Effects of experimental exposure to zearalenone on reproductive system morphometry,plasma oestrogen levels,and oocyte quality of beef heifer     

Lucas de Almeida Silva  Marco Roberto Bourg de Mello  Danielle de Oliveira Pião  Lara Nogueira Silenciato  Thays Cristina Oliveira de Quadros  Alexandre Henryli de Souza  Rondineli Pavezzi Barbero 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2021,56(5):775-782

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of zearalenone (ZEA) on the reproductive system morphometry, oestrogen (E2) levels and oocyte quality of beef heifers. Twenty non-pregnant purebred Nellore (Bos indicus) heifers [age, ≥18 months; initial body weight, 348 ± 30 kg (mean ± standard deviation)] were used. The animals were randomly divided into experimental group and a control group of 10 animals each. Group experimental was administered 300 ppb ZEA per os for 98 days, and the control group was administered placebo per os for 98 days. The administration of ZEA was carried out daily by adding mycotoxin to the diet. All heifers were evaluated weekly via rectal ultrasound examinations (12 weeks). Diameters of the right and left uterine horns, right and left ovaries, largest antral follicle and corpus luteum were measured. Vulva size was also measured. Blood samples were collected to estimate E2 levels. At the end of 12 weeks, the heifers were slaughtered, and the ovaries were sent to the laboratory for in vitro embryo production. A completely randomized design was adopted, and repeated measures analysis of variance (p < .05) was performed (except for oocyte quality). Vulva size (p = .0985); diameters of uterine horns (p = .0522), ovaries (p = .6955), antral follicles (p = .6355) and corpus luteum (p = .3808); and E2 levels (p = .3379) were not affected by the treatments. ZEA-contaminated diet significantly reduced (p = .05) the proportion of viable oocytes (49.4%, n = 207) compared with the control diet (59.9%, n = 222); however, the blastocyst rate did not differ between the groups (p = .9418). The results indicate that contamination of beef heifer's diet with 300 ppb ZEA affected neither morphometric parameters nor plasma oestrogen levels; however, ZEA contamination was detrimental to oocyte quality.  相似文献   

Classification and class-modeling of "Riviera Ligure" extra-virgin olive oil using chemical-physical parameters     

Boggia R  Zunin P  Lanteri S  Rossi N  Evangelisti F 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(8):2444-2449

The Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) "Riviera Ligure" for extra-virgin olive oils from Liguria specifies three additional geographical mentions corresponding to three different geographical areas. To obtain a complete characterization of this typical Italian product, 217 samples of olive oils produced in this North Italian region during 1998/99 and 1999/2000 were analyzed. For each sample 31 variables were determined by chemical-physical analyses, and the data were subjected to a multivariate statistical analysis. For the 1998/99 crop, characterized by favorable climatic conditions, class-models of the three geographical areas were obtained with good predictive ability, also considering the influence of the month of olive harvesting. The oil samples from the 1999/2000 crop were similarly studied, but bad climatic conditions and a widespread Dacus oleae infestation leveled out the peculiar features of the oils produced in the three areas.  相似文献   

Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric habronemosis in horses     

Traversa D  Iorio R  Capelli G  Paoletti B  Bartolini R  Otranto D  Giangaspero A 《Veterinary parasitology》2006,141(3-4):285-290

Gastric habronemosis of horses caused by Habronema microstoma and Habronema muscae (Nematoda, Spirurida) is characterized by catarrhal gastritis, diarrhoea, progressive weight loss and ulcers. Despite its importance in the equine industry and in clinical practice, knowledge of the epidemiology of this infection is still incomplete as diagnosis in live animals is challenging. A two-step semi-nested PCR assay using ribosomal DNA (rDNA) markers has recently been used for the molecular diagnosis in vivo of gastric habronemosis based on the detection of H. microstoma and/or H. muscae DNA in equine faeces. To evaluate the field efficacy of this assay, a molecular epidemiological survey was carried out on equid gastric habronemosis in central Italy. One hundred and fifty-three individual faecal samples were collected from live native horses and subjected to both coprological examination and the two-step semi-nested PCR. When flotation procedures were performed no horse tested positive for Habronema spp. larvated eggs while 96 animals (61.2%) were positive for other endoparasites (i.e. strongyles, oxyurids, ascarids). Two-step semi-nested PCR detected 86 samples (53.6%) that were positive for H. microstoma and/or H. muscae DNA. H. microstoma prevalences showed statistically significant differences; the highest prevalence was observed in horses infected by other gastrointestinal parasites and concomitantly by H. muscae. No statistical differences were found between the prevalence of Habronema spp. infection and sex, age, breeding management, and antiparasitic treatments. This field survey provided further information on habronemosis and its epidemiology.  相似文献   

