Molecular cloning, chromosomal location, and biological activity of porcine interleukin-21     

Muneta Y  Kikuma R  Uenishi H  Hoshino T  Yoshihara K  Tanaka M  Hamashima N  Mori Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(3):269-275

A pig interleukin-21 (IL-21) cDNA was successfully cloned and sequenced from porcine peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) stimulated with 10 microg/ml concanavalin A (ConA), 10 microg/ml phytohemagglutinin P (PHA), 50 ng/ml phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), and 0.5 microg/ml anti-porcine CD3 antibody for 48 hr. The open reading frame of the porcine IL-21 cDNA is 459 base pairs in length and encodes 152 amino acids. The predicted amino acid sequence of the porcine IL-21 shows 86.2%, 77.7%, and 58.4% identity to the bovine, human, and murine IL-21, respectively. The porcine IL-21 gene was mapped to porcine chromosome 8 (8q22-->q23) by means of fluorescence in situ hybridization and radiation hybrid mapping, where the porcine IL-2 gene had been mapped nearby. The recombinant porcine mature IL-21 expressed by E. coli induced dose-dependent proliferation and IFN-gamma production from a human NK cell line, NK0. The porcine IL-21 identified in this study will be helpful for the enhancement of innate immune responses of pigs.  相似文献   

Development of a screening method for genetically modified soybean by plasmid-based quantitative competitive polymerase chain reaction     

Shimizu E  Kato H  Nakagawa Y  Kodama T  Futo S  Minegishi Y  Watanabe T  Akiyama H  Teshima R  Furui S  Hino A  Kitta K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(14):5521-5527

A novel type of quantitative competitive polymerase chain reaction (QC-PCR) system for the detection and quantification of the Roundup Ready soybean (RRS) was developed. This system was designed based on the advantage of a fully validated real-time PCR method used for the quantification of RRS in Japan. A plasmid was constructed as a competitor plasmid for the detection and quantification of genetically modified soy, RRS. The plasmid contained the construct-specific sequence of RRS and the taxon-specific sequence of lectin1 (Le1), and both had 21 bp oligonucleotide insertion in the sequences. The plasmid DNA was used as a reference molecule instead of ground seeds, which enabled us to precisely and stably adjust the copy number of targets. The present study demonstrated that the novel plasmid-based QC-PCR method could be a simple and feasible alternative to the real-time PCR method used for the quantification of genetically modified organism contents.  相似文献   

Simultaneous steroids measurement in dogs with hyperadrenocorticism using a column-switching liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method     

Noboru SASAKI  Thandar OO  Yoshikazu YASUDA  Takahiro ICHISE  Noriyuki NAGATA  Nozomu YOKOYAMA  Kazuyoshi SASAOKA  Keitaro MORISHITA  Shouta MM NAKAYAMA  Mayumi ISHIZUKA  Kensuke NAKAMURA  Mitsuyoshi TAKIGUCHI  Yoshinori IKENAKA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(11):1634

We developed an analytical method using an on-line column-switching liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) for quantifying multiple steroids in serum. Using the developed method, we evaluated the serum concentration of nine steroids (cortisol, corticosterone, cortisone, 11-deoxycortisol, 21-deoxycortisol, deoxycorticosterone, progesterone, 17α-OH-progesterone and aldosterone) in dogs with hyperadrenocorticism (HAC). Serum was mixed with stable isotope internal standards and thereafter purified by the automated column-switching system. The limit of detection ranged 2–16 pg/ml for nine steroids. In the baseline samples, five steroids (cortisol, corticosterone, cortisone, 11-deoxycortisol, and 17α-OH-progesterone) were detected in all dogs. The concentrations of cortisone, 11-deoxycortisol, and 17α-OH-progesterone in dogs with HAC (n=19) were significantly higher those in dogs without HAC (n=15, P<0.02). After the adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation test, six steroids (cortisol, corticosterone, cortisone, 11-deoxycortisol, 17α-OH-progesterone, and deoxycorticosterone) were above the limit of quantification in all dogs. Cortisol, corticosterone, cortisone, and deoxycorticosterone concentrations of dogs with HAC were significantly higher than those of dogs without HAC (P<0.02). In addition, 11-deoxycortisol and 17α-OH-progesterone concentration was higher in dogs with HAC than in dogs without HAC (P=0.044 and P=0.048, respectively). The on-line column-switching LC/MS/MS would be feasible for measuring multiple steroids in dog serum. The results suggest that cortisone, 11-deoxycortisol, and 17α-OH-progesterone would be related to HAC. Further studies are warranted to assess the clinical feasibility of steroid profile in dogs with HAC.  相似文献   

Assignment of the CD Cotton Effect to the Chiral Center in Pseurotins,and the Stereochemical Revision of Pseurotin A2     

Takeshi Yamada  Mina Ohshima  Kaori Yuasa  Takashi Kikuchi  Reiko Tanaka 《Marine drugs》2016,14(4)

Pseurotins A₁ (1) and A₂ (2) were isolated from a culture broth of the fungal strain Aspergillus fumigatus WFZ-25 as stereoisomers of pseurotin A (3) in 2011. We also isolated 1 and 2 together with 3 from A. fumigatus OUPS-T106B-5 separated from the marine fish Mugil cephalus. In this study, we re-examined the stereochemistry of 1 and 2 using chemical transformation and the CD spectra, and found the relationship between the CD Cotton effect and the absolute configurations of 1 and 2, which led us to revise the stereostructure of pseurotin A₂.  相似文献   

Multifunctionality and agrarian transition in alternative agro‐food production in the global South: The case of organic shrimp certification in the Mekong Delta,Vietnam          下载免费PDF全文

