Antifungal properties of Ocimum gratissimum essential oil (ethyl cinnamate chemotype).   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

N K Dubey  T N Tiwari  D Mandin  H Andriamboavonjy  J P Chaumont 《Fitoterapia》2000,71(5):567-569

Largely widespread in tropical countries, Ocimum gratissimum has been claimed for many uses in folk medicine. Recent research on its essential oils showed five chemotypes. An Indian chemotype, with a high level of ethyl cinnamate, presents, in vitro, an interesting spectrum of antifungal properties.  相似文献   

Probiotics as beneficial microbes in aquaculture: an update on their multiple modes of action: a review     

Mohammad Jalil Zorriehzahra  Somayeh Torabi Delshad  Ruchi Tiwari  K. Karthik  Kuldeep Dhama 《The Veterinary quarterly》2016,36(4):228-241

Wide and discriminate use of antibiotics has resulted in serious biological and ecological concerns, especially the emergence of antibiotic resistance. Probiotics, known as beneficial microbes, are being proposed as an effective and eco-friendly alternative to antibiotics. They were first applied in aquaculture species more than three decades ago, but considerable attention had been given only in the early 2000s. Probiotics are defined as live or dead, or even a component of the microorganisms that act under different modes of action in conferring beneficial effects to the host or to its environment. Several probiotics have been characterized and applied in fish and a number of them are of host origin. Unlike some disease control alternatives being adapted and proposed in aquaculture where actions are unilateral, the immense potential of probiotics lies on their multiple mechanisms in conferring benefits to the host fish and the rearing environment. The staggering number of probiotics papers in aquaculture highlights the multitude of advantages from these microorganisms and conspicuously position them in the dynamic search for health-promoting alternatives for cultured fish. This paper provides an update on the use of probiotics in finfish aquaculture, particularly focusing on their modes of action. It explores the contemporary understanding of their spatial and nutritional competitiveness, inhibitory metabolites, environmental modification capability, immunomodulatory potential and stress-alleviating mechanism. This timely update affirms the importance of probiotics in fostering sustainable approaches in aquaculture and provides avenues in furthering its research and development.  相似文献   

Nipah virus: epidemiology,pathology, immunobiology and advances in diagnosis,vaccine designing and control strategies – a comprehensive review     

Raj Kumar Singh  Ruchi Tiwari  Senthilkumar Natesan  Rekha Khandia 《The Veterinary quarterly》2019,39(1):26-55

Nipah (Nee-pa) viral disease is a zoonotic infection caused by Nipah virus (NiV), a paramyxovirus belonging to the genus Henipavirus of the family Paramyxoviridae. It is a biosafety level-4 pathogen, which is transmitted by specific types of fruit bats, mainly Pteropus spp. which are natural reservoir host. The disease was reported for the first time from the Kampung Sungai Nipah village of Malaysia in 1998. Human-to-human transmission also occurs. Outbreaks have been reported also from other countries in South and Southeast Asia. Phylogenetic analysis affirmed the circulation of two major clades of NiV as based on currently available complete N and G gene sequences. NiV isolates from Malaysia and Cambodia clustered together in NiV-MY clade, whereas isolates from Bangladesh and India clusterered within NiV-BD clade. NiV isolates from Thailand harboured mixed population of sequences. In humans, the virus is responsible for causing rapidly progressing severe illness which might be characterized by severe respiratory illness and/or deadly encephalitis. In pigs below six months of age, respiratory illness along with nervous symptoms may develop. Different types of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays along with molecular methods based on polymerase chain reaction have been developed for diagnostic purposes. Due to the expensive nature of the antibody drugs, identification of broad-spectrum antivirals is essential along with focusing on small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). High pathogenicity of NiV in humans, and lack of vaccines or therapeutics to counter this disease have attracted attention of researchers worldwide for developing effective NiV vaccine and treatment regimens.  相似文献   

Freeze-dried powder of cow urine reduces the viability of the snail Lymnaea acuminata     

Ruchi Tripathi  V. K. Singh  D. K. Singh 《Journal of pest science》2006,79(3):143-148

Molluscicidal activity of cow urine alone and with different additives was studied against Lymnaea acuminata. The toxicity of cow urine kept for 15 days in sunlight (8 h/day) or ambient laboratory conditions against the snail was time- and concentration-dependent. The pH of fresh cow urine is 7.4 which changes to 10.9 when kept for 15 days in laboratory; exposure to sunlight for the same period alter the pH to 10.85. Binary combinations (1:1) of freeze-dried cow urine kept for 15 days separately with each of Allium sativum (Liliaceae) bulb powder, Azadirachta indica (Meliaceae) oil, Annona squamosa (Annonaceae) seed powder, Ferula asafoetida (Apiaceae) root latex and tea leaves, and Camellia sinensis (Theaceae) were more toxic to the snail than treatment with urine alone. Additives to cow urine in sunlight were more effective than those under laboratory conditions.  相似文献   