Effect of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside on UVB-induced response in human keratinocytes     

Cimino F  Ambra R  Canali R  Saija A  Virgili F 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(11):4041-4047

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Genetic diversity of Spanish Cucurbita pepo landraces: an unexploited resource for summer squash breeding   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Gelsomina Formisano  Cristina Roig  Cristina Esteras  Maria Raffaella Ercolano  Fernando Nuez  Antonio Jose Monforte  Maria Belen Picó 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2012,59(6):1169-1184

Cucurbita pepo is a worldwide cultivated vegetable of American origin. Most of the widely grown commercial types are known as summer squashes and belong to the elongated forms of C. pepo ssp. pepo (Cocozelle, Vegetable marrow and Zucchini groups). These forms were developed in Europe after the arrival of the first American landraces through a process of selection and fixation that led to a loss of genetic diversity. Part of the genetic variability of the first American cultigens remains intact in diverse landraces that are still cultivated for self-consumption and sale in local markets. Using the first collection of genomic and EST-derived microsatellites that has just become available for the species, we compared the natural variation present in a collection of Spanish landraces with that of a set of commercial varieties and hybrids, representing current summer squash market offerings. A total of 194 alleles allowed us to distinguish all the genotypes, even those that were closely related. In general, Cocozelle and Vegetable marrow, groups with considerably long histories, were more variable than the Zucchini group, of more recent origin. We found significant genetic diversity among landraces. The variation present among landraces belonging to the Zucchini group was larger than that of the commercial cultivars. Cluster, principal coordinate and population structure results suggested that the variation of the Spanish landraces has not been extensively used in breeding. Commercial summer squashes can therefore benefit from this underexploited variability, especially from certain landraces that already display favourable commercial traits.  相似文献   

Serological response to pgp3 protein in animal and human chlamydial infections     

Donati M  Laroucau K  Storni E  Mazzeo C  Magnino S  Di Francesco A  Baldelli R  Ceglie L  Renzi M  Cevenini R 《Veterinary microbiology》2009,135(1-2):181-185

Specific antibodies to plasmid-encoded protein pgp3 are known to be encountered in human Chlamydia (C.) trachomatis infections. In order to verify whether antibodies to this protein could be developed in animals infected with plasmid-carrying chlamydial strains, 454 animal sera were examined using a home-made pgp3 protein ELISA and Western blots (WB) of recombinant pgp3 protein from Chlamydophila (Cp.) psittaci. Likewise, 50 human sera were tested by ELISA and WB of recombinant pgp3 from C. trachomatis. The reactivity against pgp3 protein was compared to the reactivity against chlamydial elementary bodies (EBs) detected by microimmunofluorescence (MIF) test. The presence of pgp3-specific antibodies was demonstrated in most ducks and pigeons with Cp. psittaci infection detected by MIF, as well as in the majority of symptomatic cats and pigs infected with Cp. felis and C. suis, respectively, which reacted at high titres to Cp. felis and C. suis EBs by MIF. Moreover, most of the sera collected from patients with C. trachomatis culture-confirmed infection and seropositive to C. trachomatis by MIF, presented antibodies specific to C. trachomatis pgp3 recombinant protein. Therefore, pgp3 protein could be a useful marker of chlamydial infections in animals, as well as in humans.  相似文献   

Administration of Bacillus coagulans in calves: recovery from faecal samples and evaluation of functional aspects of spores     

Barbara Ripamonti  Alessandro Agazzi  Antonella Baldi  Claudia Balzaretti  Carla Bersani  Silvia Pirani  Raffaella Rebucci  Giovanni Savoini  Simone Stella  Alberta Stenico  Cinzia Domeneghini 《Veterinary research communications》2009,33(8):991-1001

An investigation was carried out into the recovery from calf faeces of Bacillus coagulans spores added to the feed as probiotic. For this purpose, Bacillus coagulans spores (9 log₁₀ CFU g^?1) were given daily to 10 calves during the whole farming periods; another 10 calves acted as controls. Throughout the trial the faecal spore counts were significantly (P?<?0.01) higher in the treated group than in the controls (averaging 2.1?×?10⁵ vs 3.7?×?10⁴?CFU g^?1). Bacterial cells were recovered from faecal samples and ribotyping matched the strain isolated from faecal sample to the clone administered to the animals. In addition, the recovered cells were found to maintain their functionality aspects of acid production, survival in artificial gastric juice and in the presence of bile, and attachment to human intestinal epithelial cells. The results further elucidate the fate of spore formers administered to calves, and this will help in the development of new species-specific nutritional strategies.  相似文献   

