Serological Methods for Detection of Polymyxa graminis, an Obligate Root Parasite and Vector of Plant Viruses     

Delfosse P  Reddy AS  Legréve A  Devi KT  Abdurahman MD  Maraite H  Reddy DV 《Phytopathology》2000,90(5):537-545

A purification procedure was developed to separate Polymyxa graminisresting spores from sorghum root materials. The spores were used as im-munogen to produce a polyclonal antiserum. In a direct antigen coating enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAC ELISA), the antiserum could detect one sporosorus per well of the ELISA plate. In spiked root samples, the procedure detected one sporosorus per mg of dried sorghum roots. The majority of isolates of P. graminis from Europe, North America, and India reacted strongly with the antiserum. Interestingly, P. graminis isolates from the state of Rajasthan (northern India), from Pakistan, and an isolate from Senegal (West Africa) reacted weakly with the antiserum. The cross-reactivity of the serum with P. betae isolates from Belgium and Turkey was about 40% of that observed for the homologous isolate. There was no reaction with common fungi infecting roots or with the obligate parasite Olpidium brassicae. However, two isolates of Spongospora sub-terranea gave an absorbance similar to that observed with the homologous antigen. The DAC ELISA procedure was successfully used to detect various stages in the life cycle of P. graminis and to detect infection that occurred under natural and controlled environments. A simple procedure to conjugate antibodies to fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate (FITC) is described. Resting spores could be detected in root sections by using FITC-labeled antibodies. The potential for application of the two serological techniques for studying the epidemiology of peanut clump disease and for the characterization of Polymyxa isolates from various geographical origins is discussed.  相似文献   

通过早期营养促进雏鸡免疫系统的发育     

罗何峰  孙旭涵  A.K.Panda  M.R.Reddy 《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》2007,27(6):46-48

研究表明,雏鸡出壳后立即进食会更健康,且在其一生中会有一个良好的开端。在近三十年中,选择育种已经显著地提高了肉用仔鸡的生产性能。现代肉鸡不但拥有较快的生长速度,  相似文献   

Screening Capsicum species of different origins for high temperature tolerance by in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube length     

K. Raja Reddy  V.G. Kakani 《Scientia Horticulturae》2007

Successful fruit set depends on several reproductive processes including pollen germination and tube growth processes. An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of temperature on pollen germination characteristics and to identify species/genotypic differences in Capsicum using the cumulative temperature response index (CTRI) concept. Pollen was collected from plants of seven genotypes from five Capsicum species, adapted to various parts of the world and grown outdoors in large pots. The pollen was subjected to in vitro temperatures ranging from 15 to 50 °C at 5 °C intervals. Pollen germination and tube lengths were recorded for all species after 24 h of incubation at the respective treatments. Species/genotypes differed significantly for in vitro pollen germination percentage and pollen tube length with mean values of 78% and 734 μm, respectively. The mean cardinal temperatures (T_min, T_opt, and T_max) averaged over genotypes, were 15.2, 30.7, and 41.8 °C for pollen germination and 12.2, 31.2, and 40.4 °C for pollen tube growth. The CTRI of each species/genotype calculated as the sum of eight relative individual stress response values, such as maximum pollen germination, maximum pollen tube length; T_min, T_opt, and T_max temperatures of pollen germination, and pollen tube lengths, identified species tolerance to high temperatures. Capsicum annum cv. Mex Serrano from Mexico was identified as tolerant, C. chacoense cv. 1312 and C. spp. cv. Cobanero from Argentina and Guatemala, respectively as intermediate and C. frutescens cv. Early Spring Giant from China, C. annum cv. Long Green from South Korea, C. spp. cv. NM89C130 and C. pubescens cv. 90002 from Guatemala as sensitive to high temperatures. The tolerant species/genotypes can be used in breeding programs to develop new genotypes that can withstand high temperature conditions both in the present climate and particularly in a future warmer climate.  相似文献   

Lindsay m. Black, 1907 to 1997     

Brakke MK  Reddy DV 《Phytopathology》1998,88(9):872

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HTLV-III gag protein is processed in yeast cells by the virus pol-protease   总被引：29，自引：0，他引：29  

