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81.
Prevalence of the AMHR2 mutation in Miniature Schnauzers and genetic investigation of a Belgian Malinois with persistent Müllerian duct syndrome 
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下载免费PDF全文 MM Smit KJ Ekenstedt KM Minor CK Lim PAJ Leegwater E Furrow 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(2):371-376
Persistent Müllerian duct syndrome (PMDS) is a sex‐limited disorder in which males develop portions of the female reproductive tract. Important consequences of PMDS are cryptorchidism and its sequelae of infertility and increased risk of testicular cancer. Anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH) and its receptor (AMHR2) induce the regression of the Müllerian ducts in male embryos. In Miniature Schnauzer dogs, the genetic basis has been identified as an autosomal recessive nonsense mutation in AMHR2, but the allele frequency of the mutation is unknown. Thus, the primary objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of the AMHR2 mutation in North American Miniature Schnauzers, in order to ascertain the value of genetic testing in this breed. An additional objective was to determine whether mutations in AMH or AMHR2 were responsible for PMDS in a Belgian Malinois; this would aid development of a genetic test for the Belgian Malinois breed. Genomic DNA from 216 Miniature Schnauzers (including one known PMDS case) was genotyped for the AMHR2 mutation, and DNA from a single PMDS‐affected Belgian Malinois was sequenced for all coding exons of AMH and AMHR2. The Miniature Schnauzer cohort had an AMHR2 mutation allele frequency of 0.16 and a carrier genotypic frequency of 0.27. The genetic basis for PMDS in the Belgian Malinois was not determined, as no coding or splicing mutations were identified in either AMH or AMHR2. These findings support a benefit to AMHR2 mutation testing Miniature Schnauzers used for breeding or with cryptorchidism. 相似文献
82.
Abstract AIMS: To obtain information and compare the prevalence of Chlamydiaceae in riverine buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) and cows (Bos taurus) in Egypt with and without clinical signs of reproductive disease. METHODS: Vaginal swabs and blood samples were collected from animals attending Governmental Veterinary Clinics without (buffalo n=39, cows n=20) and with (buffalo n=63, cows n=53) signs of reproductive disease. Serum samples were tested for antibodies to Chlamydiaceae using complement fixation testing (CFT). Vaginal swabs were tested for Chlamydiaceae following inoculation into Vero cells and 6-day-old embryonated chicken eggs, using modified Giménez and immunoperoxidase staining, PCR analyses targeting the omp2 gene, and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism PCR (RFLP-PCR) for species identification. RESULTS: Antibodies to Chlamydiaceae were detected in 30/39 (77%) and 50/63 (79%) buffalo without and with signs of reproductive disease, respectively, and 10/20 (50%) and 39/53 (74%) of cows with and without signs of reproductive disease, respectively. Positive samples from PCR analysis were identified in 31/39 (79%) and 37/63 (59%) buffalo without and with signs of reproductive disease, respectively, and 12/20 (60%) and 46/53 (89%) of cows without and with signs of reproductive disease, respectively. Using RFLP-PCR, 57/68 (84%) of samples from buffalo, and 47/58 (81%) from cows, were identified as Chlamydophila psittaci and the reminder as Cp. abortus. From the CFT and PCR results there was no significant difference in the prevalence of positive samples between species, or between animals without or with signs of reproductive disease. CONCLUSION: The presence of anti-Chlamydiaceae antibodies in 77% of the animals with signs of reproductive disease and the detection of Chlamydiaceae in 72% of vaginal swabs of the animals suggest a pathogenic role by Chlamydiaceae in riverine buffalo and cows. The main Chlamydiaceae found in the genital tract of cattle in Egypt were Cp. psittaci and Cp. abortus. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Chlamydophila spp. should be included in diagnostic algorithms for reproductive disorders, in order to assess the real burden of Chlamydophila associated disease in buffalo and cattle and to evaluate the potential value of vaccines. 相似文献
83.
