Characterisation of Chlamydia psittaci isolated from a horse   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

J M Wills  G Watson  M Lusher  T S Mair  D Wood  S J Richmond 《Veterinary microbiology》1990,24(1):11-19

This paper describes the isolation and characterisation of a strain of Chlamydia psittaci obtained from a nasal swab taken from a horse with serous nasal discharge. Initial isolation was achieved in cycloheximide-treated McCoy cell monolayers. Chlamydial inclusions stained by immunofluorescence either with a rabbit antiserum raised against C. psittaci or with a monoclonal antibody directed against the genus-specific lipopolysaccharide antigen were single and compact. They did not stain with iodine or with a monoclonal antibody reactive against Chlamydia trachomatis. The agent was re-isolated in the yolk sacs of embryonated hens eggs and designated N16. Identification of the agent was confirmed by electron microscopy. Unique plasmid DNA was prepared from a purified suspension of chlamydial elementary bodies (EBs), and analysed by electrophoresis through 1.0% agarose gels stained by ethidium bromide. This strain of C. psittaci grew relatively slowly in cycloheximide-treated McCoy cells, and the yield of elementary bodies during the course of one growth cycle was relatively low.  相似文献   

Veterinary hospital or animal hospital?     

Richmond G 《The Veterinary record》2004,154(7):215

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Effect of rapamycin treatment during post‐activation and/or in vitro culture on embryonic development after parthenogenesis and in vitro fertilization in pigs          下载免费PDF全文

F Elahi  H Lee  J Lee  ST Lee  CK Park  S‐H Hyun  E Lee 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2017,52(5):741-748

This study investigated the effects of early induction of autophagy on embryonic development in pigs. For this, oocytes or embryos were treated with an autophagy inducer, rapamycin (RP), during post‐activation (Pa), in vitro fertilization (IVF) and/or in vitro culture (IVC). When parthenogenesis (PA) embryos were untreated (control) or treated with various concentrations of RP for 4 hr during Pa, 100 nm RP showed a higher blastocyst formation (48.8 ± 2.7%) than the control (34.6 ± 3.0%). When PA embryos were treated during the first 24 hr of IVC, blastocyst formation was increased (p < .05) by 1 and 10 nm RP (61.9 ± 3.0 and 59.6 ± 3.0%, respectively) compared to the control (43.2 ± 1.8%) and 100 nm RP (47.8 ± 3.2%), with a higher embryo cleavage in response to 10 nm RP (87.3 ± 2.4%) than the control (74.1 ± 3.2%). RP treatment during IVC and Pa + IVC showed increased blastocyst formation (44.7 ± 2.5 and 44.1 ± 2.0%, respectively) compared to the control (33.2 ± 2.0%). In addition, RP treatment during Pa and/or IVC increased glutathione content and inversely reduced reactive oxygen species. In IVF, RP treatment for 6 hr during IVF significantly increased embryonic development (34.0 ± 2.6%) compared to the control (24.8 ± 1.6%), but treatment during IVC for 24 hr with RP did not (23.0 ± 3.8%). Autophagy was significantly increased in PA oocytes by the RP treatment during Pa but not altered by the treatment during the first 24 hr of IVC. Overall, RP treatment positively regulated the pre‐implantation development of pig embryos, probably by regulating cellular redox state and stimulating autophagy.  相似文献   

Effects of Glucose Concentration on in vitro Fertilization in BALB/c Mice     

HT Wu  CK Chou  CS Lin  MC Huang 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2003,38(6):470-474

BALB/c mice are widely used in genetic, tumour and immunological studies. However, the mice demonstrate a lower reproduction rate, low fertility and small litters, because of their highly genetic homozygoisty. Based on in vitro fertilization (IVF), a routine technique for biomedical studies, it is worth to evaluate the effects to BALB/c mice on IVF efficiency. In order to test the genetic factor affecting the IVF efficiency of BALB/c, four reciprocal IVF tests of BALB/cByJ and FVB/NCrl mice were performed. The results showed that the average fertility of IVF sponsored by FVB/NCrl spermatozoa was 69.6%, but only 12.1% was obtained from BALB/cByJ strain. Effect of glucose contained in the culture medium to the IVF efficiency of BALB/cByJ was also evaluated. The results showed that the fertility of BALB/cByJ spermatozoa incubated with 0, 2.7, 5.5, 11.1 and 22.2 mm of glucose in the TYH medium were 6.8, 9.9, 13.9, 32.7 and 22.2%, respectively. It is showed that IVF efficiency of BALB/cByJ spermatozoa could be improved depending on the concentration of glucose in the IVF medium. According to the results, it is beleived that lower IVF of BALB/cByJ mice might be due to the genetic defect in spermatozoa and increasing glucose in the IVF medium which significantly affect the IVF efficiency of BALB/cByl via activating the spermatozoa.  相似文献   

Letter to the editor     

Richmond G 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1992,256(5064):1615-1613

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Allotransplantation of Transgenic Mouse Ovaries Expressing Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein under the Control of the Murine Phosphoglycerate Kinase 1 Promoter     

HT Wu  CK Chou  YC Hung  CK Yu 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(5):900-906

The aim of this study was to generate a transgenic mouse that ubiquitously expressed enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) under the control of the murine phosphoglycerate kinase 1 promoter by allotransplantation of transgenic mouse ovaries. The EGFP transgenic mice expressed green fluorescence in many organs, and the fluorescence was detected as early as the embryonic stage. Ovaries from the EGFP transgenic mice were allotransplanted into recipients and these mice were mated with normal male mice. Histological sections of EGFP‐allotransplanted ovaries from the recipient mice showed the well development and formation at follicles and corpora lutea. The green fluorescence was clearly detectable at the allotransplanted section of the ovaries, which had fused with the normal ovary. The average size of the first litter from these mice was 6.8 ± 1.2 pups per recipient, and 17.8% of the pups expressed EGFP. These results demonstrated that allotransplantation of transgenic ovaries can restore a normal reproductive lifespan and can be used to generate a ubiquitously expressing EGFP animal model.  相似文献   

