Agricultural injuries in Central India: nature,magnitude, and economic impact     

Tiwari PS  Gite LP  Dubey AK  Kot LS 《Journal of agricultural safety and health》2002,8(1):95-111

A study was carried out in Madhya Pradesh (Central India) to collect data on injury-causing agricultural incidents during the period 1995-1999. The overall incidence rate was 1.25/1000 workers/year. About 9.2% of the incidents were fatal, and most of the fatal incidents were due to tractors and snakebites (42.9% each). About 77.6% of all incidents were due to farm machinery, 11.8% were due to hand tools, and the remaining 10.6% were due to other sources like snakes, wells, etc. Data on 1,911 incidents reported in 10 leading newspapers published during the five-year period (1995-1999) from different regions of the state were also collected and analyzed, which indicated that only major or roadside agricultural incidents were reported in newspapers. Based on the survey data, it was estimated that in the year 2000 there would have been about 17,480 agricultural incidents in Madhya Pradesh, causing death to about 2,050 workers and injuries to about 16,770 workers, including amputations of limbs, burns, cuts, etc. Total monetary loss due to agricultural injuries in the state of Madhya Pradesh has been estimated as US $27 million/year.  相似文献   

Variation of enzyme activities, CO2 evolution and redox potential in an Eutric Histosol irrigated with wastewater and tap water   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M. Brzezinska  S. C. Tiwari  Zofia Stepniewska  M. Nosalewicz  R. P. Bennicelli  A. Samborska 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2006,43(1):131-135

An Eutric Histosol soil was irrigated for 4 years with municipal wastewater to compare its characteristics with a soil under natural rainfall that had never received wastewater and a soil that was irrigated with normal tap water. Four years irrigation of the soil with wastewater caused significant (P<0.001) increase in dehydrogenase, urease, acid and alkaline phosphate activities and CO₂ evolution, and reduced the redox potential (P<0.05). The influence of treatments and plant cover on soil properties were significant (P<0.05) under both salix and grasses, except for few properties (redox potential and urease and alkaline phosphatase activities). It is suggested that, although different toxicants, e.g. heavy metals, may accumulate in wastewater-treated soils, enrichment of soil with organic substances and nutrients stimulated CO₂ evolution and enzyme activities in the irrigated soil.  相似文献   

Effects of organic manure and NPK fertilization on earthworm activity in an Oxisol     

S. C. Tiwari 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》1993,16(4):293-295

The effects of fertilization with N, P, K, and organic manure (alone or in combination) on earthworm populations, biomass, and casting activity were measured in a cultivated soil (organic C 1.5%, annual rainfall 2000–2300 mm). These applications of fertilizer caused significant increases in earthworm numbers, biomass, and casts. N alone or in combination with P and K also influenced these earthworm parameters significantly. The inorganic NPK fertilizer in combination with organic manure had a significantly greater effect on earthworm activities than NPK fertilizer alone, and therefore the addition of organic matter appears advisable in order to obtain maximum benefits from NPK fertilizer in this soil.  相似文献   

Growth potential and biocide tolerance of non-heterocystous filamentous cyanobacterial isolates from rice fields of Uttar Pradesh, India     

O. Tiwari  R. Prasanna  A. Yadav  Wattal D. Dhar  P. Singh 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2001,34(4):291-295

Twenty-eight non-heterocystous filamentous cyanobacterial strains were isolated from different locations in the rice fields of Uttar Pradesh. These strains belonged to seven genera, namely Pseudanabaena, Limnothrix, Phormidium, Microcoleus, Plectonema, Lyngbya and Oscillatoria. A wide variation was observed in these strains with respect to dry weight, generation time and tolerance to biocides. Lyngbya palmarum and Oscillatoria acuminata showed maximum biomass (dry weight), while Pseudanabaena frigidum, Phormidium foveolarum, O. acuminata, Lyngbya palmarum and Lyngbya spiralis showed a significantly shorter generation time as compared to other strains studied. An interesting feature observed was that these non-heterocystous filamentous cyanobacteria possessed a remarkable tolerance to the biocides 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, Malathion and Dimecron, at doses much higher than those recommended for rice crops.  相似文献   

Microbial populations,enzyme activities and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium enrichment in earthworm casts and in the surrounding soil of a pineapple plantation     

S. C. Tiwari  B. K. Tiwari  R. R. Mishra 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》1989,8(2):178-182

Summary Total populations of bacteria and fungi, dehydrogenase activity (as a measure of total potential microbial activity), and urease and phosphatase activities were determined in earthworm casts and surrounding laterite soils planted to pineapple. The casts contained higher microbial populations and enzyme activities than the soil. Except for fungal populations, statistically significant (P = 0.05) increases were found in all other parameters. Microbial populations and enzyme activities showed similar temporal trends with higher values in spring and summer and lower values in winter. The earthworm casts contained higher amounts of N, P, K and organic C than the soil (P = 0.05). Selective feeding by earthworms on organically rich substrates, which break down during passage through the gut, is likely to be responsible for the higher microbial populations and greater enzyme activity in the casts.  相似文献   

A note on the effect of cooling rate, temperature of storage and packing material on the livability of ram spermatozoa.     

S B Tiwari  K L Sahni 《The Indian veterinary journal》1976,53(3):232-234

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Influence of the dwarfing gene dw on egg production and viability under summer heat stress     

A G Khan  R N Tiwari  K K Baghel  R D Gupta 《British poultry science》1987,28(3):541-546

1. Dwarf egg layer (Narmada XL) dwarf broiler (DB) and normal bodied sib (NB) hens were studied under cyclic summer hot and dry heat stress of 21.1 to 45.5 degrees C for a period of 50 d. The genotype effect for egg production was significant (P less than 0.01). 2. N-XL and DB genotypes laid 12.1% more eggs than NB. Egg production declined by 3.17, 1.27 and 3.25% for a rise in temperature (maximum) of 1 degree C for N-XL, DB and NB genotypes respectively. 3. Egg production in Narmada XL declined by 42% compared to 25% in the dwarf broilers. The regression coefficients differed significantly. 4. For polygenically identical DB and NB broiler breeder hens the heat stressor significantly reduced egg production 1.98% more in the NB genotype compared with DB with a 1 degree C rise in temperature. 5. Mortality was less in the N-XL as compared to DB, but NB hens showed 11.7% more mortality than dwarfs.  相似文献   

Metabolic pathways of biuret degradation and formation of a biuret-complex in the rumen     

A D Tiwari  F N Owens  U S Garrigus 《Journal of animal science》1973,37(6):1390-1395

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A note on the effect of underground housing on semen production of Rambouillet rams under semi-arid conditions     

S B Tiwari  K L Sahni 《The Indian journal of animal sciences》1974,44(3):206-208

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Colouration of the mucosa of the fore-stomachs of buffalo-calves and presence of iron containing pigment in the epithelium     

G P Tiwari  M N Jamdar 《The Indian veterinary journal》1969,46(12):1046-1048

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