AIMS: To develop a means of determining pregnancy status in horses based on measuring serum oestrone sulphate (OS) concentrations using a rapid lateral flow immunoassay, and to determine the assay's effectiveness using a visual end-point. METHODS: Serum samples from mares >100 days post-mating (n=701) were assayed using a nitrocellulose membrane-based lateral flow immunoassay device. The device was developed using membrane-bound 1,3,5 (10)-estratrien-3-ol-17-one conjugated to bovine serum albumin as the capture antigen, and an OS-detection monoclonal antibody coupled to colloidal gold as the visible detection reagent. Concentrations of the coating antigen and OS monoclonal antibody were optimised so that the working range would allow pregnancy status to be determined from a visual end-point. The test was run by adding 0.1 ml serum to the sample well of a plastic cassette encasing the test membrane. As the serum migrated along the membrane, a test dot and control line were generated on it within 5–10 min. The intensity of the test dot was inversely proportional to the concentration of OS in the serum sample being tested. Results were compared with those from a validated OS enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and subsequent foaling or return to oestrus of the mares. RESULTS: Serum samples with OS concentrations <10 ng/ml, indicative of non-pregnancy in mares >100 days post-mating, generated a test end-point consisting of a highly visible test dot and control line, whereas serum OS concentrations >50 ng/ml, indicative of pregnancy, generated a control line only. The test correctly identified 384/389 (98.7%) non-pregnant mares tested, and 303/312 (97.1%) pregnant mares tested that were >100 days post-mating. The lateral flow test devices were stable for at least 12 months when stored at 4°C, sealed in aluminium pouches with desiccant. CONCLUSION: This novel, rapid, easy-to-use, lateral flow immunoassay offers a practical alternative to traditional laboratory-based immunoassays for measuring serum OS concentra- tions in mares for determining their pregnancy status. 相似文献
84.
Effect of Feeding and Body Condition Score on Multiple Ovulation and Embryo Production in Zebu Cows 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
MAR Siddiqui M Shamsuddin MMU Bhuiyan MA Akbar & KM Kamaruddin 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2002,37(1):37-41
The aim of this study was to standardize the feeding regimen and the body condition score (BCS) for maximum superovulatory responses in indigenous zebu cows. Ten regularly cycling 5–8‐year‐old dry cows, weighing 176–260 kg with BCS 2.5–4.5 were divided into two equal groups at random. The groups were maintained on either a good‐nutrition or a high‐nutrition diet. The feedstuffs were analysed by proximate feed analysis and the metabolizable energy content was estimated. After 3 months feeding, individual cows were injected (i.m) with 1500 IU pregnant mare's serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) at day 10 or day 11 of the oestrous cycle (day of oestrus = day 0). Alfaprostol (6 mg) was injected (i.m) 48 h after the injection of PMSG to induce oestrus. At day 6 or day 7 (day of insemination = day 1), the contents of individual uterine horns were flushed with 150–200 ml of phosphate‐buffered saline + 0.2% bovine serum albumin using a two‐way Foley catheter. The embryos were identified, evaluated and graded as excellent, good, fair or poor under a stereomicroscope. For the good‐ and high‐nutrition diets, the daily intake of green grass, straw, concentrate, dry matter, crude protein and estimated metabolizable energy by individual cows were 5 and 6 kg, 3 and 3 kg, 1.5 and 3.5 kg, 4.87 and 6.82 kg, 0.39 and 0.74 kg, and 39.60 and 59.12 MJ, respectively. The protein content was 8 and 11% in the good‐ and high‐nutrition diets, respectively. The two groups of cows on different nutritional diets differed significantly with regard to body weight, body condition score and number of palpated corpora lutea (p < 0.01). For cows on the good‐nutrition diet, the median number of recovered embryos and transferable quality embryos were three and two, respectively. The recovery rate of embryos was 79.30% of palpated corpora lutea. Cows on the high‐nutrition diet did not yield any embryos. The indigenous zebu cows fed on the good‐nutrition diet with BCS 2.5–3 were considered suitable for the induction of superovulation, the cows on the high‐nutrition diet with BCS 4–4.5 were unsatisfactory and were more prone to cyst formation in the ovaries. 相似文献
85.