In vitro and ex vivo pharmacodynamics of selected non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in equine whole blood     

Cuniberti B  Odore R  Barbero R  Cagnardi P  Badino P  Girardi C  Re G 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2012,191(3):327-333

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) inhibit cyclooxygenases (COX), and the inhibition of COX-2 rather than COX-1 can limit the onset of NSAID-related adverse effects. The pharmacodynamic properties of eltenac, naproxen, tepoxalin, SC-560 and NS 398 in healthy horses were investigated using an in vitro whole blood assay. To predict COX selectivity in clinical use, eltenac and naproxen were also studied ex vivo after intravenous administration. SC-560 acted as a selective COX-1 inhibitor, tepoxalin as a dual inhibitor with potent activity against COX-1, and NS 398 as a preferential COX-2 inhibitor. Eltenac was a preferential COX-2 inhibitor in vitro but un-selective in the ex vivo study. Naproxen maintained its non-selectivity both in vitro and ex vivo. These findings have demonstrated that in vitro studies may not accurately predict in vivo NSAID selectivity for COX and should be confirmed using an ex vivo whole blood assay.  相似文献   

Fine mapping of two major QTLs conferring resistance to powdery mildew in tomato   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Luigi Faino  Shiva Azizinia  Benyamin Houshyani Hassanzadeh  Estelle Verzaux  Maria Raffaella Ercolano  Richard G. F. Visser  Yuling Bai 《Euphytica》2012,184(2):223-234

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is the most cultivated crop in the Solanaceae family and is a host for Oidium neolycopersici, the cause agent of powdery mildew disease. In wild species of tomato, genes (Ol-1–Ol-6) for monogenic resistance have been identified. Moreover, three quantitative resistance loci (QRLs), namely Ol-qtl1, Ol-qtl2 and Ol-qtl3, have been mapped in Solanum neorickii G1.1601. In this work, we developed several advanced backcross populations in order to fine-map these Ol-qtls. Resistant lines harboring individual Ol-qtl were produced and used in recombinant screening. Ten recombinants were identified in chromosomal regions carrying Ol-qtl1s. The recombinant individuals were used to produce recombinant families (RFs). By screening these RFs with molecular markers and testing them with O. neolycopersici, we could localize Ol-qtl1 in a region of about 2.3 Mbp on the long arm of chromosome 6 and Ol-qtl2 in a region of 2.5 Mbp on the short arm of chromosome 12. On the other hand, the presence of Ol-qtl3 locus was not confirmed in this study. The fine-mapping results further demonstrated the co-localization between Ol-qtls and genes for monogenic resistance; the Ol-qtl1 interval contains the Ol-1 gene and the Ol-qtl2 interval harbors the Lv gene that confers monogenic resistance to Leveillula taurica, another species of tomato powdery mildew.  相似文献   

Impact and control of the cone tortricid Pseudococcyx tessulatana (Staudinger), damaging the cone crop of a selected clone of cypress (Cupressus sempervirens L.) in Italy     

Raffaella Cantini  Andrea Battisti 《Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde》2001,42(6):107-110

The green cypress (Cupressus sempervirens) is of great interest for ornamental, reforestation and windbreak use in the whole Mediterranean basin. In Italy, seed material selected for resistance to the fungus Seiridium cardinale is produced in seed orchards by controlled crosses of parent trees. The insect pest showing the highest impact on seed cone production is Pseudococcyx tessulatana (Lep.; Tortricidae), which attacks cones during the initial growth period as well as full-grown cones. The impact on the seed cone crop of the tortricid was estimated on a clone patented for its resistance to cypress canker (Agrimed 1). The attack was inversely related to the cone crop, as it concerned 36.7% of cones in 1999 (high crop year) and the 66% in 2000 (low crop year). In both years, about 90% of the surveyed branches revealed cones attacked by P. tessulatana by the 1^st life-cycle larvae, whereas only 40% of branches were also attacked by the larvae of the 2^nd life cycle. The highest attack rate per branch was always observed on branches bearing a low number of cones. The potential of two control methods against P. tessulatana to protect cones which result from crossing a mother tree Agrimed 1 with selected father trees was also evaluated in 2000. The protection given by a sleeve surrounding the branch was almost complete (0.4% cone mortality), whereas a cone mortality of 24.3% was observed on branches treated by the insecticide diflubenzuron. Sleeves appear to be useful to protect branches on which special crosses were done, but are expensive and time-consuming and may favour the attack of the mealybug Planococcus vovae inside the sleeve. The insecticide application may represent a valid alternative, especially when protection should be directed toward a high number of branches.  相似文献