Histopathology, parasite density and cell phenotypes of the popliteal lymph node in canine visceral leishmaniasis   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Giunchetti RC  Martins-Filho OA  Carneiro CM  Mayrink W  Marques MJ  Tafuri WL  Corrêa-Oliveira R  Reis AB 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2008,121(1-2):23-33

While enlargement of popliteal lymph nodes (LN) is frequently described in canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL), there are few histopathologic studies of lymph nodes during this chronic immunopathological condition. Besides a detailed histopathologic analysis, we have characterized the parasite load and major immunophenotypic features of the LN in Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi-infected dogs. Our major histopathological findings highlight that hypertrophy/hyperplasia of LN cortical and medullary zones was the principal characteristic observed in asymptomatic dogs (AD), whereas atrophy of LN cortical zone was predominant in symptomatic animals (SD). The LN parasite density detected by anti-Leishmania immunohistochemical assay or expressed as Leishman Donovan Units was also highly correlated with the skin parasitism, the most reliable parameter to decode the clinical status of CVL. The major LN immunophenotypic changes during ongoing CVL were an increased frequency of T-lymphocytes, particularly CD8+ T-cells, up-regulation of MHC-II expression by lymphocytes and decreased levels of CD21+ B-cells. Our findings further demonstrated that changes in the LN B-lymphocyte compartment exhibited a negative correlation with the skin parasite load. Conversely, we also showed evidence for a positive association between skin parasitism and LN T-cell-mediated immunity, suggesting that T-cells, especially CD8+ lymphocytes, may have a Type-2 immunological profile in this lymphoid tissue in response to CVL.  相似文献   

Comparison of intraperitoneal ropivacaine and bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy     

Carlotta Lambertini  Katharina Kluge  Marta Lanza-Perea  Rodolfo Bruhl-Day  Karin S. Kalchofner Guerrero 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2018,45(6):865-870

Objective

To compare postoperative analgesia following either intraperitoneal (IP) ropivacaine or bupivacaine in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy (OVH) in the scope of multimodal analgesia.

Study design

Prospective, randomized, blinded clinical study.

Animals

A total of 45 privately owned dogs undergoing OVH, aged 37 ± 28 months and weighing 11.3 ± 4.5 kg.

Methods

Dogs were premedicated with acepromazine (0.05 mg kg^?1) and morphine (0.5 mg kg^?1) intramuscularly (IM). Anaesthesia was induced with alfaxalone and maintained with isoflurane in oxygen. Carprofen (4 mg kg^?1) was injected subcutaneously after intubation. Dogs were randomly assigned to receive either bupivacaine (group B; 3 mg kg^?1) or ropivacaine (group R; 3 mg kg^?1) IP prior to complete closure of the linea alba. At 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours after extubation, sedation and postoperative pain were assessed, using the short form of the Glasgow Composite Pain scale (GCPS-SF), a dynamic interactive visual analogue scale (DIVAS), and mechanical nociceptive threshold (MNT) measurement. Rescue morphine (0.2 mg kg^?1) was administered in case of ≥ 5/20 or ≥ 6/24 in the GCPS-SF and/or >40 mm in the DIVAS. Parametric data were compared using the t test; nonparametric data were analysed with the two-sample Wilcoxon test (p < 0.05).

Results

The GCPS-SF score was significantly higher in group R at 8 hours. There was no other significant difference regarding sedation or analgesia between the groups. Rescue analgesia was administered to 15 dogs (R: 9/22; B: 6/22), with no significant difference between the groups. MNT values decreased in both groups at all time points when compared to baseline. No adverse effects were observed.