S. E. Payne K. M. Rassnick N. C. Northrup O. Kristal J. D. Chretin S. M. Cotter P. Kintzer A. E. Frimberger K. E. Morrison-Collister C. A. Wood A. S. Moore 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2003,1(4):171-179
A retrospective analysis was done to assess the toxicity and efficacy associated with an alternating chemotherapy protocol of ifosfamide (375 mg m?2) and doxorubicin (30 mg m?2) for adjuvant treatment of 39 dogs with sarcomas. Twelve dogs had various soft‐tissue sarcomas and 27 dogs had hemangiosarcoma (HSA). Complete blood counts were evaluated 7 days after the first dose of ifosfamide and doxorubicin. One dog had grade 4 neutropenia (<500 µL?1) after treatment with ifosfamide and one dog had grade 3 neutropenia (500–1000 µL?1) after treatment with doxorubicin. One dog treated with doxorubicin was hospitalized for 24 h due to vomiting. The median survival time (ST) for the 27 dogs with HSA treated by surgery and with doxorubicin/ifosfamide was 149 days (mean 366 days). Although the protocol of alternating ifosfamide and doxorubicin was well tolerated, it failed to result in a statistically significant improvement in the ST when compared to a historical population of dogs with stage 2 splenic HSA treated by surgery alone. 相似文献
86.
KM McRae M Schultz CG Mackintosh GH Shackell MF Martinez KJ Knowler 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2016,64(3):174-178
AIMS: To explore and validate the utility of rumen endoscopy for collection of rumen papillae for gene expression measurement.
METHODS: Four adult Coopworth ewes were fasted for either 4 or 24 hours. Animals were sedated, placed in a dorsally recumbent position at 45 degrees with the head upright, and an endoscope inserted via a tube inserted into the mouth. Biopsies of rumen papillae were taken from the ventral surface of the rumen atrium under visual guidance. Two biopsies were collected from one of the animals that had been fasted for 4 hours, and three from one of the animals that had been fasted for 24 hours. Video of the rumen atrium and reticulum was also collected. The animals recovered uneventfully. Biopsies were subsequently used for extraction and sequencing of mRNA.
RESULTS: The ventral surface of the rumen atrium was accessible after 4 hours off pasture, but a larger region was accessible after 24 hours of fasting. Sedation allowed access for endoscope use for around 5 to 10 minutes after which increased saliva flow was noted. Rumen papillae biopsies were easily collected, with samples from a variety of sites collected in the ～10 minute time window. High quality RNA was obtained for stranded mRNA sequencing. Of the resulting reads, 69–70% mapped uniquely to version 3.1 of the ovine genome, and 48–49% to a known gene. The rumen mRNA profiles were consistent with a previously reported study.
CONCLUSIONS: This method for obtaining rumenal tissue was found to be rapid and resulted in no apparent short or long term effects on the animal. High quality RNA was successfully extracted and amplified from the rumen papillae biopsies, indicating that this technique could be used for future gene expression studies. The use of rumen endoscopy could be extended to collection of a variety of rumen and reticulum anatomical measurements and deposition and retrieval of small sensors from the rumen. Rumen endoscopy offers an attractive and cost effective approach to repeated rumen biopsies compared with serial slaughter or use of cannulated animals. 相似文献
87.
Cahalane AK Flanders JA Steffey MA Rassnick KM 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2007,230(4):527-531
CASE DESCRIPTION: 3 dogs (9 to 12 years old) were evaluated because of recurrent pleural effusion that was refractory to treatment of the underlying cause. CLINICAL FINDINGS: Dogs were evaluated because of cough, dyspnea, tachypnea, or lethargy or a combination of these clinical signs. Radiography, ultrasonography, or thoracocentesis were used to confirm the presence of pleural fluid in each dog. A neoplastic cause of pleural effusion was confirmed in 2 dogs. In 1 dog, fasciitis of the mediastinum and the left parietal pleura was diagnosed, with no evidence of neoplasia. TREATMENT AND OUTCOME: Each dog was anesthestized, and thoracotomy was performed with manual perforation of the mediastinum. Permanent, subcutaneously placed vascular access ports were attached to intrathoracic, Jackson-Pratt drain tubing for repeated drainage of pleural fluid. Drains were used successfully in the 3 dogs for periods of 6 weeks, 11 weeks, and > 3 years. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Findings suggest that subcutaneous vascular access ports attached to intrathoracic drain tubing may be an effective way to remove recurrent pleural effusion in dogs. 相似文献
88.
