Evaluation of the recognition of Theileria parva vaccine candidate antigens by cytotoxic T lymphocytes from Zebu cattle     

Akoolo L  Pellé R  Saya R  Awino E  Nyanjui J  Taracha EL  Kanyari P  Mwangi DM  Graham SP 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2008,121(3-4):216-221

East Coast fever (ECF) is a highly fatal lymphoproliferative disease of cattle caused by Theileria parva, a tick-borne intracellular apicomplexan parasite. Parasite antigens that are targets of protective cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses are required to formulate a sub-unit vaccine against ECF. A number of CTL target antigens have recently been identified and initial evaluation has shown their vaccine potential. This study aimed to evaluate whether these antigens were recognised by CTL obtained from six genetically diverse Zebu cattle immunized with a cocktail of T. parva stocks. T. parva Muguga specific polyclonal CD8(+) CTL lines were generated and confirmed to specifically lyse autologous infected cells. CTL recognition of autologous skin fibroblasts (iSF) transduced with recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara strain (MVA) expressing previously identified T. parva Muguga vaccine candidate antigens was evaluated using an IFN-gamma ELISpot assay. CTL lines from one of the four calves, BY120, responded specifically to cells infected with MVA expressing the antigen Tp2 and synthetic peptides were employed to map a new CTL epitope on this antigen. Immunoscreening of the T. parva genome with these CTL lines should identify novel antigens that will constitute valuable additions to the vaccine candidates currently being evaluated.  相似文献   

Effects of continuous positive airway pressure on respiratory function in sedated foals     

Sharanne L. Raidal  Rosemary McKean  Paula A. Ellul  Sharon G. Nielsen  Christopher T. Quinn 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2019,29(3):269-278

  相似文献   

Antimicrobial peptides and bacteriocins: alternatives to traditional antibiotics   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Sang Y  Blecha F 《Animal health research reviews / Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases》2008,9(2):227-235

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are ubiquitous, gene-encoded natural antibiotics that have gained recent attention in the search for new antimicrobials to combat infectious disease. In multicellular organisms, AMPs, such as defensins and cathelicidins, provide a coordinated protective response against infection and are a principal component of innate immunity in vertebrates. In unicellular organisms, AMPs, such as bacteriocins, function to suppress competitor species. Because many AMPs kill bacteria by disruption of membrane integrity and are thus thought to be less likely to induce resistance, AMPs are being extensively evaluated as novel antimicrobial drugs. This review summarizes and discusses the antibiotic properties of AMPs highlighting their potential as alternatives to conventional antibiotics.  相似文献   

Effect of dietary nutmeg oil on heat‐stress tolerance‐related parameters in Korean native chicken reared under hot temperature     

Slamet Hartanto  Han Seo Ko  Seung Hwan Jee  Ji Ung Kang  Jee Soo Seo  Yu Hyun Kang  Hee Na Kim  Sang Jip Ohh 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2019,103(4):1160-1167

This study investigated the effect of dietary nutmeg oil (NO) on growth performance, blood parameters, lipid peroxidation and heat shock protein (HSP) 70 expression in Korean native chicken (KNC) reared under hot temperature. We allocated 273 meat‐type KNCs (Hanhyup‐3, 4‐week‐old, body weight [BW] = 539.93 ± 1.75 g) to the following three treatments with seven replicate pens (13 birds/pen) per treatment. Three treatment diets were as follows: (a) Control, basal diet without NO supplementation; (b) NO 250; and (c) NO 500, basal diet supplemented with 250 and 500 ppm NO respectively. Diets and water were provided ad libitum throughout the 6‐week feeding trial. During overall period (0–6 weeks), no differences (p > 0.05) were observed in BW gain (BWG), feed intake (FI) and feed conversion rate (FCR) among treatments. However, the FI at 0–3 weeks decreased (p < 0.05) quadratically with increasing NO levels. Most blood parameters did not differ (p > 0.05) among treatments, although the monocyte level of the NO 500 group was considerably lower (p > 0.05) than that of the other groups. Furthermore, dietary NO did not affect serum triglyceride, cholesterol, total protein, albumin, calcium, phosphorus and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels (p > 0.05); however, it linearly decreased serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level (p < 0.05). Additionally, serum malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration decreased (p < 0.05) and heart MDA concentration was lower (p = 0.08) with increasing dietary NO supplementation. After a 3‐hr heat (35°C) challenge, the rectal temperature (RT) reduced (p < 0.05) linearly with increasing NO levels. Dietary NO did not affect liver HSP70 (p > 0.05) gene expression. In conclusion, NO potentially enhanced the ability of chickens to alleviate heat stress. Furthermore, our findings suggest that lipid oxidation inhibition by dietary NO likely mediated the enhanced heat‐stress tolerance of the chickens.  相似文献   

