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11.
Neospora caninum is a parasite responsible for paresis in dogs. The dog can harbour enkysted parasites in several organs. The detection of N. caninum was performed using 3 different real time PCR systems all amplifying the NC5 DNA region. One system was based on Sybrgreen, one on Plexor technology and the last on Taqman probe. Comparison of the three methods indicated that the detection limit was 1 equivalent genome on pure DNA but that this detection limit increased in the presence of foreign DNA using the Sybrgreen and Plexor systems. Therefore, the Taqman system was chosen to detect N. caninum in liver and spleen of naturally infected dogs. The overall prevalence was 32.2%. Comparison between PCR results and serological results using IFAT showed that among the 28 PCR positive dogs only 9 were seropositive and that 8 seropositive dogs were PCR negative. Therefore serology can underestimate the real carriage in dogs. However, PCR methods must be improved in terms of sensitivity and inhibition problems. 相似文献
12.
Moulay Chrif Smaili Lahcen El Ghadraoui Fatima Gaboun Rachid Benkirane Abdelali Blenzar 《Phytoparasitica》2014,42(3):421-436
Aphid control in Moroccan citrus orchards is based mainly on carbamate and neonicotinoid sprays, especially methomyl and imidacloprid. The extensive use of these insecticides may have side effects on natural enemies and environment quality and raises human health concerns. This research aimed to assess the control of aphids with insecticidal soap, kaolin and augmentative biological control using the indigenous predator Adalia decempunctata L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). The insecticides were applied and the predators were released in April 2009 and 2010. Under field experimentation, the methomyl and imidacloprid foliar pulverization were very effective against aphids. In contrast, the insecticidal soap and kaolin application were less efficient while A. decempunctata adults were effective only in the first week after release. The side effects on beneficial insects were also assessed and discussed. The possibility of employing A. decempunctata in an integrated pest management package in citrus groves is discussed in relation to effectiveness and side effects on beneficial arthropods. 相似文献
13.
Karima Bouhafa Lhoussaine Moughli Rachid Bouabid Ahmed Douaik Youness Taarabt 《Journal of plant nutrition》2018,41(8):956-968
The study aims to track the dynamics of the olive leaf nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) for five olive varieties under drip irrigation in farmer's fields in central Morocco. Leaf sampling was done every month from May 2014 to April 2015. Leaf macronutrients contents showed variation over time. Olive leaves have maintained the same N content throughout the study period indicating a continuing olive uptake of nitrogen. Higher leaf P absorption was observed during flowering and fruit magnification periods indicating the important P needs of olive during these periods. Olive leaf K levels were higher from September to December indicating the high K needs of olive. No variety effect was revealed on the leaf N, P and K contents. Very highly significant differences were found between the leaf N and K levels measured at different sampling periods. The leaf P concentration was statistically equal in all measuring periods. 相似文献
14.
Host differentiation and variability of Orobanche crenata populations from legume species in Morocco as revealed by cross‐infestation and molecular analysis 
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R Bel-Rhlid N Pagé-Zoerkler R Fumeaux T Ho-Dac JY Chuat JL Sauvageat T Raab 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(36):9236-9241
Chicoric acid (ChA) and caftaric acid (CafA) were identified as bioactive components of chicory and have been ascribed a number of health benefits. This study investigated the hydrolysis of ChA and CafA with enzymes and a probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus johnsonii (La1). Esterase from Aspergillus japonicus (24 U/mg) hydrolyzed 100% of ChA (5 mM) and CafA (5 mM) after 3 h, at pH 7.0 and 37 °C. Under the same reaction conditions, 100% hydrolysis of ChA and CafA was achieved with a spray-dried preparation of La1. The addition of La1 (100 mg/mL, 3.3 E9 cfu/g) to CafA solution in a gastrointestinal model (GI model) resulted in 65% hydrolysis of CafA. This model simulates the physicochemical conditions of the human gastrointestinal tract. No hydrolysis of CafA was observed after passage through the GI model in the absence of La1. The results of this study support the hypothesis that ChA and CafA are degraded by gut microflora before absorption and metabolization. 相似文献
16.
