Persistence of metalaxyl and mancozeb on potato leaves and their residues in tubers     

Wani AA  Rewal HS  Sahoo S  Singh B  Bhat JA 《Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS》2012,15(1):44-48

The persistence of fungicides on two commercial cultivars of potato was determined under field conditions at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab. Initial deposits of mancozeb on potato leaves were found to be 26.9 and 38.7 mg kg(-1), following application of ready mixture of fungicide metalaxyl 8% + mancozeb 64% (Ridomil MZ) at the rate of 1260 and 2520 g a.i. ha(-1), whereas metalaxyl residues were found to be 35.1 and 49.5 mg kg(-1), respectively. The residue level of mancozeb in potato leaves 15 days after application at single and double doze were 19.0 and 27.0 mg kg(-1) showing a loss of 29.6 and 30.3%, whereas the values for metalaxyl at single and double doze were 0.40 and 0.80 mg kg(-1) showing a loss of 98.9 and 98.4%, respectively. Residues of mancozeb and metalaxyl were not detected at 0.04 and 0.02 mg kg(-1) level in potato tubers at harvest (PHI = 53 days) at both the dosages, respectively. The persistence and dissipation of mancozeb with the application of Ridomil MZ followed similar trend as in Indofil M-45. The rate of fungicide dissipation increased with time after application in both the potato cultivars 'Kufri Chandramukhi' and 'Chipsona'. No significant difference was observed on initial deposit, persistence and dissipation of the two molecules between the two potato cultivars.  相似文献   

Effect of mercerization on mechanical, thermal and degradation characteristics of jute fabric-reinforced polypropylene composites     

Jahangir A. Khan  Mubarak A. Khan  Rabiul Islam 《Fibers and Polymers》2012,13(10):1300-1309

Jute fabric reinforced polypropylene composites were fabricated by compression molding technique. Fiber content in the composites was optimized at 45 % by weight of fiber by evaluating the mechanical parameters such as tensile strength, tensile modulus, bending strength, bending modulus. Surface treatment of jute fabrics was carried out by mercerizing jute fabrics with aqueous solutions of NaOH (5, 10 and 20 %) at different soaking times (30, 60 and 90 mins) and temperatures (0, 30 and 70 °C). The effect of mercerization on weight and dimension of jute fabrics was studied. Mechanical properties of mercerized jute-PP composites were measured and found highest at 20 % NaOH at 0 °C for 60 min soaking time. Thermal analytical data from thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis showed that mercerized jute-PP composite achieved higher thermal stability compared to PP, jute fabrics and control composite. Degradation characteristics of the composites were studied in soil, water and simulated weathering conditions. Water uptake of the composites was also investigated.  相似文献   

Technical efficiency in tilapia farming of Bangladesh: a stochastic frontier production approach     

Md. Ferdous Alam  Md. Akhtaruzzaman Khan  A. S. M. Anwarul Huq 《Aquaculture International》2012,20(4):619-634

Genetically improved farmed tilapia is increasingly getting popular in Bangladesh. It has high production potential. Its dominant production technology ranges from extensive to improved extensive particularly in the rural areas. This study estimates levels and determinants of farm-level technical efficiency of tilapia farmers of Bangladesh using stochastic frontier production function involving a model for technical inefficiency effects. Data from fifty tilapia farmers of Jessore district are used in the analysis. The mean technical efficiency level of the tilapia farmers is 78%, and thus, the farmers operate 22% below the frontier production. Inefficiency effect is significant, and age, education, income, culture length, pond age, pond depth, water colour and pond tenure, as a group, are significant determinants of technical inefficiency. By operating at full technical efficiency levels, tilapia yield can be improved from the current level of 7.36–8.96?tons per hectare. The decision to add or not to add inputs is sometimes taken arbitrarily and not based on technology requirement. There is a lack of understanding of the technology practices. Fisheries extension efforts are required for proper understanding of the technology practices, further adoption and spread. For promotion of tilapia production, quality feed and seed at affordable price needs to be ensured.  相似文献   

Analysis of rice RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 6 (OsRDR6) gene in response to viral,bacterial and fungal pathogens     

S. G. Wagh  M. M. Alam  K. Kobayashi  T. Yaeno  N. Yamaoka  T. Toriba  H.-Y. Hirano  M. Nishiguchi 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2016,82(1):12-17

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Nitrogen transformation and carbon sequestration in wetland paddy field of Bangladesh     

Alam  Md. Ashraful  Rahman  Md. Mizanur  Biswas  Jatish Chandra  Akhter  Sohela  Maniruzzaman  M.  Choudhury  Apurba Kanti  Jahan  M. Abu Hena Sorwar  Miah  Md. Main Uddin  Sen  Ranjit  Kamal  M. Zia Uddin  Mannan  Md. Abdul  Shiragi  Humayun Kabir  Kabir  Wais  Kalra  Naveen 《Paddy and Water Environment》2019,17(4):677-688

Paddy and Water Environment - Rice-based cropping systems in Bangladesh have received little consideration of changing nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) in soil. Therefore, this study was conducted at...  相似文献   

Antibody Prevalence and Risk Factors for Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Women from Multan,Pakistan          下载免费PDF全文

