Effects of diet restriction on life span and age-related changes in dogs   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

Kealy RD  Lawler DF  Ballam JM  Mantz SL  Biery DN  Greeley EH  Lust G  Segre M  Smith GK  Stowe HD 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2002,220(9):1315-1320

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of 25% diet restriction on life span of dogs and on markers of aging. DESIGN: Paired feeding study. ANIMALS: 48 Labrador Retrievers. PROCEDURES: Dogs were paired, and 1 dog in each pair was fed 25% less food than its pair-mate from 8 weeks of age until death. Serum biochemical analyses were performed, body condition was scored, and body composition was measured annually until 12 years of age. Age at onset of chronic disease and median (age when 50% of the dogs were deceased) and maximum (age when 90% of the dogs were deceased) life spans were evaluated. RESULTS: Compared with control dogs, food-restricted dogs weighed less and had lower body fat content and lower serum triglycerides, triiodothyronine, insulin, and glucose concentrations. Median life span was significantly longer for dogs in which food was restricted. The onset of clinical signs of chronic disease generally was delayed for food-restricted dogs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that 25% restriction in food intake increased median life span and delayed the onset of signs of chronic disease in these dogs.  相似文献   

Algal dermatitis in cichlids     

Yanong RP  Francis-Floyd R  Curtis E  Klinger RE  Cichra ME  Berzins IK 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2002,220(9):1353-8, 1314

Three varieties of a popular African cichlid aquarium species, Pseudotropheus zebra, from 2 tropical fish farms in east central Florida were submitted for diagnostic evaluation because of the development of multifocal green lesions. The percentage of infected fish in these populations varied from 5 to 60%. Fish were otherwise clinically normal. Microscopic examination of fresh and fixed lesions confirmed algal dermatitis, with light invasion of several internal organs in each group. A different alga was identified from each farm. Fish from farm A were infected with Chlorochytrium spp, whereas fish from farm B were infected with Scenedesmus spp. Because of the numbers of fish involved, bath treatments to remove the algae from affected fish from farm B were attempted, with different dosages of several common algaecides including copper sulfate pentahydrate, diuron, and sodium chloride. However, none of these treatments were successful, possibly because of the location of the algae under the scales and within the dermis, and also because of the sequestering effect of the granulomatous response. To our knowledge, this is the first report of algal dermatitis in ornamental cichlids, as well as the first report of Scenedesmus spp infection in any fish.  相似文献   

Cross-sectional study of serum antibodies against Sarcocystis neurona in cats tested for antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii     

Rossano MG  Murphy AJ  Vrable RA  Vanzo NE  Lewis SK  Sheline KD  Kaneene JB  Mansfield LS 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2002,221(4):511-514

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Effects of serum vitamin E levels on skin vitamin E levels in dogs and cats     

Jewell DE  Yu S  Joshi DK 《Veterinary therapeutics : research in applied veterinary medicine》2002,3(3):235-243

Skin problems are common in small animal practice. Oxidative stress, or the imbalance between prooxidants and the body's antioxidant defense system, likely plays a role in the development of skin disease. According to this study, increasing amounts of vitamin E in foods for dogs and cats increases serum and cutaneous concentrations of vitamin E. Based on available scientific data, these increases in vitamin E concentration are likely to be beneficial. However, the relationship between increases in serum and skin vitamin E concentrations and the prevention, development, and treatment of skin disease remains to be elucidated by intervention studies.  相似文献   

Prognosis following surgical excision of canine cutaneous mast cell tumors with histopathologically tumor-free versus nontumor-free margins: a retrospective study of 31 cases     

Michels GM  Knapp DW  DeNicola DB  Glickman N  Bonney P 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》2002,38(5):458-466

The purpose of this study was to determine if the presence of histopathologically tumor-free versus nontumor-free margins was prognostic for relapse or tumor-related death in dogs following surgical excision of single or multiple cutaneous mast cell tumors confined to the skin without evidence of metastasis to lymph nodes or other noncutaneous sites. Differences in tumor-related death or frequency of relapse between the two groups were not significant. Failure to achieve histopathological tumor-free margins frequently did not lead to local relapse. All tumor-related deaths occurred following local relapse. The lack of statistical support for an association between prognosis and histopathological tumor-free versus nontumor-free margins may be a result of small sample size.  相似文献   