R A Kramer  M D Schaber  A M Skalka  K Ganguly  F Wong-Staal  E P Reddy 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1986,231(4745):1580-1584

The gag-pol gene of HTLV-III (human T-lymphotropic virus), the virus linked to AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome), was expressed in yeast, and processing of the gag precursor into proteins of the same size as those in the virion was observed. Processing of the gag gene in yeast cells mimics the process that naturally occurs in mammalian cells during maturation of virions. Therefore it was possible to perform mutational analysis of the virus genome to localize the gene that codes for the protease function to the amino terminal coding region of the pol gene. Since this region overlaps the gag gene, it is likely that ribosomal frameshifting occurs from gag to pol. Antibodies in all of the AIDS patients' sera tested recognized the yeast synthesized gag proteins, although the sera showed differences in relative reactivity to the individual gag proteins and the precursor. This yeast system should be valuable not only for production of viral proteins for diagnostic or vaccine purposes but also for analysis of the genetics and biochemistry of viral gene functions--parameters that are difficult to study otherwise with this virus.  相似文献   

Inhibitory activity of homoisoflavonoids from Caesalpinia sappan against Beauveria bassiana   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Niranjan Reddy VL  Ravikanth V  Jansi Lakshmi VV  Suryanarayan Murty U  Venkateswarlu Y 《Fitoterapia》2003,74(6):600-602

Four homoisoflavonoids, 4-O-methylsappanol (1), protosappanin A (2), brazilin (3) and caeasalpin J (4), isolated from Caesalpinia sappan, were tested for inhibitory activity against Beauveria bassiana. Compound 1 showed activity against this fungus.  相似文献   

Characterization of a Pinus pinaster cDNA encoding an auxin up-regulated putative peroxidase in roots     

Charvet-Candela V  Hitchin S  Reddy MS  Cournoyer B  Marmeisse R  Gay G 《Tree physiology》2002,22(4):231-238

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Antibacterial activity of the essential oil from Aristolochia indica   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Shafi PM  Rosamma MK  Jamil K  Reddy PS 《Fitoterapia》2002,73(5):439-441

The essential oil of Aristolochia indica, containing beta-caryophyllene and alpha-humulene as major constituents, was found to show a moderate antibacterial activity.  相似文献   

Prevalence and incidence of the root-inhabiting fungi, Fusarium, Cylindrocarpon and Pythium, on container-grown Douglas-fir and spruce seedlings in British Columbia     

H. H. Kope  P. E. Axelrood  J. Sutherland  M. S. Reddy 《New Forests》1996,12(1):55-67

Surveys were made at the end of the 1990 and 1991 growing seasons for root-inhabiting fungi in the genera Fusarium, Cylindrocarpon and Pythium from the roots of one year-old container-grown Douglas-fir and spruce seedlings grown under greenhouse conditions. In the 1990 survey of four nurseries, it was found that 61–97% of both Douglas-fir and spruce roots were colonized with Fusarium, Cylindrocarpon or Pythium. There were significantly (p0.05) more Douglas-fir roots than spruce roots colonized by Fusarium at all nurseries, however, there were significantly (p0.05) more spruce roots than Douglas-fir roots colonized by Cylindrocarpon and Pythium. Root colonization of Douglas-fir and spruce by the three fungal genera during 1991 varied from 0–82% at three nurseries, however, only at a south coastal nursery was there significantly (p0.05) more spruce than Douglas-fir roots colonized by Cylindrocarpon. Significantly more seedlings were infected in 1990 than in 1991. In 1991, there were few significant differences between Douglas-fir and spruce, in the percentage of seedlings with colonized roots and in the percentage of growth medium colonized by the fungi. However, there were significant differences between nurseries.  相似文献   

Antinociceptive activity of Wrightia tinctoria bark     

Reddy YS  Venkatesh S  Ravichandran T  Murugan V  Suresh B 《Fitoterapia》2002,73(5):421-423

The ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol extracts of Wrightia tinctoria bark showed antinociceptive activity on acetic acid-induced writhing test in mice, their effects being comparable to that of acetylsalicylic acid.  相似文献