Effect of nicotinic acid on the plasma membrane function and polyunsaturated fatty acids composition during cryopreservation in boar sperm     

Sang‐Hee Lee  Yu‐Jin Kim  Byeong Ho Kang  Choon‐Keun Park 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2019,54(9):1251-1257

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of nicotinic acid on plasma membrane integrity and fatty acid composition in frozen–thawed boar sperm. Boar semen was cryopreserved using freezing extender containing nicotinic acid (NA), then plasma membrane integrity, osmotic equilibration, lipid peroxidation and fatty acid were analysed. The plasma membrane integrity of frozen–thawed sperm was significantly higher in the 10 mM NA than in the 0 and 20 mM NA treatment groups (p < 0.05). Additionally, the osmotic equilibration ability was not different in treatment groups, but lipid peroxidation was significantly decreased in the 10 mM NA treatment group (p < 0.05). The saturated fatty acids were significantly decreased in the 10 mM NA treatment group, and C18:1n‐9, C18:2n‐6, C20:4n‐6, C22:5n‐6 and C22:6n‐3, and total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were significantly increased in the 10 mM NA treatment groups (p < 0.05). In summary, 10 mM NA improved plasma membrane integrity, inhibited lipid peroxidation and increased PUFAs in frozen–thawed boar sperm. These results suggest that NA may be useful to protect the plasma membrane and inhibit the loss of PUFAs for sperm cryopreservation in pigs.  相似文献   

Effects of illite supplementation on in vitro and in vivo rumen fermentation,microbial population and methane emission of Hanwoo steers fed high concentrate diets          下载免费PDF全文

Ashraf A. Biswas  Sung‐Sill Lee  Lovelia L. Mamuad  Seon‐Ho Kim  Yeon‐Jae Choi  Chanhee Lee  Kichoon Lee  Gui‐Seck Bae  Sang‐Suk Lee 《Animal Science Journal》2018,89(1):114-121

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding supplemental illite to Hanwoo steers on methane (CH₄) emission and rumen fermentation parameters. An in vitro ruminal fermentation technique was conducted using a commercial concentrate as substrate and illite was added at different concentrations as treatments: 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.0% illite. Total volatile fatty acids (VFA) were different (P < 0.05) at 24 h of incubation where the highest total VFA was observed at 1.0% of illite. Conversely, lowest CH₄ production (P < 0.01) was found at 1.0% of illite. In the in vivo experiment, two diets were provided, without illite and with addition of 1% illite. An automated head chamber (GreenFeed) system was used to measure enteric CH₄ production. Cattle received illite supplemented feed increased (P < 0.05) total VFA concentrations in the rumen compared with those fed control. Feeding illite numerically decreased CH₄ production (g/day) and yield (g/kg dry matter intake). Rumen microbial population analysis indicated that the population of total bacteria, protozoa and methanogens were lower (P < 0.05) for illite compared with the control. Accordingly, overall results suggested that feeding a diet supplemented with 1% illite can have positive effects on feed fermentation in the rumen and enteric CH₄ mitigation in beef cattle.  相似文献   