Effects of triadimefon on the fine structure of germinating conidia of Botrytis allii     

D.V. Richmond 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》1984,21(1):74-83

Conidia of Botrytis allii germinated in the presence of triadimefon to produce stubby and swollen germ tubes. Electron micrographs showed that organelles remained intact after treatment but in some cells there was an increase in vacuolation and in the numbers of lipid vesicles. The most striking changes were in the process of septum formation. Septa almost invariably remained incomplete in the presence of triadimefon but complete in its absence. In some hyphae septa were not produced but the wall became unevenly thickened. Vesicles occurred close to septal and hyphal walls and within swollen parts of walls. Triadimefon probably interferes with the mechanism of septal and hyphal wall construction.  相似文献   

Reproductive performance of Thoroughbred mares on six commercial stud farms     

I BRÜCK  GA ANDERSON  JH HYLAND † 《Australian veterinary journal》1993,70(8):299-303

The records of 1630 mare years from 6 Thoroughbred stud farms in south eastern Australia were analysed for the years 1981 to 1986. Overall pregnancy and foaling rates were 83.9% and 69.3%, respectively. When calculated per served oestrous cycle, pregnancy and foaling rates were 54.7% and 43.1%, respectively. Pregnancy and foaling rates were higher (P < 0.001) for mares 3 to 10 years of age than for older mares. There was no difference in the pregnancy rates of maiden, barren and foaling mares. The foaling rate was significantly higher (P < 0.001) in mares that became pregnant during the first served oestrous cycle (77.8%) than in mares that needed two served oestrous cycles to become pregnant (65.4%). Of all diagnosed pregnancies, 19.5% were not completed. Pregnancy loss was lower (P < 0.05) in maiden (12.4%) than in barren (19.7%) or foaling (20.9%) mares. Twins were diagnosed in 7.8% of all pregnancies. If one conceptus was lost without external interference, 84.1% of pregnancies went to term. If one conceptus was manually crushed, 55.9% of pregnancies were maintained. If prostaglandin was used to terminate twin pregnancies, 60% of mares so treated produced foals the following year.  相似文献   

Observations of Cattle, Goats and Pigs After Administration of Synthetic Interferon Inducers and Subsequent Exposure to Foot and Mouth Disease Virus   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

J. W McVicar  J. Y. Richmond  C. H. Campbell    L. D. Hamilton 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1973,37(4):362-368

Polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid (poly [rI.rC]) was administered intravenously to 11 cattle and 13 goats in doses of 0.25 to 4.0, and 1.0 to 5.0 mg/kg, respectively. Subsequent exposure of these and untreated control animals to foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) failed to demonstrate any differences in either the course or severity of the disease. Serum interferon was detected in cattle one hour after the intravenous administration of poly (rI.rC).

Six pigs given 4, 20, or 100 mg/kg of itaconic-acrylic acid copolymer (IAA, HMW) intraperitoneally reacted clinically the same as six untreated control pigs after contact exposure to FMDV.

Three pigs given 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg of divinyl ether-maleic anhydride copolymer (DVE/MA, pyran) intraperitoneally similarly failed to show any difference in clinical reaction from three untreated control pigs after intranasal instillation of FMDV. Three pigs given 100, 200 or 400 mg/kg of DVE/MA intraperitoneally developed rapid diffuse peritonitis causing the death of one in 48 hours.

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Comparison of the somatotropic axis in free-ranging and rehabilitated harbor seal pups (Phoca vitulina)     

Julie P Richmond  John Skinner  James Gilbert  Lisa M Mazzaro  Steven A Zinn 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2008,39(3):342-348

The somatotropic axis, including growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, and IGF binding proteins (IGFBP), is a bridge between growth physiology, developmental age, and nutritional status in domestic animals. However, the importance of the somatotropic axis in nutrition, growth, and development of harbor seals has not been previously explored. Given the difficulty of conducting longitudinal studies in free-ranging harbor seals, this study focused on the potential use of harbor seals in rehabilitation facilities as a model for free-ranging seals. The purpose of this research was to compare concentrations of components of the somatotropic axis in free-ranging versus rehabilitated harbor seal pups. The hypothesis was that measurements of the somatotropic axis will be similar between individuals of comparable age and nutritional status (fasting versus feeding). To investigate this hypothesis, harbor seal pups (n=8) brought to The Marine Mammal Center (Sausalito, California, USA) or Mystic Aquarium (Mystic, Connecticut, U.S.A.) were initially assessed and determined to be healthy but abandoned. All pups were less than 2 wk of age upon arrival at rehabilitation facilities. Standard length was assessed at the time of arrival and again at release. Body mass was measured every week and blood samples were collected from each pup at 0, 4, and 8 wk of rehabilitation. Blood was collected and morphometrics assessed in free-ranging harbor seal pups (n=8) from the Gulf of Maine. Sera were analyzed for GH, IGF-I, and IGFBP concentrations. Concentrations of GH, IGF-I, and IGFBP-2 and -3 in rehabilitated pups were within a similar range compared with free-ranging pups when considered in the context of presumed nutrient intake. These data suggest that rehabilitated harbor seals may provide a useful model to investigate the effects of nutrient intake on growth and development of harbor seals, and will provide insight into phocid endocrinology and metabolism.  相似文献