香椿木材物理力学性质及抽提物含量研究     

卢丹  齐锦秋  罗建勋  黄兴彦  李凤 《湖南林业科技》2015,42(2)

对香椿木材的物理力学性质及抽提物含量进行了系统研究。结果表明:香椿木材为轻质木材,气干密度0.45 g/cm3;气干材径向、弦向、体积干缩率分别为1.53%、3.21%、4.85%;全干材径向、弦向、体积干缩率分别为3.33%、6.56%、10.46%;饱水径向、弦向、体积湿胀率分别为3.45%、7.01%、11.67%;香椿木材顺纹抗压强度25.64 MPa,抗弯强度75.01 MPa,抗弯弹性模量6331.24 MPa,端面、径面、弦面的硬度分别为2.90 k N、1.91 k N、2.08 k N;香椿木材的热水抽提物含量为5%、苯醇抽提物含量为4.47%、1%No OH抽提物含量为20%。  相似文献   

防治胡椒瘟病生物农药筛选及其盆栽药效试验     

桑利伟  刘爱勤  高圣风  孙世伟  苟亚峰  王政  孟倩倩 《热带作物学报》2017,38(5):915-918

胡椒瘟病是危害中国胡椒产业的首要病害,目前主要依赖使用化学农药防治,筛选应用生物农药是减少化学农药用量的有效途径。本文通过室内毒力测定和室外盆栽药效试验,测定了5种生物农药对胡椒瘟病的防治效果。结果表明:室内毒力测定木霉菌WP、枯草芽孢杆菌WP和Z菌株发酵液对胡椒瘟病病原菌的抑菌效果好且敏感性高,EC50分别为0.49、0.78、1.13μg/m L;盆栽药效试验Z菌株发酵液和枯草芽孢杆菌WP对胡椒瘟病防效最好,平均防效分别为83%和82%,芽孢杆菌/淡紫拟青霉WP的防效次之,平均防效为69%。综合来看,Z菌株发酵液和枯草芽孢杆菌WP对胡椒瘟病具有很好防效,具备良好的绿色防控潜力。  相似文献   

豆粕生物肽的生产工艺研究     

刘昊飞  陈霞  赵贵兴  李丹  刘丽君 《大豆科学》2010,29(1)

通过菌种筛选、摇瓶发酵条件优化,系统地研究了微生物发酵生产豆粕生物肽的工艺。结果表明:枯草芽胞杆菌为最佳菌株,其豆粕生物肽最佳生产工艺条件为:种子培养时间16 h,豆粕粒度40目,初始pH6.8,葡萄糖2%,豆粕11%,接种量6%,发酵时间48 h;在此工艺条件下蛋白质降解为多肽的得率为41.18%。  相似文献   

基于阵列芯片现场高灵敏同步快速检测粮油中氨基甲酸酯类农药残留混合污染     

周丹  闵亚杰  戚欣  宁佳囡  吴文琴  张兆威  李培武 《中国油料作物学报》2021,42(3):341

The quality and safety of agricultural products is the technique focus of the strategy of rural vitaliza⁃tion. Carbamate pesticide residues are seriously threatening the safety of agricultural product and human life and health. Nowadays, the common detection methods are instrument-based for carbamate pesticide residue, which dis⁃ satisfy the request of an on-site rapid, sensitive and simultaneous detection for multiple carbamate pesticide resi⁃ dues. Based on the home-made monoclonal antibodies against carbofuran and carbaryl respectivity, a microarray for rapid and simultaneous detection of multiple carbamate pesticide residues was developed within 30 min. Under the optimized conditions, the limits of detection（LODs）were found to be 0.11 and 0.09 ng/g, while the linear ranges were 0.33-3000 and 0.18-1500 ng/g for carbofuran and carbaryl respectively. By using spiked peanut samples, it recorded recoveries of 88.4%-98.3%, 90.1%-118.8% for carbofuran and carbaryl respectively. The RSD of intraarray were found at 9.0%, 3.5%, while the RSD of inter-array were recorded at 12.3%, 16.3% respectively. The de⁃ tection results of the microarray were highly consistent with that of HPLC-MS/MS. This proposed microarray provid⁃ ed an on-site high-sensitivity, simultaneous and rapid detection of carbofuran and carbaryl, and could be widely used in the fields of agricultural product quality safety, food safety and environmental monitoring.  相似文献   

黑皮果蔗茎尖脱毒不同代数种茎苗商品性能研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李松  游建华  余坤兴  刘丽敏  谭芳  刘红坚  淡明  戴友铭 《热带作物学报》2010,31(2):176-181

以黑皮果蔗茎尖脱毒第1代(处理A)、第2代(处理B)、第3代(处理C)种茎为材料,研究其商品性能生产表现情况。结果表明,脱毒果蔗不同代数种苗的月生长速度、株高、茎径、蔗茎产量与对照相比差异性均达极显著水平,其中,蔗株最高、茎径最粗、蔗茎产量最高等均为第2代种茎苗,分别比对照高41cm、粗0.25cm、增产41.1%;在品质方面,脱毒果蔗的水分含量较高,纤维分含量较低,糖分略低于对照;在外观品质方面,脱毒果蔗的节间长度、均匀度、色泽等均优于对照,由花叶病引起的花皮蔗株低于对照;脱毒果蔗易受外界花叶病毒的传染,随种植年限的增加,花叶病发病率提高;脱毒果蔗叶片的叶绿素含量、ATP酶活性提高;第1代种茎苗可栽培成商品蔗,但存在一定的组培效应,主要表现为蔗茎的侧芽较大,在光线条件较好的地方较易萌动。  相似文献   