Molecular cloning and expression analysis of pig CD81   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Cho KW  Kim SJ  Park CG  Park J  Cho JY  Kang HS  Chun T 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2007,120(3-4):254-259

CD81, also known as TAPA-1 (target of antiproliferative antibody 1), is a member of the tetraspanin family of proteins and a component of the B cell co-receptor complex. Several studies have shown that CD81 plays significant roles in a variety of immune responses, including activation of B cells and T cells. In this study, we cloned pig Cd81 cDNA using RT-PCR coupled with rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE)-PCR and determined the complete cDNA sequence of pig Cd81. Pig Cd81 cDNA contains an open reading frame (711 bp) encoding 236 amino acids. The identity of pig CD81 with those of human, cattle, rat, and mouse are 90.30%, 92.26%, 86.22%, and 86.22%, respectively. Alignment of the CD81 amino acid sequence with those of mammalian species showed that the large extracellular loop (LEL) is the most divergent, whereas other domains are largely conserved. Pig Cd81 mRNA was detected by RT-PCR in a broad range of tissues, including lymphoid tissues as well as nonlymphoid tissues, indicated variety of cellular functions of CD81 in most pig tissues. Flow cytometry analyses demonstrated that human CD81 antibody recognizes a pig CD81 on the cell surface. Further, immunohistochemistry analysis using human CD81 antibody on pig spleen was revealed that CD81 expression is widely diffused in spleen tissue. Future study will be focused on defining the functional role of CD81 during the course of pig infectious diseases.  相似文献   

“三大硬阔”叶片气体交换过程的时间动态     

桑运荣  王传宽  赵惠勋  周晓峰 《东北林业大学学报》1998,(6)

水曲柳、胡桃楸和黄波罗是东北东部山区天然次生林的主要组成树种。采用红外气体交换分析仪,分别在叶片生长初期、中期和末期,同步测定了净光合速率（Ａ）、气孔导度（ＧＳ）、蒸腾速率（Ｅ）及其相关的外界环境因子的日变化。三大硬阔的Ａ和Ｅ的日变化格局随树种、生长季节和天气状况而表现为单峰、双峰和多峰曲线等三种类型。水曲柳、胡桃楸和黄波罗单位面积叶片的最大净光合速率（Ａｍａｘ）分别为１５１１、２１５４和２３０３μｍｏｌ·ｍ－２·ｓ－１;但测得的日平均净光合速率峰值（Ａｍｅａｎ）以胡桃楸最大,为１１０７μｍｏｌ·ｍ－２·ｓ－１,水曲柳和黄波罗分别为８５１和８６５μｍｏｌ·ｍ－２·ｓ－１。在所测定的日期中,三大硬阔的光合作用变化主要是由非气孔限制引起的。三个树种的蒸腾速率的差异及其变化均不大,平均Ｅｍｅａｎ为２０ｍｏｌ·ｍ－２·ｓ－１左右。  相似文献   

发挥忧信息在农业决策中的作用     

桑钟伦 《中国农业信息》1998,(1)

阐述了正确评价忧信息在农业决策中的地位和作用,必须坚持的原则,及从提高信息工作者素质入手,搞好忧信息工作的途径和方法.  相似文献   

抑制素主动免疫对母牛卵泡发育的影响   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

刘春海  牛树理 《河北农业大学学报》1999,22(3):72-74,96

本试验以猪精液抑制素粗提物主动免疫母牛,研究了对母牛卵泡发育和内分泌的影响。免疫,母牛的卵泡发育率为１４５．５％,排卵率为１１８．２％,分别比对照组提高４５．５％和１８．２％。通过放射免疫法对免疫牛血液中ＦＳＨ,ＬＨ,Ｅ２水平测定发现,发情时免疫组母牛ＦＳＨ水平高于对照组,免疫组中多卵发育牛ＦＳＨ水平高于单卵牛,免疫组与对照组中ＬＨ水平相差不大,多卵牛发情时Ｅ２水平较高。  相似文献