Glycated haemoglobin in various pathological conditions: investigations based on a new, fully automated method     

B. Haberer  C. E. Reusch 《The Journal of small animal practice》1998,39(11):510-517

A new automated affinity chromatographic method for determining glycated haemoglobin (GHb) in dogs and cats was tested. The method appeared to be practical, quick and accurate. The reference range, calculated on the basis of 50 healthy dogs and 43 healthy cats, lay between 2·4 and 3·4 per cent in dogs and 2·0 and 2·9 per cent in cats. Concentrations were not influenced by age or gender. GHb levels obtained for 21 dogs and 18 cats with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus were significantly higher than those of the control animals, ranging from 4·5 to 8·6 per cent (median 6·1) in dogs and from 2·7 to 6·0 per cent (median 3.8 per cent) in cats. The GHb levels in 31 normoglycaemic dogs with anaemia ranged from 2·3 to 4·3 per cent (median 3·3 per cent), and those of 22 normogiycaemic cats with anaemia from 2·6 to 3·9 per cent (median 3·2 per cent); both sets of levels were significantly elevated compared to control group values. GHb concentrations in animals with polycythaemia, azotaemia or liver disease showed no significant deviations from the control group; in individual cases they were slightly elevated compared to the reference range. The automated measuring method employed can be used to determine GHb in dogs and cats. Anaemic animals should generally be excluded from the GHb determination.  相似文献   

Changes in Glucocorticoid Receptor Levels of Bovine Lymphocyte and Neutrophil during Estrous Cycle     

PE Martínez  MTP Lopes  MS Martins  AP Marques Jr  CE Salas 《Reproduction in domestic animals》1998,33(2):61-66

  相似文献   

The effects of hydrocortisone on systemic arterial blood pressure and urinary protein excretion in dogs     

Schellenberg S  Mettler M  Gentilini F  Portmann R  Glaus TM  Reusch CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2008,22(2):273-281

BACKGROUND: Hypertension and proteinuria are commonly recognized in dogs with spontaneous hypercortisolism. There is, however, little information regarding the effect of exogenous glucocorticoids on blood pressure (BP) and proteinuria and whether these changes are reversible. HYPOTHESIS: Hydrocortisone administration increases systemic BP and urinary protein excretion, and these effects are reversible after hydrocortisone withdrawal. Animals: Six control dogs and 6 dogs treated with hydrocortisone. METHODS: BP, urine protein : creatinine ratio (UPC), microalbuminuria (MALB), urine albumin : creatinine ratio (UAC), and urine gel electrophoresis were evaluated before, during, and after administration of hydrocortisone (8 mg/kg PO q12h for 12 weeks) or placebo. RESULTS: BP and UPC increased substantially during hydrocortisone administration from 123 mmHg (range 114-136 mmHg) and 0.17 (0.15-0.28) to a maximum of 143 mmHg (128-148 mmHg) and 0.38 (0.18-1.78), respectively, on day 28. MALB developed in 4 dogs and UAC significantly increased in all dogs during hydrocortisone administration with the maximum on day 84. Both increases in BP and proteinuria were reversible and completely resolved within 1 month after stopping hydrocortisone administration. SDS-AGE revealed the proteinuria to be primarily albuminuria with a pronounced increase during hydrocortisone treatment. Furthermore, a protein of 25-30 kDa was found in male dogs, identified by mass spectrometry to be arginine esterase, the major secretory prostatic protein. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Long-term hydrocortisone treatment results in significant but only mild increases in systemic BP and urinary protein excretion, which are both reversible within 1 month after discontinuation of hydrocortisone.  相似文献   

Evaluation of cortisol precursors for the diagnosis of pituitary-dependent hypercortisolism in dogs     

Sieber-Ruckstuhl NS  Boretti FS  Wenger M  Maser-Gluth C  Reusch CE 《The Veterinary record》2008,162(21):673-678

