Suitability of extractant for soil available silicon and silicon response to upland paddy grown on alkaline soils of central India     

Atish Ajit Patil  Anil Gangadhar Durgude  Ashok Laxman Pharande  Ashok Dattatray Kadlag  Charudatta Anantrao Nimbalkar 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(18):2298-2308

Abstract

Several silicon (Si) extractants are being employed in different countries mostly for lowland acidic soils. Present investigation was conducted to evaluate suitable extractants for upland paddy grown on alkaline soils. Available Si was extracted by using ten different extractants. Tris buffer pH 7.0 (1:10) in Inceptisols showed positively highest and significant correlation with grain yield (r?=?0.870), grain Si uptake (r?=?0.887), straw yield (r?=?0.852), and straw Si uptake (r?=?0.919). However, 0.5?M acetic acid (1:2.5) in Vertisols showed positively highest and significant correlation with grain yield (r?=?0.810), grain Si uptake (r?=?0.852), straw yield (r?=?0.850), and straw Si uptake (r?=?0.929). The application of Si @ 200?kg ha^?1 along with chemical fertilizers significantly increased yield and nutrient uptake of upland paddy on Vertisols. Tris buffer pH 7.0 (1:10) and 0.5?M acetic acid (1:2.5) were suitable extractant for Inceptisols and Vertisols, respectively based on its correlation with yield and nutrient uptake.  相似文献   

Development and standardization of a monoclonal antibody-based rapid flow-through immunoassay for the detection of Aphanomyces invadans in the field     

B Adil  K. M. Shankar  B. T. Naveen Kumar  Rajreddy Patil  Abhiman Ballyaya  K. S. Ramesh  Sathish Rama Poojary  Omkar V. Byadgi  Prabhugouda Siriyappagouder 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2013,14(4):413-419

A monoclonal antibody-based flow-through immunoassay (FTA) was developed using a nitrocellulose membrane placed on the top of adsorbent pads enclosed in a plastic cassette with a test zone at the center. The FTA could be completed within 10 min. Clear purple dots against a white background indicated the presence of Aphanomyces (A.) invadans. The FTA limit of detection was 7 µg/mL for A. invadans compared to 56 µg/mL for the immunodot. FTA and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) could detect A. invadans in fish tissue homogenates at a 10^-11 dilution compared to a 10^-8 dilution by immunodot. In fish suffering from natural cases of epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS) collected from Mangalore, India, FTA and PCR could detect A. invadans in 100% of the samples compared to 89.04% detected by immunodot. FTA reagents were stable and produced expected results for 4 months when stored at 4~8℃. This rapid test could serve as simple and cost-effective on-site screening tool to detect A. invadans in fish from EUS outbreak areas and in ports during the shipment of live or frozen fish.  相似文献   

Immuno-histological mapping and functional association of seminal proteins in testis and excurrent ducts with sperm function in buffalo     

Sunil Kumar Patil  Lakshminarayana Somashekar  Sellappan Selvaraju  Kolatalu V. Jamuna  Shivashanmugam Parthipan  Bala Krishnan Binsila  Ramaswamy Venkatesha Prasad  Janivara Parameshwaraiah Ravindra 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2020,55(8):998-1010

The region-specific expression of seminal proteins in testis and excurrent duct system determines the quality and function of the spermatozoa. In the present study, localization and expression of some of the seminal proteins such as insulin-like growth factor receptor 1β (IGF-1Rβ), phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein 4 (PEBP4), α-tubulin and tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 (TFPI2) were carried out in testis, excurrent duct system and spermatozoa of buffalo. IGF-1Rβ was localized in the cells of the seminiferous tubules of the testis, except in primary spermatocytes. The PEBP4 was localized only in the elongated spermatid, whereas α-tubulin and TFPI2 proteins were localized in all cells of the seminiferous tubule including spermatocyte. In the buffalo spermatozoa, IGF-1Rβ, PEBP4, α-tubulin and TFPI2 were localized in the acrosome region, the post-acrosomal region till the tail end, post-acrosome to the entire tail region and the equatorial region, respectively. The study indicates that IGF-1R, α-tubulin and PEBP4 proteins regulate spermatogenesis, whereas TFPI2 may be involved during the zona binding process of the buffalo spermatozoa.  相似文献   

Climate effects on anthocyanin accumulation and composition in the pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) fruit arils     