Romisa Asadi Rachid Elaini Renaud Lacroix Thomas Ant Amandine Collado Lucy Finnegan 《国际虫害防治杂志》2020,66(2):182-193
AbstractThe Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata, (Medfly) is considered a key pest of citrus fruit in many countries. Integrated pest management (IPM) approaches are frequently highly dependent on the use of insecticides. Oxitec’s self-limiting (prevents the insects’ offspring from surviving to adulthood) Medfly technology (OX3864A) offers an approach to manage Medfly outbreaks and may offer improved sustainability and economics for area-wide programmes. Netted cages were used to evaluate OX3864A deployed for the first time outdoors as a preventative treatment to suppress wild Medfly. Comparative assessments examined sexual competitiveness, the relative performance of OX3864A releases at both adult and pupal life-stages, and the ability of OX3864A to protect against fruit damage. OX3864A males are as competitive as wild males. Deployment of both adult and pupal life-stages of OX3864A effectively reduce Medfly abundance, resulting in elimination of the target pest populations. OX3864A deployment as adults also demonstrated the beneficial attribute of protecting fruit quality to preserve marketable yield. Data for adult and pupal deployment strategies are encouraging for self-limiting technologies targeting Medfly populations and support a broader evaluation of OX3864A Medfly or further improved self-liming Oxitec strains of Medfly in open settings. 相似文献
17.
Moutik Sana Lakram Nazha Bendaou Mohammed Maadoudi El Haj Kabbour Mohammed Rachid Douaik Ahmed Zouahri Abdelmajid El Housni Abdellah Es-Safi Nour Eddine 《Tropical animal health and production》2019,51(8):2437-2445
Tropical Animal Health and Production - The objective of this work was to study the effect of the incorporation of argane by-products (meal and pulp) in ewe’s diet on the production and... 相似文献
18.
Benoît Pisanu Karine Laroucau Rachid Aaziz Fabien Vorimore Ariane Le Gros Jean-Louis Chapuis Philippe Clergeau 《Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine》2018,27(2):68-74
The crossing of host species barriers, through the spreading populations of introduced pet animals that become established in the wild, sets the stage for zoonotic pathogen (re)emergence. A literature review on pathogens that are hosted by the ring-necked parakeet (Psittacula krameri), a worldwide introduced pet, highlighted local infections of captive birds by chlamydial agents with high sanitary risk for human health in its introduced range. We searched for these pathogens through cloacal swabs collected from 85 individuals in an invasive population established in the suburban areas of Paris (Ile-de-France) from 5 localities during the winter seasons between 2011 and 2014. Based on quantitative PCR analysis, Chlamydiaceae shedding was detected at too low levels for species identification in 5 birds, but 1 parakeet (found dead) was positive for Chlamydiaceae typed as Chlamydia avium. The only known hosts recorded for C. avium in Europe are feral pigeons (Columba livia) and captive psittacines. This result raises the question of the sanitary risks associated with new pathogen transmission from exotic pets released in the wild, which could locally affect birds and potentially people who feed birds. 相似文献
19.
Betzig E Patterson GH Sougrat R Lindwasser OW Olenych S Bonifacino JS Davidson MW Lippincott-Schwartz J Hess HF 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,313(5793):1642-1645
We introduce a method for optically imaging intracellular proteins at nanometer spatial resolution. Numerous sparse subsets of photoactivatable fluorescent protein molecules were activated, localized (to approximately 2 to 25 nanometers), and then bleached. The aggregate position information from all subsets was then assembled into a superresolution image. We used this method--termed photoactivated localization microscopy--to image specific target proteins in thin sections of lysosomes and mitochondria; in fixed whole cells, we imaged vinculin at focal adhesions, actin within a lamellipodium, and the distribution of the retroviral protein Gag at the plasma membrane. 相似文献
20.
Sraïri MT Kiade N Lyoubi R Messad S Faye B 《Tropical animal health and production》2009,41(5):835-843
Multivariate analyses were used to compare dairy production practices and their consequences on milk yield and profitability
in cattle farms from two representative regions of Morocco. A regular follow-up of 118 farms (48 in the Rabat-Salé suburban
belt and 70 in the Gharb irrigated perimeter) was undertaken to obtain accurate data. Results show significant differences
between the two regions. Intensive milk production was more frequent in the suburban zone (more concentrates and better annual
milk yield per cow). When conducting a “within-region” principal components analysis, farms’ discrimination appeared to take
into account all management variables (feeding, cattle sales, profitability), with no reference to farms’ structural parameters
(arable land and number of cattle). A typology of farms was then established using cluster analysis, with 4 distinct groups,
namely: a) concentrates wasters, b) farms with a relatively important milk yield per cow, c) deficit dairy farms and d) beef oriented farms. The last group included almost exclusively farms from the irrigated perimeter (5 out of 7). These results
indicate that dairy production promotion in Morocco requires more than just the intensification of forage production, but
should focus also on improving management practices. The extension of complete and balanced dairy rations is urgently needed
to enhance milk yield and profitability. 相似文献