Oscillating potentials on the B-wave of the ERG in the dog]     

B M Spiess  A C Leber-Zürcher 《Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde》1992,134(9):431-443

The oscillatory potentials (OP) on the b-wave of the canine ERG are characterized. Normal values for an OP-index, implicit times and periodicity are given. The OP-index increases during dark adaptation as well as with increasing stimulus intensities for white light flashes. Scotopic blue and red stimuli, although balanced for the maximum b-wave amplitude, surprisingly result in higher OP-indices for red flashes. Implicit times decrease for all OP with increasing stimulus intensities. Scotopic balanced red light results in OP with markedly reduced implicit times compared to blue light stimulation. The intervals between two OPs remain constant during dark adaptation, however, intervals between OPs with longer implicit times tend to be shorter. In contrast, the b-waves for scotopic balanced stimuli show rhythmic oscillations with constant intervals between them, the intervals being shorter for blue light than for red light. The intervals between OPs tend to become shorter with increasing stimulus intensities. This investigation indicates that OPs are influenced but not generated by photoreceptors. The examination of a dog with optic nerve hypoplasia indicates that the ganglion cells do not contribute to the biogenesis of OPs. The prognostic value of OPs in the early diagnosis for hereditary retinal degenerations in the dog is discussed.  相似文献   

Porcine urogenital disease.     

S A Dee 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice》1992,8(3):641-660

Porcine urogenital disease is the result of an imbalance of the normal microflora of the urinary and reproductive tracts brought about by hormonal, environmental, and management-related stress factors. Production and economic losses can be substantial, and diagnosing and treating the problem can be frustrating. Through proper hygiene, facility design, and culling procedures, the severity of the problem can be minimized.  相似文献   

Maturation of functional antibody affinity in animals immunised with synthetic foot-and-mouth disease virus.     

G Mulcahy  E Reid  R D Dimarchi  C Gale  T R Doel 《Research in veterinary science》1992,52(2):133-140

A good correlation exists between specific neutralising antibody titre and protection against challenge with foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) in infected or virus-vaccinated cattle, but not in the case of animals immunised with synthetic FMDV peptides. Therefore, mechanisms other than simple neutralisation are likely to be important in vivo. Antibody affinity may influence the protective capacity of sera from immunised animals and experiments were carried out to measure the functional affinity for synthetic FMDV peptide of sera from guinea pigs and cattle given various synthetic vaccines. In guinea pigs given a single dose of synthetic vaccine, antibody affinity increased with time after immunisation. In cattle, however, administration of a second dose of peptide 21 days after the first markedly retarded the process of affinity maturation. For guinea pig sera of equivalent neutralising activity, those of higher functional affinity had higher protective indices than those of lower functional affinity. Knowledge of the importance of antibody affinity in protection against FMD is important for an improved understanding of the mechanisms of protection and for the design of novel vaccines.  相似文献   

Abattoir condemnation of pigs and its economic implications in Singapore     

C K Tiong  C S Bin 《The British veterinary journal》1989,145(1):77-84

Losses due to mortality and rejection of carcases and viscera in a population of 2,959,607 pigs admitted for slaughter in Singapore abattoirs between 1984 and 1986 were studied. Mortality losses were 2822 pigs (9.5 per 10,000 admissions) while 3039 whole carcases (10.3 per 10,000 admissions) were condemned at post-mortem examination. The main reason for rejection of carcases was pyaemia (30.3%). Kidneys and livers were the two main organs of economic value rejected. Rejection of kidneys was primarily due to nephritis (54.8%) while liver condemnation was mainly due to cirrhosis (38.6%). The financial loss from abattoir rejection was S$5.27 millions or S$1.78 per pig admitted. The value of abattoir condemnation data as a tool in preventive medicine is discussed.  相似文献   

Use of an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) in the detection of channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque), antibodies to Edwardsiella ictaluri     

P. WATERSTRAT  J. AINSWORTH  G. CAPLEY 《Journal of fish diseases》1989,12(2):87-94

Abstract. The use of an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( elisa ) for the detection of channel catfish antibody to Edwardsiella ictaluri is described. Changes in agglutination titre in fish immunized with Edwardsiella ictaluri heat killed whole bacterins or lipopolysaccharides were reflected by corresponding changes in elisa readings. Relatively high correlations were observed among elisa OD readings, computed elisa titres and corresponding agglutination titres.  相似文献   

Plant Poisoning in Animals          下载免费PDF全文

Herman J. Boermans 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1989,30(2):189-190

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The oxygen uptake capacity of swine     

M Steinhardt  S Reimer  U Bünger  J Kutschke 《Archiv fuer experimentelle veterinaermedizin》1989,43(2):309-314