SARS-CoV-2 infection in domestic and feral cats: current evidence and implications     

Khan Sharun  AbdulRahman A. Saied  Ruchi Tiwari  Kuldeep Dhama 《The Veterinary quarterly》2021,41(1):228

Current evidence indicates that cats play a limited role in COVID-19 epidemiology, and pets are probably dead-end hosts of SARS-CoV-2 and pose negligible risks of transmission to humans. Still, one health concept is to be adopted widely as a component of mitigation strategies to tackle the ongoing pandemic. Therefore, in terms of the magnitude of infection and potential to transmit SARS-CoV-2 to humans, our surveillance efforts should mainly focus on mustelids (especially minks, ferrets, and others) for early detection and control of infection. This will ensure that SARS-CoV-2 will not get established in the wild animal population of these susceptible species. We agree with Dr. Passarella Teixeira on the possibility of domestic and feral cats acting as an urban reservoir, subsequently transmitting the virus to human beings. However, it is less likely that such a phenomenon will be reported even if it has occurred due to the efficient and extensive human-to-human transmission of SARS-CoV-2.  相似文献   

Differentiation of infectious bursal disease viruses by restriction enzyme analysis of RT-PCR amplified VP1 gene sequence     

Tiwari AK  Kataria RS  Indervesh  Prasad N  Gupta R 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2003,26(1):47-53

In order to differentiate infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) isolates/strains, a quick method of RT-PCR followed by restriction enzyme analysis of VP1 gene sequence is being reported for the first time. A 480 bp fragment, comprising one of the RNA dependent RNA polymerase motifs of VP1 gene sequence of an Indian classical virus, an attenuated vaccine strain, Georgia and two Indian field isolates, genetically similar to reported very virulent strains of IBDV, was amplified by RT-PCR. Restriction enzyme digestion of PCR products with Taq1 enzyme generated distinct profile for field isolates, different from the classical and attenuated viruses, whereas restriction profile with BstNI restriction enzyme was similar in all the viruses, irrespective of the pathotype. Therefore, the present results suggest that Taq1 digestion can be taken up for the differentiation of field isolates from the classical and vaccine strains. The sequence analysis of VPI gene of reported very virulent IBD viruses from Europe and Japan, using 'MapDraw' programme of Lasergene software, revealed similar restriction enzyme profile as in Indian field isolates.  相似文献   

Metabolism of biuret by ruminants: in vivo and in vitro studies and the role of protozoa in biuretolysis     

A D Tiwari  F N Owens  U S Garrigus 《Journal of animal science》1973,37(6):1396-1402

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Sequence Analysis of an Indian Field Isolate of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Shows Six Unique Amino Acid Changes in the VP1 Gene     

Bais MV  Kataria RS  Tiwari AK  Viswas KN  Reddy AV  Prasad N 《Veterinary research communications》2004,28(7):641-646

Veterinary Research Communications -  相似文献   

Differential detection of Newcastle disease virus strains by degenerate primers based RT-PCR   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Tiwari AK  Kataria RS  Nanthakumar T  Dash BB  Desai G 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2004,27(3):163-169

Degenerate primers based RT-PCR (previously described by [Avian Dis 26 (1997) 837]) has been used for the detection and differentiation of Newcastle disease (ND) viruses. Two sets of primers (A+B and A+C), with common forward primer and distinct reverse degenerate primers, designed from fusion protein gene encoding for cleavage site, could differentiate virulent and avirulent Newcastle disease viruses (NDV). Both sets of primers amplified "F" gene sequence of virulent (velogenic and mesogenic) viruses, whereas in avirulent strains, amplification was only with primer set A+C. Total 10 NDV isolates and two clinical samples including both known and unknown pathotypes, were checked. Based on amplification results 5 viruses were found to be virulent type and 6 as avirulent with one of the two clinical samples, earlier positive by RT-PCR using non-degenerate "F" gene specific primers was found negative in this study. The technique has been found to be a simple and quick for the detection and differentiation of virulent and avirulent NDV, which is important for control of the disease in the events of the outbreaks.  相似文献   

Rapid communication: nucleotide sequence of the river buffalo beta-casein cDNA     

Das P  Tiwari G  Jain S  Garg LC 《Journal of animal science》2000,78(5):1390

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