Reiko Omoto  Steffanie Scott 《Asia Pacific viewpoint》2016,57(1):121-137

Processes of globalisation in the conventional food provision system have had widespread negative impacts on small‐scale farmers. Yet, alternative food networks, which are characterised by more sustainable production/consumption practices and fairer trade relations, have increasingly been ‘going global’ and, in the process, have been integrating small‐scale farms in the South. One such high‐value export‐led commodity is certified organic shrimp. International third‐party certification schemes are becoming popular as a tool to verify the intangible attributes of such commodities. Using concepts of multifunctionality and agrarian change, this paper examines the implications of introducing an international environmental certification programme to a site where the ‘peasantry’ has been preserved and has limited integration in the global agro‐food system. Drawing on a case study that examines the first certified organic shrimp production project in Vietnam, this paper concludes that the current movement towards post‐productivism in the global North has potential to keep local farming practices in the global South by justifying the value of peasant‐like production methods through international certification. As a result, the development path of agrarian transition might be reshaped into a form not necessarily pursuing industrialisation. This leads to the new interpretation of pre‐ and post‐productivism beyond the North and South divide.  相似文献   

SuperSAGE revealed different classes of early resistance response genes in Capsicum chinense plants harboring L ³ -resistance gene infected with Pepper mild mottle virus     

Hiroyuki Hamada  Hideo Matsumura  Reiko Tomita  Ryohei Terauchi  Kazumi Suzuki  Kappei Kobayashi 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2008,74(4):313-321

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Resistance in leaf blades assessed by counting conidia correlates with whole-plant-specific resistance in leaf sheaths in a compatible rice–Magnaporthe oryzae interaction     

Hironori Koga  Koji Dohi  Reiko Yoshimoto  Masashi Mori 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2008,74(3):246-249

Resistance in the leaf blades of rice plants against a virulent race of the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae was quantitatively examined using a modified spot inoculation method. Numbers of conidia produced in the lesions were affected by plant age and paralleled the frequency of resistance infection types, which is indicative of whole-plant-specific resistance (WPSR), in the inoculated leaf sheaths of the corresponding plants. Exogenous abscisic acid treatment, which suppresses WPSR, also increased the susceptibility of the leaf blades. These results indicate a correlation between the resistance of the leaf blades and the WPSR in the leaf sheaths.  相似文献   

不同栽培法和收割期对甘蔗单产及含糖量影响的分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

孙丽娅  上野正实  永田雅辉 《中国生态农业学报》2009,17(5):992-996

本研究利用1975～2008年33年间日本南大东岛甘蔗生产数据, 分析了甘蔗栽培方法[新苗种植(包括夏植和春植)、宿根]和收割时期对其产量、品质和经济性的影响.结果表明, 不同栽培法甘蔗多年平均产量依次为夏植>宿根>春植; 新植甘蔗的种植期越早产量越高; 宿根甘蔗产量与前茬甘蔗的收割期呈二次函数曲线关系, 前茬甘蔗收割过早或过迟均对宿根甘蔗生长不利; 宿根甘蔗产量随宿根次数增加呈下降趋势; 宿根甘蔗含糖量通常高于新植甘蔗, 且不同栽培法下3月下旬前收获的甘蔗含糖量随收割期后延而逐渐增加.在此基础上, 建立了依据栽培方法、收割时期预测甘蔗单产和含糖量的数学模型, 模型对我国甘蔗种植业具有理论和实际的参考价值.  相似文献   

Detection of Pythium aphanidermatum in tomato using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) with species-specific primers     

Shiro Fukuta  Reiko Takahashi  Satoru Kuroyanagi  Noriyuki Miyake  Hirofumi Nagai  Hirofumi Suzuki  Fujio Hashizume  Tomoko Tsuji  Hiromi Taguchi  Hideki Watanabe  Koji Kageyama 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2013,136(4):689-701

A loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) reaction with a primer set designed from the rDNA ITS sequence of P. aphanidermatum was developed. Results of a specificity test using 57 strains of Pythium spp. indicated that the LAMP assay gave no cross reactions in other 39 Pythium species, 11 strains of Phytophthora spp. and eight other soil borne pathogens. The detection limit was 10 fg of genomic DNA, which was ten times the sensitivity of the polymerase chain reaction. The LAMP assay was applied to hydroponic solution samples from tomato fields, and the results were compared to those of the conventional plating method. LAMP was observed to be effective for the specific detection of P. aphanidermatum. Furthermore, P. aphanidermatum was detected directly in tomato roots infected with P. aphanidermatum without DNA extraction. The LAMP method established in this study is a simple, sensitive and rapid tool for the detection of P. aphanidermatum.  相似文献   

Identification of bitterness-masking compounds from cheese     

Homma R  Yamashita H  Funaki J  Ueda R  Sakurai T  Ishimaru Y  Abe K  Asakura T 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(18):4492-4499

Bitterness-masking compounds were identified in a natural white mold cheese. The oily fraction of the cheese was extracted and further fractionated by using silica gel column chromatography. The four fractions obtained were characterized by thin-layer chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The fatty acid-containing fraction was found to have the highest bitterness-masking activity against quinine hydrochloride. Bitterness-masking activity was quantitated using a method based on subjective equivalents. At 0.5 mM, the fatty acid mixture, which had a composition similar to that of cheese, suppressed the bitterness of 0.008% quinine hydrochloride to be equivalent to that of 0.0049-0.0060% and 0.5 mM oleic acid to that of 0.0032-0.0038% solution. The binding potential between oleic acid and the bitter compounds was estimated by isothermal titration calorimetry. These results suggest that oleic acid masked bitterness by forming a complex with the bitter compounds.  相似文献