The serum concentrations of cortisol, 17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone, 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, 21-deoxycortisol and 11-deoxycortisol were measured in 19 healthy dogs, 15 dogs with pituitary-dependent hypercortisolism (pdh) and eight dogs with other diseases before and one hour after an injection of synthetic adrenocorticotrophic hormone (acth). At both times the dogs with pdh had significantly higher concentrations of cortisol, 17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone, 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone and 21-deoxycortisol than the healthy dogs. Basal 11-deoxycortisol concentrations were also significantly higher in dogs with pdh compared with healthy dogs. When compared with the dogs with other diseases, the dogs with pdh had significantly higher basal and post-acth cortisol and basal 21-deoxycortisol, and significantly lower post-acth 11-deoxycortisol concentrations. The dogs with other diseases had significantly higher post-acth cortisol, 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone and 11-deoxycortisol concentrations than the healthy dogs. In general, the post-acth concentrations of 17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone, 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, 11-deoxycortisol and 21-deoxycortisol were more variable than the post-acth concentrations of cortisol, resulting in large overlaps of the concentrations of these hormones between the three groups. A two-graph receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to maximise the sensitivity and specificity of each hormone for diagnosing hypercortisolism; it showed that the post-acth concentration of cortisol had the highest sensitivity and specificity. The overlaps between the healthy dogs, the dogs with pdh and the dogs with other diseases suggested that the individual precursor hormones would not be useful as a screening test for hypercortisolism.  相似文献   

Prospects and results for optical systems for site-specific on-the-go control of nitrogen-top-dressing in Germany     

H. J. Heege  S. Reusch  E. Thiessen 《Precision Agriculture》2008,9(3):115-131

Signals for site-specific nitrogen-top-dressing can be obtained by a sensor mounted on a tractor. The plant appearance can serve as a criterion. The question is which plant criteria provide pertinent information and how this can be indicated. Increasing the nitrogen-supply changes leaf colour from yellow-green to blue-green via the chlorophyll-concentration in the leaves and leads to growth of plants. Present sensing systems measure either chlorophyll concentration in the leaves, total area of the leaves or crop resistance against bending. The aim and purpose of this study is to outline prospects for application. Therefore, the emphasis is on results and not on experimental methods, to which references are given. Mainly optical sensing systems relying on reflectance or fluorescence are dealt with. Good signals of the nitrogen-supply can be obtained from the red edge plus the near infrared range of the reflectance. The results with some new spectral indices were better than those with standard spectral indices. Fluorescence sensing instead of reflectance sensing eliminates erroneous signals from bare soil. However, only low supply rates were clearly indicated. The biomass of the crop or the total area of its leaves is a very important criterion. Reflectance indices can take this into account. Fluorescence signals are barely influenced by this parameter.  相似文献   

Epidermal dysplasia and Malassezia infection in two West Highland White Terrier siblings: an inherited skin disorder or reaction to severe Malassezia infection?     

Nett CS  Reichler I  Grest P  Hauser B  Reusch CE 《Veterinary dermatology》2001,12(5):285-290

Two 9-month-old West Highland White Terrier siblings were referred to our clinic with pruritus, alopecia and lichenification. Cytological examination of Scotch tape strippings revealed Malassezia organisms and cocci. Skin biopsy specimens showed epidermal dysplasia. Treatment included bathing with a 2% miconazole/chlorhexidine-containing shampoo, orally administered ketoconazole (5 mg kg-1, every 12 h) and cloxacillin (25 mg kg-1 every 8 h). Six weeks later, the dermal infection had resolved and there was hair regrowth. However, the dogs were still moderately pruritic. Intradermal allergy testing was positive for house dust mites, storage mites and Malassezia. Immunotherapy was initiated, and treatment with ketoconazole and cloxacillin was stopped. Skin biopsies, which were performed in both dogs 4 months after the first presentation, revealed mild superficial perivascular dermatitis. The remaining mild facial pruritus was easily controlled with topical treatment. These two cases indicate that epidermal dysplasia might be an inflammatory or hypersensitivity reaction to the Malassezia infection or a result of excessive self-trauma, rather than a congenital keratinization disorder.  相似文献   

Ultrasonography of the parathyroid glands in dogs--a review     

Reusch C 《Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde》2001,143(2):55-62