A prospective evaluation of the impact of second‐opinion histopathology on diagnostic testing,cost and treatment in dogs and cats with cancer 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 R. C. Regan K. M. Rassnick E. K. Malone S. P. McDonough 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2015,13(2):106-116
Second‐opinion histopathology is a common practice in human medicine to avoid unnecessary procedures, costs and to optimize therapy. Histopathology review has been recommended in veterinary oncology as well. In this prospective evaluation of 52 tumours over a 1‐year period, there was diagnostic agreement between first and second opinions in 52% of cases. Twenty‐nine percent of cases had partial diagnostic disagreement, most often a change in grade, tumour subtype or margin status. Nineteen percent had complete diagnostic disagreement, including a change in cell of origin or a change from benign to malignant. Minor disagreements, which would not affect treatment or prognosis, were present in 21% of cases. Major disagreements, which would affect either treatment or prognosis, were present in 37% of cases. Costs of ideal staging and treatment recommendations were considerably different between first and second opinions. 相似文献
89.
E. K. Malone K. M. Rassnick J. J. Wakshlag D. S. Russell R. Al‐Sarraf D. M. Ruslander C. S. Johnson D. L. Trump 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2010,8(3):209-220
Calcitriol potentiates the effect of multiple chemotherapy agents in a variety of tumour models. In this study, we examine whether calcitriol increases chemotherapy or tyrosine kinase inhibitor in vitro cytotoxicity in canine mastocytoma C2 cells. We also evaluate the in vivo effect of DN101, a highly concentrated oral formulation of calcitriol designed specifically for cancer therapy, as a single‐agent therapy in dogs with mast cell tumours (MCTs). Calcitriol exhibits synergistic, antiproliferative activity when used in combination with CCNU, vinblastine, imatinib or toceranib in vitro. The concentrations required for 50% growth inhibition were generally two‐ to six‐fold lower when the drugs were used in combination than when used individually. High‐dose oral calcitriol induced remission in 4 of 10 dogs (one complete remission, three partial remissions), although the majority experienced toxicity, necessitating discontinuation of the trial. Further evaluation of calcitriol in combination therapy for dogs with MCTs is warranted. 相似文献
90.
K.M. Rassnick D.B. Bailey A.B. Flory C.E. Balkman M.A. Kiselow J.L. Intile K. Autio 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2008,22(6):1390-1396
Background: The optimal dosage and clinical efficacy of vinblastine (VBL) for treatment of mast cell tumors (MCTs) in dogs has not been established. Hypothesis: Single‐agent VBL has antitumor activity against MCTs in dogs. Animals: Fifty‐one dogs with nonresectable grade II or III cutaneous MCTs. Methods: Prospective, open clinical trial. Dogs were systematically allocated (by hospital record number) to receive IV treatment with VBL at a dosage of 2.0 mg/m2 (weekly for 4 treatments then biweekly for 4 treatments; VBL 2.0) or treatment with VBL at a dosage of 3.5 mg/m2 (biweekly for 5 treatments; VBL 3.5). The primary outcome measure was reduction in tumor size. Results: Twenty‐five dogs were allocated to the VBL 2.0 group and 26 were allocated to the VBL 3.5 group. In the VBL 2.0 group, 3 (12%) had a partial response (PR) for a median of 77 days (range, 48–229 days). Overall response rate in the VBL 3.5 group was 27%. One dog (4%) had a complete response for 63 days and 6 dogs (23%) had a PR for a median of 28 days (range, 28–78 days). Toxicoses were uncommon in the VBL 2.0 group. Twelve (46%) dogs in the VBL 3.5 group had <500 neutrophils/μL 7 days after treatment; 2 dogs with neutropenia developed concurrent fevers. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: VBL, when used as a single‐agent, has activity against MCTs in dogs although the response rate is lower than those reported for VBL‐containing combination protocols. Further, findings suggest VBL at a dosage of 3.5 mg/m2 should be considered for use in future phase II/III trials. 相似文献