Conclusions and clinical relevance

Ropivacaine or bupivacaine IP in combination with morphine IM and carprofen SC provided comparable postoperative analgesia in dogs after OVH for 6 hours. However, the anaesthetic protocol used did not prevent the administration of rescue analgesia in 41% of animals.  相似文献   

Comparison of signalment and computed tomography findings in French Bulldogs,Pugs, and English Bulldogs with and without clinical signs associated with thoracic hemivertebra     

Steven De Decker  Rowena M. A. Packer  Rodolfo Cappello  Tom R. Harcourt‐Brown  Cecilia Rohdin  Sergio A. Gomes  Niklas Bergknut  Tom A. Shaw  Mark Lowrie  Rodrigo Gutierrez‐Quintana 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2019,33(5):2151-2159

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Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin (eCG) improves bucks’ semen quality during the nonbreeding season          下载免费PDF全文

Florencia Beracochea  María Noel Viera  Lucía Acevedo  Julián Santiago‐Moreno  Rodolfo Ungerfeld 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(5):1096-1102

In most goat breeds, testosterone serum concentration and semen quality decrease during the nonbreeding season. However, bucks reproductive activity may be stimulated with the administration of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG). Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether the repeated administration of eCG stimulates the reproductive status of bucks during the nonbreeding season. The study was performed with 19 bucks that were assigned to a group that was treated with eCG (GeCG) and an untreated control group (GCon). The GeCG bucks received an initial dose of 800 IU of eCG (Day 0), followed by four doses of 500 IU administered every 5 days beginning on Day 5. Serum testosterone and anti‐eCG antibody concentrations, testicular and seminal traits were determined until Day 60. Testosterone concentration (from Day 3 to 21: p < 0.0001), anti‐eCG titre (from Day 12 to 44: p ≤ 0.01), percentage of motile spermatozoa (Day 6: p = 0.006 and 14: p = 0.001) and of spermatozoa with progressive motility (Day 6: p = 0.01 and 14: p = 0.002) and the percentage of spermatozoa with functional membrane (Day 6: p = 0.02 and 22: p = 0.008) were higher in GeCG than in GCon bucks. Also in frozen‐thawed samples, the percentage of motile spermatozoa tended to be higher in GeCG than that of GCon bucks (p = 0.07). In conclusion, the administration of eCG during the nonbreeding season stimulated the secretion of testosterone and improved fresh and possibly frozen‐thawed semen quality. However, it also resulted in an increase in anti‐eCG antibody titre.  相似文献   

Improvement of Saline-Sodic Grassland Soils Properties by Rotational Grazing in Argentina     

María Cristina Vecchio  Rodolfo A. Golluscio  Adriana M. Rodríguez  Miguel A. Taboada 《Strength and Conditioning Journal》2018,71(6):807-814

We investigated the effectiveness of rotational and permanent grazing exclosure periods for improving topsoil quality in three commercial farms devoted to cattle breeding in sodic grassland (halophytic steppe) soils of the Flooding Pampa of Argentina. We compared two plots under continuous grazing (C1-C2) with two plots under more than 8 yr of rotational grazing management (R1-R2) and two adjacent plots under permanent grazing exclosure for more than 8 (E1) and 4 (E2) yr. Periodic and permanent grazing exclosure periods caused significant (P < 0.05) and progressive increases in topsoil organic carbon content and organic carbon stock (0 ? 20 cm; from 24 to 61 Mg ha^? 1) as follows: (C1 = C2) < (R1 = R2 = E2) < E1 plots. Topsoil physical properties (bulk density, structural instability, and bearing capacity) and salinity were higher (P < 0.05) in C1 and C2 than in the other plots, while infiltration rate was higher in the oldest exclosure (E1) than in the other plots. Topsoil pH decreased from C1-C2 plots (9.5 ? 9.9) to R1-R2 plots (7.3 ? 8.2) to E1-E2 plots (6.5 ? 7.5), while SAR was highest in C1-C2 and lowest in E1 plots. We propose a conceptual model leading to soil recovery in this halophytic steppe community, triggered by organic carbon accumulation induced by grazing management. Short-time grazing exclusion periods (i.e., rotational grazing) are a plausible and low-cost management option to be recommended to the farmers in this highly restrictive environment.  相似文献   

Optimization of harvest regime and post-harvest handling in geranium production to maximize essential oil yield in Rwanda     

Katarina MalatovaNicholas Hitimana  Theodor NiyibiziJames E. Simon  H. Rodolfo Juliani 《Industrial Crops and Products》2011,34(2):1348-1352