Blood smear from a wild-caught panther chameleon (Furcifer pardalis)     

Irizarry-Rovira AR  Wolf A  Bolek M  Christian JA  DeNicola DB 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2002,31(3):129-132

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Cytogenetic survey of Holstein bulls at a commercial artificial insemination company to determine prevalence of bulls with centric fusion and chimeric anomalies     

Seguin BE  Zhang TQ  Buoen LC  Weber AF  Ruth GR 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2000,216(1):65-67

OBJECTIVE: To determine prevalence of Holstein bulls with chromosomal anomalies, particularly the 1/21 centric fusion (CF), at a commercial artificial insemination (AI) company in the United States. DESIGN: Cross-sectional cytogenetic prevalence study. ANIMALS: All 606 Holstein bulls at a commercial AI company were cytogenetically screened to detect CF, chimerism, and other chromosomal abnormalities. PROCEDURE: Lymphocytes from heparinized blood samples were cultured by standard cytogenetic techniques, and chromosome spreads were prepared for microscopic examination. Chromosomal abnormalities were detected by examining 10 chromosome spreads per bull. Pedigree analysis was performed. RESULTS: None of the bulls had any type of CF. However, 6 bulls were identified as chimeras (i.e., contained lymphocytes with male [XY] and female [XX] chromosomes). One bull was sire or maternal grandsire to 85 of the bulls tested, and 739 of 1,212 (61%) sire and maternal-grandsire possibilities were accounted for by just 18 bulls. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Analysis of these results supports previous indications that CF is extremely rare in Holstein bloodlines available commercially via AI in the United States. However, chimeric bulls are more common, and they reportedly have decreased reproductive performance. Therefore, identification of chimeric sires in the AI facility reported here and the possibility of de novo onset of CF at any time indicates that early cytogenetic screening should be encouraged for prospective bulls intended for use in AI programs.  相似文献   

Syringohydromyelia in Cavalier King Charles spaniels     

Rusbridge C  MacSweeny JE  Davies JV  Chandler K  Fitzmaurice SN  Dennis R  Cappello R  Wheeler SJ 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》2000,36(1):34-41

Syringohydromyelia secondary to foramen magnum overcrowding is described in seven Cavalier King Charles spaniels. Clinical signs were consistent with a central spinal cord lesion. The most common signs were persistent scratching at the shoulder region with apparent neck, thoracic limb, or ear pain and thoracic limb lower motor neuron deficits. The diagnosis was made by magnetic resonance imaging. The syringohydromyelia is postulated to be a consequence of an occipital bone malformation resulting in a small caudal fossa and cerebellar herniation. Clinical signs improved but did not completely resolve when the dogs received treatment with corticosteroids or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.  相似文献   

Antioxidants in veterinary nutrition.     

Steven C Zicker  Karen J Wedekind  Dennis E Jewell 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》2006,36(6):1183-98, v

Nutritional antioxidants have experienced a surge in research and interest in the past 20 years. this surge may be attributed to the improved methodology for investigation as well as the focus on diseases and aging processes related to oxidative stress that lend themselves to opportunistic outcomes. As such, the field of veterinary nutritional antioxidant research is also beginning to yield some interesting results, albeit, small in number compared with laboratory animals and human beings. Nonetheless, this article updates the practitioner on recent advances in research involving nutritional antioxidant applications in companion animals.  相似文献   

Performing the field necropsy examination.     

Gary L Mason  Dennis J Madden 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice》2007,23(3):503-26, vi

This article is designed to aid the practitioner by maximizing the effectiveness of field postmortem diagnostic investigations. Contents include an outline of the procedure for field necropsy of ruminants, recommended tools and supplies, and guidelines for sample collection and submission.  相似文献