Borochov-Neori H  Judeinstein S  Harari M  Bar-Ya'akov I  Patil BS  Lurie S  Holland D 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(10):5325-5334

Worldwide pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) production has expanded greatly due to recent evidence on the fruit health attributes. The fruit's unique red color, conferred by anthocyanins, is an imperative sensory quality. Climate effects on the fruit's internal color were reported earlier. The present study investigated the influence of a wide range of temperature regimes (～7-40 °C) on pomegranates' aril anthocyanins. The study included two deciduous and two evergreen accessions as well as desert and Mediterranean orchards. RP-HPLC analysis of the arils' anthocyanins revealed mono- and diglucosylated delphinidins and cyanidins as the major anthocyanins and pelargonidins as minor components. Anthocyanin accumulation changed inversely to the season's temperatures. Cyanidins were generally more abundant but delphinidin accumulation was enhanced in cooler season. Monoglucosylated anthocyanins prevailed at cooler temperatures and subsided during seasonal warming with a concomitant increase in diglucoside proportion. The findings can benefit breeding and agricultural efforts to enhance pomegranate quality, especially in the face of "global warming".  相似文献   

Harnessing the Hydrocarbon-Degrading Potential of Contaminated Soils for the Bioremediation of Waste Engine Oil     

Samuel Aleer  Eric M. Adetutu  Tanvi H. Makadia  Sayali Patil  Andrew S. Ball 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2011,218(1-4):121-130

Waste engine oil pollution is an endemic problem in African countries as waste oil is often discharged into the environment without adequate treatment because waste oil recycling facilities are not readily available. In this study, laboratory-based microcosms (natural attenuation, biostimulation, bioaugmentation and combined treatment of biostimulation?Cbioaugmentation) were set up with soils (from old hydrocarbon biopiles) spiked with waste engine oil and monitored for 3 months. Total petroleum hydrocarbon analysis showed that biostimulation and biostimulation?Cbioaugmentation accelerated hydrocarbon degradation with over 84% reduction (<10,000 mg?kg^?1) by week 8. It took another 2 weeks for other microcosms to get below this classification of low-level contaminated waste and landfill disposal level. The highest degradation rate of 92% was obtained in biostimulated?Cbioaugmented microcosms (week 10). However, by week 12, there were no significant differences in hydrocarbon levels in naturally attenuated and treated microcosms. 16S rRNA and ITS-based denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis profiling showed diverse bacterial and fungal communities with some dominant members belonging to hydrocarbon-degrading Proteobacteria, Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes. This research has therefore shown that hydrocarbon-polluted soils possess substantial microbial hydrocarbon-degrading capacity which was successfully harnessed for degrading engine oil. In developing countries without recycling facilities but readily available hydrocarbon-contaminated soils, using such soils for ex situ monitored natural attenuation could be an effective, low-cost and environment-friendly option for treating waste engine oil.  相似文献   

Adenosine triphosphatase. Sensitive to DDT in synapses of rat brain     

F Matsumura  K C Patil 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1969,166(901):121-122

The insecticide DDT selectively inhibits the action of a Na(+), K(+), Mg(2+)-adenosine triphosphatase found in the nerve ending fraction of the rat brain. As judged by the concentrations of inhibitors that give 50 percent of enzyme inhibition, DDT was approximately 1000 times more toxic than its non-insecticidal analog, 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene. The degrees of inhibition of this enzyme system by various toxic and nontoxic DDT analogs were closely related to a general toxicity in vivo of these compounds. Moreover, the extents of inhibition of this enzyme system by DDT were much higher at low temperatures, an indication of a causal relation between poisoning in vivo by DDT and the inhibition in vitro of the Na(+), K(+), Mg(2+)-adenosine triphosphatase system.  相似文献   

Development of a predictive model for daughter pregnancy rate and standardization of voluntary waiting period in Murrah buffalo     

Chandrashekhar S. Patil  Atish Kumar Chakravarty  Avtar Singh  Vijay Kumar  Valsalan Jamuna  Vikas Vohra 《Tropical animal health and production》2014,46(1):279-284

