Owner compliance with short term antimicrobial medication in dogs     

LS BARTER  ADJ WATSON  JE MADDISON 《Australian veterinary journal》1996,74(4):277-280

Summary: The degree to which dog owners complied with instructions to administer a 5 to 10 day course of antimicrobial medication to their pets was assessed using microprocessor based monitoring devices. Twenty two clients gave an average of 84% of prescribed doses of amoxycillin-clavulanate. No difference was found between twice and thrice daily dosing regimens in the overall percentage of prescribed doses given. However, timing of doses was far from ideal in many cases and only 34% of doses were given within the designated optimum time period. Adherence to desired dosing intervals tended to be better with twice daily than with thrice daily dosing, although the difference was statistically insignificant.  相似文献   

Naphthalophos combinations with benzimidazoles or levamisole as effective anthelmintics for sheep     

NA COOPER  PF ROLFE  JE SEARSON  KL DAWSON 《Australian veterinary journal》1996,74(3):221-224

Objective: To investigate the relative efficacy and safety of the anthelmintic naphthalophos in sheep, either given alone or in combination with benzimidazole (fenbendazole and albendazole) or levamisole anthelmintics.
Design: A parasitological study using faecal egg count reduction tests, a validating slaughter trial and field safety trials.
Procedure: Faecal egg count reduction tests were carried out on 13 farms. Naphthalophos and combinations of naphthalophos with levamisole and fenbendazole were included in the drench tests. On one property a controlled efficacy study was carried out to validate faecal egg count reduction test findings. In this trial, sheep were slaughtered 10 days after treatment and the remaining parasites recovered from the gastro-intestinal tract. Safety trials were carried out on eight farms where approximately 50 000 sheep were treated with naphthalophos and albendazole that were tank mixed in the backpack.
Results: The efficacy of naphthalophos alone in faecal egg count reduction tests ranged from 59 to 98% with one test showing 95% reduction. The efficacy of naphthalophos and levamisole ranged from 74 to 100%, with 5 farms showing 95% reduction. The efficacy of naphthalophos and fenbendazole ranged between 88 and 100% with 95% reduction achieved on 10 farms. The controlled efficacy study showed a good correlation between the faecal egg count reduction tests and numbers of parasites recovered, except for Nematodirus where the faecal egg count reduction tests overestimated efficacy. The mortality rate in the safety trials was 0.05%, with most fatalities occurring on one farm.
Conclusion: The combination of naphthalophos and fenbendazole was more effective than a combination of naphthalophos and levamisole, and will provide a sufficiently safe drench rotation option.  相似文献   

Bighorn sheep habitat use and selection near an urban environment     

Esther S Rubin  Walter M Boyce  Chris J StermerSteven G Torres 《Biological conservation》2002,104(2):251-263

To further understand the impact of urban development on wildlife populations, we examined habitat use and selection by female bighorn sheep Ovis canadensis in two endangered subpopulations near a metropolitan area in southern California. One subpopulation, which had previously been found to have low reproductive success, selected urban environments while the other did not use urban areas. In the subpopulation that used urban areas, females had smaller core activity areas and selected lower elevations and gentler slopes. These females used urban sources of water but a clear relationship between levels of urban use and periods of increased water need was not evident. Diet quality was higher among females that selected urban areas, and this increase was correlated with the level of urban use. Thus, optimal foraging behavior may have contributed to the selection of urban areas. Urban use was lowest during peak months of parturition, suggesting that reproductive strategies may also have influenced temporal patterns of urban use. Although urban areas provided bighorn sheep with forage and water resources, the use of these areas may have substantial costs. For example, females using urban areas had internal parasites that were not found elsewhere in the Peninsular Ranges.  相似文献   

Star charts     

Rubin V 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1980,210(4470):632

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Methane in lake kivu: new data bearing on its origin     

Deuser WG  Degens ET  Harvey GR  Rubin M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1973,181(4094):51-54

Lake Kivu, an African rift lake, contains about 50 cubic kilometers of methane (at standard temperature and pressure) in its deep water. Data resulting from two recent expeditions to the lake and a reevaluation of earlier data suggest that most of the methane was formed by bacteria from abiogenetic carbon dioxide and hydrogen, rather than being of volcanic origin or having formed from decomposing organic matter.  相似文献   

Geologic evidence for recurrent moderate to large earthquakes near charleston, South Carolina     

Obermeier SF  Gohn GS  Weems RE  Gelinas RL  Rubin M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1985,227(4685):408-411

Multiple generations of earthquake-induced sand blows in Quaternary sediments and soils near Charleston, South Carolina, are evidence of recurrent moderate to large earthquakes in that area. The large 1886 earthquake, the only historic earthquake known to have produced sand blows at Charleston, probably caused the youngest observed blows. Older (late Quaternary) sand blows in the Charleston area indicate at least two prehistoric earthquakes with shaking severities comparable to the 1886 event.  相似文献   

Crystal structure of a naturally occurring dinucleoside monophosphate: uridylyl (3',5') adenosine hemihydrate   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

J Rubin  T Brennan  M Sundaralingam 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1971,174(13):1020-1022

The crystal structure of uridylyl (3',5') adenosine hemihydrate has been analyzed by x-ray diffraction. The two independent molecules found in the asymmetric unit exhibit conformations that differ significantly from those found in double-helical RNA. The conformational information obtained from this analysis provides considerable insight into the possible conformations of nonhelical "loop" regions of transfer RNA, as well as single-stranded regions of nucleic acids in general.  相似文献   

Stars, galaxies, cosmos: the past decade, the next decade     

Rubin VC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1980,209(4452):64-71

Our perception of the universe has been altered by recent discoveries in astronomy, discoveries of new objects and of new phenomena, coming from a wide range of observing techniques. By 1990 astronomers expect to know more about the distribution of mass in the universe, the physics of energetic sources, and the intricate interconnections of astrophysical processes on a variety of spatial and temporal scales.  相似文献   

msCHRIS小麦单体系细胞学观察及其利用设计     

郑喜俭  范濂  张汝斌  范平  孙建英 《河南农业大学学报》1988,(4)

1983—1987年对CHRIS 小麦不育胞质单体系进行细胞学观察及其利用研究。结果表明:确定单体的最好时期是后期Ⅰ、中期Ⅰ。利用msCHRIS 小麦单体进行恢复基因染色体定位,如果恢复基因在这一条单体上,杂种后代可育株与不育株分离比例为97:3:如果不在这一条单体上,可育株与不育株分离比例为3:1。利用mscHRIS 小麦单体作轮回亲本与八倍体小黑麦和普通小麦杂种后代回交,能够创造新的小麦不育系、恢复系的添加系21Ⅱ+1ⅡR 和代换系21Ⅱ+1ⅡR～1ⅡA。  相似文献   

Spontaneous formation of macroscopic chiral domains in a fluid smectic phase of achiral molecules     

DR Link  G Natale  R Shao  JE Maclennan  NA Clark  E Korblova  DM Walba 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1997,278(5345):1924-1927

A smectic liquid-crystal phase made from achiral molecules with bent cores was found to have fluid layers that exhibit two spontaneous symmetry-breaking instabilities: polar molecular orientational ordering about the layer normal and molecular tilt. These instabilities combine to form a chiral layer structure with a handedness that depends on the sign of the tilt. The bulk states are either antiferroelectric-racemic, with the layer polar direction and handedness alternating in sign from layer to layer, or antiferroelectric-chiral, which is of uniform layer handedness. Both states exhibit an electric field-induced transition from antiferroelectric to ferroelectric.  相似文献