In Rwanda, the production of geranium (Pelargonium sp.) essential oil is becoming an important commercial crop for income generation. The understanding of postharvest handling of the crop prior to distillation is a key strategy to maximize oil yields. Two experiments were conducted in commercial fields of rose geranium, Pelargonium graveolens, in Kiyombe (Rwanda) to investigate the effects of (i) the length of dry-down or partial wilt and (ii) the time of day on the quantity and quality of essential oil yield and composition. In the first study, the plant material was harvested at 12:00 noon, and while drying also under the same shade conditions the material was sub-sampled immediately and again at 3 h intervals up through 46-h after harvesting. In the second study, the geranium plants were manually harvested at 10:00 AM, 12:00 noon, 2:00 PM, and 4:00 PM and dried under shade for 17 h prior to steam distillation. The geranium plants harvested in the early afternoon (2:00 PM) had the highest essential oil concentration (0.22%). The chemical profile of the essential oil showed that Kiyombe geranium oil exhibited a suitable chemical composition (citronellol 26.4%, linalool 2.3% and geraniol 13.9%), acceptable for international markets.  相似文献   

Associations between maternal employment and time spent in nutrition-related behaviours among German children and mothers     

Möser A  Chen SE  Jilcott SB  Nayga RM 《Public health nutrition》2012,15(7):1256-1261

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Effects of acaricides on Oligonychus sp. and compatibility with predatory mites Neoseiulus californicus and Phytoseiulus persimilis     

Cua-Basulto  Marcos E.  Ruiz-Sánchez  Esaú  Pérez-Gutiérrez  Alfonzo  Martín-Mex  Rodolfo  Nexticapan-Garcéz  Ángel  Pérez-Brito  Daisy 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2021,128(6):1617-1625

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - In Mexico, outbreaks of phytophagous papaya mites (Oligonychus sp.) can threaten papaya production by damaging young leaves, causing a reduction in plant...  相似文献   

Strategies for the treatment of dairy cows at high risk for postpartum metritis and for the treatment of clinical endometritis in Argentina     

Julian A. Bartolome  Pablo Khalloub  Rodolfo Luzbel de la Sota  Marc Drillich  Pedro G. Melendez 《Tropical animal health and production》2014,46(1):79-85

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of (1) administering ceftiofur hydrochloride in dairy cows with calving-related disorders to prevent metritis and (2) a combination of GnRH and PGF_2α for the treatment of clinical endometritis, under Argentinean dairy farming conditions. Cows at high risk (HRC) for metritis (dystocia, RFM >12 h postpartum, hypocalcaemia, twins, or stillbirth) were randomly assigned to receive either 1.1 mg/Kg of ceftiofur hydrochloride on three consecutive days (HRC treated group HRCT, n?=?110) or remained untreated (HRC control group HRCC, n?=?126). Cows with low risk (LRC, no calving-related disorders, n?=?868) did not receive any treatment (LRC group, n?=?868). All cows were examined for metritis between days 4 and 10 and for clinical endometritis between 24 and 30 days postpartum. The body condition score (BCS) was recorded at both examinations. Cows with endometritis at days 24 to 30 postpartum received either 1.5 mg of D-cloprostenol (PGF; n?=?129) or 100 μg of GnRH followed by D-cloprostenol after 7 days (GnRH+PGF, n?=?119). There was no overall effect of treatment on the incidence of metritis or on time to pregnancy. Treatment, however, reduced the incidence of metritis in cows with high BCS (HRCT?=?24.0 %, HRCC?=?38.5 %) but had no effect in cows with low BCS (HRCT?=?38.7 %, HRCC?=?37.5 %). The proportion of pregnant cows by days in milk was greater (P?<?0.01) in LRC group compared with that of the HRCT and HRCC groups. No significant differences were found between groups PG and PG+GNRH. GnRH+PGF treatment, however, tended (P?=?0.06) to increase pregnancy rate in cows with a moderate loss of BCS (76.5 vs 65.2 %) but tended to reduce pregnancy rate (54.5 vs 76.0 %) in cows with a more pronounced loss in BCS (>0.75 points).  相似文献   

Acknowledgements to referees     

Asko Mäki‐Tanila  Rodolfo Cantet  Ignacy Misztal  Miguel Pérez‐Enciso  Henner Simianer  Julius van der Werf 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2014,131(6):536-536

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