A predictive model for daughter pregnancy rate (DPR) in Indian Murrah buffaloes has been developed. The data pertaining to first lactation reproduction traits, viz., age at first calving (AFC), first service period (FSP), and number of services per first conception (NS/FCON) of 719 Murrah buffaloes calved from 1985 to 2010 at the National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Karnal (Haryana), India were adjusted against significant environmental influence. First lactation reproduction records of 474 Murrah buffaloes were used for determining voluntary waiting period (VWP) and estimating DPR. Seven simple and multiple regression models in each case were developed where the buffaloes had their first insemination after 63 days (DPR 63), 84 days (DPR 84), and 105 days (DPR 105) of first calving. Among the seven models (I to VII) for DPR 63, DPR 84, and DPR 105, model II, having only FSP as an independent reproduction variable, was found to be the best prediction model, based on the four statistical criterions (high coefficient of determination (R ²), low mean sum of squares due to error (MSSe), conceptual predictive (CP) value, and Bayesian information criterion (BIC)). Three linear equations were developed using model II, viz., DPR 63?=?0.0033 (274???FSP), DPR 84?=?0.0027 (332???FSP), and DPR 105?=?0.0027 (310???FSP). The average errors for the prediction of DPR 63, DPR 84, and DPR 105 were 1, 13, and 8 %, respectively. Therefore, 63 days of VWP is the optimum period for getting the best DPR in Indian Murrah buffaloes.  相似文献   

Variation in ascorbic acid and mineral content in fruits of some varieties of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.)     

B. M. Khadi  J. V. Goud  V. B. Patil 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1987,37(1):9-15

Ascorbic acid content in green and ripe fruits and zinc, copper, manganese, iron, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus content in dry fruits were found to vary significantly in different varieties of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.). Ascorbic acid content in ripe fruits of all of the eleven chilli varieties was higher than in the corresponding green fruits. Path coefficient analysis showed that number of days to fruit ripening, fruit surface area, fruit length, dry and fresh fruit yield, ascorbic acid content in green fruits and iron, calcium, magnesium and copper content in dry fruits influenced ascorbic acid content in ripe fruits of chilli.  相似文献   

Comparative analysis of restoration behavior of milo (104A, 401A) and maldandi (M31-2A) based male sterile lines in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]     

Verma  Lokesh Kumar  Biradar  B. D.  Patil  S. S.  Chattannavar  S. N.  Kubsad  V. S. 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2022,69(2):559-566

Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution - In sorghum, milo source of male sterility has been used for developing all the hybrids so far and it created the narrow cytoplasmic base. In addition, it also...  相似文献   

Antioxidant activity of citrus limonoids, flavonoids, and coumarins   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

Yu J  Wang L  Walzem RL  Miller EG  Pike LM  Patil BS 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(6):2009-2014

A variety of in vitro models such as beta-carotene-linoleic acid, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), superoxide, and hamster low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were used to measure the antioxidant activity of 11 citrus bioactive compounds. The compounds tested included two limonoids, limonin (Lim) and limonin 17-beta-D-glucopyranoside (LG); eight flavonoids, apigenin (Api), scutellarein (Scu), kaempferol (Kae), rutin trihydrate (Rut), neohesperidin (Neh), neoeriocitrin (Nee), naringenin (Ngn), and naringin(Ng); and a coumarin (bergapten). The above compounds were tested at concentration of 10 microM in all four methods. It was found that Lim, LG, and Ber inhibited <7%, whereas Scu, Kae, and Rut inhibited 51.3%, 47.0%, and 44.4%, respectively, using the beta-carotene-linoleate model system. Lim, LG, Rut, Scu, Nee, and Kae showed 0.5% 0.25%, 32.2%, 18.3%, 17.2%, and 12.2%, respectively, free radical scavenging activity using the DPPH method. In the superoxide model, Lim, LG, and Ber inhibited the production of superoxide radicals by 2.5-10%, while the flavonoids such as Rut, Scu, Nee, and Neh inhibited superoxide formation by 64.1%, 52.1%, 48.3%, and 37.7%, respectively. However, LG did not inhibit LDL oxidation in the hamster LDL model. But, Lim and Ber offered some protection against LDL oxidation, increasing lag time to 345 min (3-fold) and 160 min (33% increase), respectively, while both Rut and Nee increased lag time to 2800 min (23-fold). Scu and Kae increased lag time to 2140 min (18-fold) and 1879 min (15.7-fold), respectively. In general, it seems that flavonoids, which contain a chromanol ring system, had stronger antioxidant activity as compared to limonoids and bergapten, which lack the hydroxy groups. The present study confirmed that several structural features were linked to the strong antioxidant activity of flavonoids. This is the first report on the antioxidant activity of limonin, limonin glucoside, and neoeriocitrin.  相似文献