The purpose of the study was to give an overview over the usefulness of ultrasonographic examination of parathyroid glands in dogs. By means of a 10 MHz high-resolution linear transducer it was possible to visualize parathyroid glands in healthy dogs. There was a positive correlation between body weight and size of the parathyroid glands, additionally the likelihood to detect 4 glands increased with an increase in body weight. Dogs with chronic renal failure had significantly larger parathyroid glands than healthy dogs and dogs with acute renal failure. In dogs with hypercalcemia of malignancy either none or parathyroids which were small in relation to body weight were detected. In contrast visualisation of parathyroid masses in dogs with primary hyperparathyroidism was easy due to their increased size and anechoic appearance. In dogs with severe azotemia the ultrasonographic examination of the parathyroid glands is helpful to differentiate between acute and chronic renal failure, in dogs with hypercalcemia to differentiate between hypercalcemia of malignancy and hypercalcemia due to primary hyperparathyroidism.  相似文献   

Endogenous TSH in the diagnosis of hypothyroidism in dogs     

Boretti FS  Reusch CE 《Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde》2004,146(4):183-188

To determine whether measurement of canine thyrotropin (cTSH) would aid in the diagnosis of hypothyroidism, serum samples of 65 dogs with clinical signs suggestive of hypothyroidism were evaluated. Diagnosis was confirmed in 26 dogs and excluded in 39 dogs based on TSH-stimulation testing. Total thyroxine (T4) was significantly lower and cTSH significantly higher in hypothyroid dogs compared to euthyroid dogs. Canine TSH was above (> 0.6 ng/ml) in 15 (57.7%) and below the upper limit of the reference range in 11 (42.3%) of the hypothyroid dogs. All of the euthyroid dogs had a cTSH < 0.6 ng/ml. In all dogs with a cTSH above the upper limit of the reference range hypothyroidism could be confirmed. Therefore, our results show that measurement of cTSH has an excellent specificity (100%) and is a valuable tool in confirming canine hypothyroidism. However, due to the low sensitivity of cTSH assays (60%), it can not be recommended to exclude the disease.  相似文献   

Capillary blood sampling from the ear of dogs and cats and use of portable meters to measure glucose concentration     

Wess G  Reusch C 《The Journal of small animal practice》2000,41(2):60-66

Two new methods for collection of capillary blood from the ear of dogs and cats for the measurement of blood glucose concentration using portable blood glucose meters (PBGMs) are described. The first method uses a lancing device after pre-warming the ear, while the second employs a vacuum lancing device. Both methods generated blood drops of adequate size, although the latter method was faster and easier to perform. Accuracy of the two PBGMs was evaluated clinically and statistically. Although assessment of statistical accuracy revealed differences between the PBGMs and the reference method, all of the PBGM readings were within clinically acceptable ranges. Measurement of capillary blood glucose concentration is easy to perform, inexpensive and fast. It may be used by owners to determine blood glucose concentrations at home, and could serve as a new tool for monitoring diabetic dogs and cats.  相似文献   

Ultrasonographic examination of the adrenal gland and evaluation of the hypophyseal-adrenal axis in 20 cats     

Zimmer C  Hörauf A  Reusch C 《The Journal of small animal practice》2000,41(4):156-160

The adrenal glands of 20 healthy, non-sedated cats were examined ultrasonographically; visualisation and assessment was possible in all cases. In comparison with the surrounding tissue, the adrenal glands were hypoechoic and two distinct zones could be differentiated in six of the cats. The length and width of the adrenal glands varied from 0.45 to 1.37 cm and 0.29 to 0.53 cm, respectively, and both dimensions could be reliably reproduced. The adrenal glands did not differ between male and female cats, and, in comparison to dogs, those of cats are more easily visualised ultrasonographically. The basal cortisol value ranged from 2.0 to 79 micrograms/litre. Values 30 and 60 minutes after administration of ACTH (0.125 mg/cat intramuscularly) varied from 36 to 126 micrograms/litre. The basal value of aldosterone ranged from 4 to 618 pg/ml. Values 30 and 60 minutes after administration of ACTH varied from 100 to 832 pg/ml. In all cats, suppression of the cortisol value below the level of detection (< 2.0 micrograms/litre) occurred four and eight hours after the administration of dexamethasone (0.1 mg/kg intravenously).  相似文献