐inoculated by soil drench, 14 days after seedling emergence. We evaluated morphogenesis, structural and growth parameters. Irrespective of the light regime, co‐inoculated plants had greater leaf area and SPAD index (chlorophyll content). Increase in total biomass production in co‐inoculated plants was over 100% and 300%, under full sun and shade respectively. Co‐inoculated P. fluorescens and B. pyrrocinia increased shade tolerance in B. brizantha, improving plant performance. Co‐inoculation promoted growth in B. brizantha under both sun and shade, indicating its potential as a bio‐fertilizer in conventional and integrated systems, especially in silvopastoral systems, where light availability to pasture growth may be limited.  相似文献   

Near infrared spectroscopy as a tool for intensive mapping of vineyards soil     

M. Lopo  C. A. Teixeira dos Santos  R. N. M. J. Páscoa  A. R. Graça  João A. Lopes 《Precision Agriculture》2018,19(3):445-462

The wine industry has always been particularly interested in the influence of the terroir characteristics on the features of a wine. Over the past few years, a growing interest has spurred on the mechanisms by which a particular soil influences the vine’s growth, grape variety characteristics and ultimately wine quality. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a rapid, non-destructive, low-cost and robust analytical method for chemical and physical property determination. Its use for soil characterization, discrimination and compound determination is rapidly increasing. In this work, NIRS data were collected in two vineyards, one in the Dão Wine Region (centre of Portugal) and one in the Vinhos Verdes Wine Region (North of Portugal) previously characterized in terms of soils. Wet, dried and dried-ground soil samples collected from specific vineyard locations were scanned on a Fourier-transform near infrared spectrometer (FTLA 2000, ABB, Quebec, Canada) in diffuse reflectance mode. Spectra were analysed with chemometric tools, namely principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Results revealed that dried, ground soil samples gave better results, but not substantially so when compared with wet or dried samples. Discriminant models showed that the NIRS method is able to discriminate the different vineyard soil types, reproducing very accurately the mapping generated by pedology methods. Variations within the same soil type (present at different locations in the vineyard) were also detected by NIRS. The NIRS technology was shown to be suitable for correlating, complementing and perhaps eventually replacing costly, time-consuming vineyard soil mapping methods.  相似文献   

Digestive enzyme activity in the intestine of Nile tilapia (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Oreochromis niloticus</Emphasis> L.) under pond and cage farming systems     

Juliana Ferreira Santos  Karollina Lopes Siqueira Soares  Caio Rodrigo Dias Assis  Carlos Augusto Martins Guerra  Daniel Lemos  Luiz Bezerra CarvalhoJr.  Ranilson Souza Bezerra 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2016,42(5):1259-1274

The effect of different farming systems (cage, pond) upon digestive enzyme activities of Nile tilapia was evaluated. Juvenile Nile tilapia (87.61 ± 1.52 g) were simultaneously cultured in pond and cage systems during 90 days. Cages used nutritional biphasic plan (35 and 32 % crude protein—CP feeds) and ponds used nutritional triphasic plan (35, 32 and 28 % CP feeds). Biometric measurements were monthly performed for adjustments in feeding regimes and removal of intestine tissues to evaluate the performance of enzyme activities. Total proteolytic, amylase and lipase activities were not statistically different between the treatments throughout the periods analyzed (31, 63 and 94 days of culture). However, trypsin and chymotrypsin activities were higher with 31 and 63 days of culture in fish from pond system, suggesting that natural food may have influenced these activities. A positive correlation was observed between the recommended concentration of essential amino acids for Nile tilapia and specific aminopeptidases activity in fish cage system. Substrate–SDS–PAGE revealed 12 active proteolytic bands in both systems. However, integrated density (ID) values were higher in the bands of ponds. Specimens of either cage or pond exhibited five bands of amylolytic activity. Fish from cage and pond systems showed the highest values of ID within 31 days of cultivation. In this study, the complexity of digestive functions could be verified for animals maintained under commercial conditions. Some of the assessed enzymes may show adaptations of their activities and/or expression that allow the fish to achieve a more efficient nutrient assimilation.  相似文献   

Study of Analytical Techniques to Determine Chlorpyrifos in the Surface Waterways of the Rural Zone of Ouro Branco,Brazil: A Case Study     

Taciana Maria da Silveira  Renata Domingos Alves  Maria Eliana Lopes Ribeiro de Queiroz  Antônio Augusto Neves  Maurício Xavier Coutrim  Robson José de Cássia Franco Afonso  Gilmare Antônia da Silva 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2016,227(9):335

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