Planning the genome institute's future     

Uhlmann WR  Bennett R  Botkin JR  Botstein D  Boughman JA  Chakravarti A  Clayton EW  Kahn J  Koenig B  Murray TH  Olson MV  Rowley J  Terry S  Valle D 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,299(5612):1515; author reply 1515

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Cell signaling. The art of the soluble     

Irvine R 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,316(5826):845-846

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Heterochromatin and RNAi are required to establish CENP-A chromatin at centromeres     

Folco HD  Pidoux AL  Urano T  Allshire RC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,319(5859):94-97

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Root and aerial infections of Chamaecyparis lawsoniana by Phytophthora lateralis: a new threat for European countries     

C. Robin  D. Piou  N. Feau  G. Douzon  N. Schenck  E. M. Hansen 《Forest Pathology》2011,41(5):417-424

Phytophthora lateralis has been isolated from root and collar lesions in Port‐Orford Cedar (POC) trees (Chamaecyparis lawsoniana) in north‐western France (Brittany). These trees, planted in hedgerows, displayed symptoms similar to the typical symptoms of POC root disease. Until now, the disease has been found outside of the nurseries only in western North America. Aerial symptoms, not associated with root or collar infections, were also observed, and P. lateralis was isolated from branch lesions. Similar symptoms were previously observed only in one POC root disease site, located in the Pacific coast of Oregon where climatic conditions are similar to those occurring in Brittany. The reported aetiology as well as the morphological characteristics (deciduous sporangia) of P. lateralis suggests that this species could be air‐dispersed, as described for P. ramorum, a closely related species. This outbreak of P. lateralis in Brittany in farming landscapes associated with the aerial spread of this pathogen represents a new threat for European countries.  相似文献   

Extrusion-induced changes to the chemical profile and viscosity generating properties of citrus fiber     

Redgwell RJ  Curti D  Robin F  Donato L  Pineau N 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(15):8272-8279

Each of 8 variants in extrusion conditions was applied to a commercially available citrus fiber. Extrusion under conditions where the specific mechanical energy (SME) exceeded 400 kJ·kg(-1) was able to solubilize up to 30% of the fibers. Where the SME was ～200 kJ·kg(-1) the degree of fiber solubilization was between 8 and 12%. All extruded fibers showed a loss of water-retaining capacity compared to the reference fiber, and this was attributed to the disruption of the integrated cell wall structure during the extrusion process. Nevertheless, within the 8 extruded variants there was a wide range of viscosity generating capacity which depended on the level of SME to which the fibers were subjected. The SME also had a pronounced effect on the nature of the solubilized fibers in terms of both their monosaccharide composition and their molecular weight profile. Both pectic and hemicellulosic polysaccharides were solubilized. It is concluded that extrusion has promise as a physical process for manipulating both the technological functionality and the health promoting properties of dietary fibers.  相似文献   

Efficacy of a single dose of an otic ivermectin preparation or selamectin for the treatment of Otodectes cynotis infestation in naturally infected cats     

Nunn-Brooks L  Michael R  Ravitz LB  Kordick D  Lappin MR 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2011,13(8):622-624

Otodectes cynotis infestation is common in kittens housed in crowded environments like animal shelters. It is unknown how rapidly O cynotis is killed within the first 72h of treatment with currently available products. Kittens ≥4 weeks of age with live O cynotis in both ears (AU) were administered 0.5ml of 0.01% ivermectin otic suspension (Acarexx; Idexx Pharmaceuticals) once, AU or selamectin (Revolution; Pfizer Animal Health) once, on the skin following the manufacturer's instructions. Repeat microscopic examination was performed on individual ears based on a randomization schedule during the 72h after treatment. There was no evidence of toxicity with either drug and administration of 0.01% ivermectin significantly reduced the time to live mite-free status compared to selamectin. Both drugs have an effect against O cynotis as early as 10-12h after administration with an increasing effect over time.  相似文献   

Schirmer tear tests and intraocular pressures in conscious and anesthetized koalas (Phascolarctus cinereus)     

Grundon RA  Anderson GA  Lynch M  Hardman C  O'Reilly A  Stanley RG 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2011,14(5):292-295

Objective To estimate mean Schirmer tear test (STT) and intraocular pressure (IOP) values in healthy koalas both conscious and anesthetized. Methods Data were gathered from koalas in Victoria, Australia. Conscious examinations were performed on captive koalas. Free‐ranging (wild) koalas were examined under anesthesia. Anesthesia was induced using alfaxalone, and animals were maintained on oxygen and isoflurane if required. All animals were healthy and had no surface ocular pathology detectable during slit lamp biomicroscopy. STT I tests were performed using commercial STT test strips placed in the lower fornix for 1 min. IOP was measured using an applanation tonometer after topical anesthesia. The higher value of the two eyes for both STT and IOP was analyzed. STT was measured in 53 koalas (34 conscious, 19 anesthetized) and IOP was measured in 43 koalas (30 conscious, 13 anesthetized). A two‐sample t‐test was used to compare means. A P‐value <0.05 was regarded as significant. Mean ± SD is presented. Results The mean higher STT in conscious koalas was 10.3 ± 3.6 mm wetting/min and in anesthetized koalas it decreased to 3.8 ± 4.0 mm wetting/min (P < 0.0001). The mean higher IOP in conscious koalas was 15.3 ± 5.1 mmHg, and in anesthetized koalas it was 13.8 ± 3.4 mmHg (P = 0.32). There was no effect of sex on either STT or IOP. Conclusions The mean and SD of STT and IOP values for koalas both conscious and anesthetized were reported. The mean STT was significantly reduced by alfaxalone anesthesia.  相似文献   

Tracheostomy tube occlusion during emergency tracheostomy in a pigmy goat     

Santos LC  Gleed RD  Campoy L  Martin-Flores M  Ludders JW 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2011,38(6):624-625

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Diagnostic Hematology     

Robin W. Allison 《Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery》2011,24(6):1-3

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Heartworm genomics: unprecedented opportunities for fundamental molecular insights and new intervention strategies     

Gasser RB  Cantacessi C 《Topics in companion animal medicine》2011,26(4):193-199

Vector-borne diseases, including canine heartworm disease (CHWD), are of major socioeconomic and canine health importance worldwide. Although many studies have provided insights into CHWD, to date there has been limited study of fundamental molecular aspects of Dirofilaria immitis itself, its relationship with the canine host, its vectors, as well as the potential of drug resistance to emerge, using advanced -omic technologies. This article takes a prospective view of the benefits that advanced -omics technologies will have toward understanding D. immitis and CHWD. Tackling key biological questions using these technologies will provide a "systems biology" context and could lead to radically new intervention and management strategies against heartworm.  相似文献