Comprehensive studies into domestic pigs and wild boars together with literature data provided a basis for an assessment of aerobic metabolic capacity (VO2max) of swine. The values quoted, from 20 to 94 ml/min-1/kg, had been due to several factors of methodological approach, growth, training, and nutrition as well as to pathophysiological aspects. For full capacity utilisation of VO2max, untrained pigs can be challenged at belt velocities between 0.8 and 1.8 m/s-1 and trained animals at 5 m/s-1.  相似文献   

Host immune response to northern fowl mite: immunoblot and lectin blot identification of mite antigens     

S K Wikel  J A DeVaney  P C Augustine 《Avian diseases》1989,33(4):668-675

White leghorn hens were experimentally infested with northern fowl mites (Ornithonyssus sylviarum) and antibody responses to mite immunogens were monitored over 12 weeks. Mite burdens increased during the early phase of infestation and declined over the latter weeks of the study. Antigen was prepared from homogenized whole mites, which were then sonicated and extracted with non-ionic detergent. Antigen extract was fractionated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and antibody-reactive polypeptides were identified by immunoblotting. At the start of infestation, hens had natural, pre-existing antibodies that reacted with several mite-extract components. Individual hens had different natural antibody reactivities; however, all birds had immunoglobulins reactive with extract polypeptides of 117,000, 77,000 and 36,000 molecular weight. A variety of mite extract components reacted with hen antibodies generated in response to experimental infestation. The number of antibody-reactive mite polypeptides increased through week 8 of infestation and then decreased by week 12. Fifteen polypeptides of northern fowl mite extract were reactive with antibodies developed by the majority of infested birds. These commonly reactive polypeptides had molecular weights ranging from 40,000 to 160,000. Glycoconjugates of fractionated mite extract were identified by blotting with lectins that have different carbohydrate binding specificities. Also identified were lectins that bound extract components with the same molecular weights as those moieties complexed by immunoglobulins of infested birds.  相似文献   

Antitumor effect of adriamycin entrapped in liposomes conjugated with anti-bovine tumor antigen monoclonal antibody in leukemic cows     

M Onuma  Y Yasutomi  M Yamamoto  S Watarai  T Yasuda  Y Kawakami 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1989,36(2):139-147

Monoclonal antibody c143 against tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on bovine leukemia cells was conjugated to liposomes containing adriamycin (ADM), and therapeutic effects of conjugates were examined in leukemic or preleukemic cows to prevent the progression of the disease. Five cows with TAA-positive in their peripheral blood lymphocytes were divided into two groups. Each group of cows received 4 injections of ADM alone (0.4 mg/kg) or c143-conjugated liposomes containing the same dose of ADM (L-AMD-c143) through the jugular vein at about 4 day intervals. In three animals treated with L-ADM-c143, the TAA-positive cells gradually decreased with treatment and finally two animals became TAA-negative during a 6 week period and a 14 week period after treatment, respectively. In the control, two animals treated with ADM alone showed only a slight decrease of TAA-positive cells.  相似文献   

Impact of postovulatory food deprivation on the ova transport, hormonal profiles and metabolic changes in sows.     

P Razdan  A M Mwanza  H Kindahl  F Hultén  S Einarsson 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2001,42(1):45-55

The effect of food deprivation on ova transport, hormonal profiles and metabolic changes was studied in 20 crossbred multiparous sows during their second oestrus after weaning. To determine the time of ovulation, transrectal ultrasonographic examination was performed. The sows were divided into 2 groups, one control group (C-group), which was fed according to Swedish standards, and one experimental group (E-group). The E-group sows were deprived of food from the first morning meal after ovulation until slaughter. Blood samples were collected every second hour from about 12 h before expected ovulation in the second oestrus after weaning until slaughter and were analysed for progesterone, prostaglandin F2 alpha-metabolite, insulin, glucose, free fatty acids and triglycerides. All sows were slaughtered approximately 48 h after ovulation and the genital tract was recovered. The isthmic part of the oviduct was divided into 3 equally long segments and flushed separately with phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Uterine horns were also flushed with PBS. A significantly greater number of ova were found in the first and second part of the isthmus in the E-group (p = 0.05) while in the C-group most of the ova were found in the third part of the isthmus or the uterus (p = 0.01). The level of prostaglandin F2 alpha-metabolite was significantly higher in the E-group compared with the C-group. The concentration of progesterone increased in both groups after ovulation but there were no significant differences between the groups. The other blood parameters showed that the food-deprived sows were in a catabolic state. The 48 h period of fasting results, directly or indirectly in an delayed ova transport, which may be due to a delayed relaxation in the smooth circular muscle layer of the isthmus.  相似文献