M. M. Nazir  M. Akhtar  A. Maqbool  A. Waheed  M. A. Sajid  M. A. Ali  M. Oneeb  M. A. Alam  A. N. Ahmad  N. Nazir  S. Fatima  D. S. Lindsay 《Zoonoses and public health》2017,64(7):537-542

Toxoplasma gondii infections are prevalent in humans and warm‐blooded animals. Maternal infections during pregnancy may have devastating consequences for transplacentally infected neonates. This study was conducted to examine the seroprevalence of antibodies to T. gondii in pregnant women of childbearing age and determine risk factors associated with pregnancy history, pet ownership, social and cultural factors at Nishtar Hospital, Multan. Samples were collected from 403 women and examined using a commercially available enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The overall prevalence of antibodies to T. gondii was 17.6% (71) in the 403 samples collected from women. Antibodies to T. gondii were present in 19.4% (45) of 232 pregnant women and 15.2% (26) of the samples from 171 non‐pregnant women. This study identified miscarriage history, pet ownership, type of residence, marital status, source of drinking water and eating habits as significant (P < 0.05) risk factors associated with the presence of antibodies to T. gondii infection. Seroprevalence was not significantly different (P > 0.05) in women from different ethnic groups based upon lifestyle and culture.  相似文献   

Assaying the allelopathic effects of Eucalyptus camaldulensis in a nursery bed incorporated with leaf litter     

Romel Ahmed  Mohammad Shafioul Alam  Farid Uddin Ahmed  M.K.Hossain 《林业研究》2018,(3)

Allelopathic effects of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. were confirmed in Petri dish and pot experiments in our previous studies. However, the degree to which such effects under controlled experiments exist in more complex ecological settings remains to be tested. Thus, the present study was carried out by incorporating different proportions of ground litter of E. camaldulensis in soil. The growth of three agricultural crops: falen(Vigna unguiculata(L.) Walp.), chickpea(Cicer arietinum L.), and arhor(Cajanus cajan(L.) Millsp.), and two tree species, kala koroi(Albizia procera(Roxb.) Benth.) and ipil ipil(Leucaena leucocephala(Lam.) de Wit) were tested. There were inhibitory effects of leaf litter on germination, shoot and root growth, leaf number, and collar diameter as well as a reduction of nodulation by legume crops(25–80%reduction). The extent of the effects was dependent on the proportion of leaf litter, the species and the type of traits. In contrast to shoot growth, the effect on root growth was more severe. No effect on germination was found with the agriculture crops while the two tree species showed reduced germination. The effect was greater in the presence of higher proportions of leaf litter mixed in soil while in some cases lower proportions stimulated growth. Not all species were suppressed; A. procera, C. cajan, V. unguiculata showed compatible growth while C. arietinum and L.leucocephala were found incompatible. This study provides evidence that E. camaldulensis has allelopathic potential under field conditions and a careful selection of associated crops in agroforestry systems is highly recommended.  相似文献   

An unusual mortality event in Johnstone River snapping turtles Elseya irwini (Johnstone) in Far North Queensland,Australia          下载免费PDF全文

E Ariel  AB Freeman  E Elliott  W Wirth  N Mashkour  J Scott 《Australian veterinary journal》2017,95(10):355-361

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Breeding for drought tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.): constraints and future prospects     

Mueen Alam Khan  Muhammad Iqbal 《Frontiers of Agriculture in China》2011,5(1):31-34

This review article is based on different aspects of wheat breeding for drought tolerance. Drought is regarded as one of the most serious threats to agriculture in Pakistan. Therefore, breeding for drought tolerance must be given top priority. Here, we try to study various options available to wheat breeders exploring the underlying mechanisms of drought tolerance. The progress made in conventional and non-conventional (molecular) based approaches with potential findings and constraints are reviewed in this article. Equipped with such information, it will be possible for breeders to further explore the mysteries of drought tolerance and to select genotypes with an improved yield under water-deficit conditions.  相似文献   

Morphological and Genetical Variability among Rhizoctonia solani Isolates Causing Sheath Blight Disease of Rice     

Rahman Moni Zakiah  Ansar Ali Md  Shahidul Alam Md  Asif Rahman Md  Rejwan Bhuiyan Md  Salim Mian Md  Md Iftekharuddaula Khandakar  Abdul Latif Md  Ashik Iqbal Khan Mohammad 《水稻科学》2016,23(1):42

Eighteen isolates of Rhizoctonia solani collected from infected rice plants in four different locations of Bangladesh were studied by using morphological characters and molecular markers. Anastomosis study with a reference isolate confirmed that all the isolates belonged to R. solani. Significant variation was observed in sclerotial size, shape and distribution. Un-weighted pair group method with arithmetic mean dendrogram constructed based on the Gower's general similarity coefficient showed that these isolates were grouped into four clusters at the 0.68 similarity coefficent according to morphological characters. Cluster I was a major cluster consisting of 13 isolates, while clusters Ⅱ to Ⅳ consisted of 1 or 2 isolates. Analyses by variable number of tandem repeat and amplified fragment length polymorphism markers showed that the isolates were grouped into five and three clusters at a similarity coefficient of 0.64 and 0.69, respectively. Although most of the variability was found between isolates from different regions as expected, significant variation was observed within the isolates collected from similar agro-ecological regions. Our results suggest the presence of different races of R. solani within the same local geographic regions.  相似文献