安化云台山茶树资源品质成分分析     

卢秦华  吴丹  姜依何  朱旗 《茶叶通讯》2017,44(1)

为了研究安化云台山茶树资源的生化特性,选取赵家坪、牛角井、石乙坪三个地方有代表性的29个茶树单株,分别进行春夏两季新梢的生化成分分析。结果表明:春茶样中,1号、3号、26号单株茶多酚含量较高,而氨基酸含量较低;13号和17号样品茶多酚含量较低,而氨基酸含量较高。夏茶中3号样品茶多酚含量较高,而氨基酸含量较低;19号氨基酸含量较高,而茶多酚含量较低。春夏两季相比,槠叶齐水浸出物的增幅分别是25.83%和48.78%,21号样品有相似的变化,其水浸出物和茶多酚含量分别增加了22.21%和43.83%。研究结果为进一步开发和利用安化云台山茶树资源提供理论依据,为黑茶加工原料的选择提供参考。  相似文献   

基于CROPWAT模型的哈尔滨地区26年大豆生产水足迹变化研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐猛  金梁  魏丹  殷大伟  李玉梅  王伟  张久明  胡军祥 《大豆科学》2019,38(2):251-257

水足迹是大豆主产区作物生长期农业用水评价的新指标体系,为定量评价哈尔滨地区大豆生产水足迹组成及降雨年型对大豆生产的影响,利用CROPWAT模型计算哈尔滨1986-2011年26年间大豆生产水足迹,探讨不同降水年型大豆生产水足迹及其水足迹组成来源的变化规律,评价其与哈尔滨地区大豆种植面积和产量的关系。结果表明:26年间,大豆生产水足迹中,蓝水足迹和绿水足迹所占的比例不同,绿水足迹为0.12～0.29 m^3·kg^-1,是大豆水足迹的主要组成部分;对比不同降水年型大豆生产水足迹组成,在欠水年型整体上存在着显著的蓝水集聚效应,出现蓝水的5个年份主要集中在欠水年区域,蓝水范围为0.017 4～0.048 2 m^3·kg^-1,占水足迹9.52%～28.73%;1986-2011年水足迹整体呈递减趋势,即随着农业管理技术的提升,单位产量绿水消耗量在逐渐减少。丰水年和欠水年与平水年相比,有效降雨量与大豆单产拟合方程R^2较大,表明在雨量较大或较小时降水分布对产量影响效应关系更接近于二次函数。本研究结果能够为黑龙江大豆主产区水肥统筹管理提供依据。  相似文献   

Effect of fertigation frequency on soil nitrogen distribution and tomato yield under alternate partial root-zone drip irrigation          下载免费PDF全文

FENG Xu-yu  PU Jing-xuan  LIU Hai-jun  WANG Dan  LIU Yu-hang  QIAO Shu-ting  LEI Tao  LIU Rong-hao 《农业科学学报》2023,22(3):897-907

Alternate partial root-zone drip fertigation (ADF) is a combination of alternating irrigation and drip fertigation, with the potential to save water and increase nitrogen (N) fertilizer efficiency.  A 2-year greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different fertigation frequencies on the distribution of soil moisture and nutrients and tomato yield under ADF.  The treatments included three ADF frequencies with intervals of 3 days (F3), 6 days (F6) and 12 days (F12), and conventional drip fertigation as a control (CK), which was fertilized once every 6 days.  For the ADF treatments, two drip tapes were placed 10 cm away on each side of the tomato row, and alternate drip irrigation was realized using a manual valve on the distribution tapes.  For the CK treatment, a drip tape was located close to the roots of the tomato plants.  The total N application rate of all treatments was 180 kg ha–1.  The total irrigation amounts applied to the CK treatment were 450.6 and 446.1 mm in 2019 and 2020, respectively; and the irrigation amounts applied to the ADF treatments were 60% of those of the CK treatment.   The F3 treatment resulted in water and N being distributed mainly in the 0–40-cm soil layer with less water and N being distributed in the 40–60-cm soil layer.  The F6 treatment led to 21.0 and 29.0% higher 2-year average concentration of mineral N in the 0–20 and 20–40-cm soil layer, respectively and a 23.0% lower N concentration in the 40–60-cm soil layer than in the CK treatment.  The 2-year average tomato yields of the F3, F6, F12, and CK treatments were 107.5, 102.6, 87.2, and 98.7 t ha–1, respectively.  The tomato yield of F3 was significantly higher (23.3%) than that in the F12 treatment, whereas there was no significant difference between the F3 and F6 treatment.  The F6 treatment resulted in yield similar to the CK treatment, indicating that ADF could maintain tomato yield with a 40% saving in water use.  Based on the distribution of water and N, and tomato yield, a fertigation frequency of 6 days under ADF should be considered as a water-saving strategy for greenhouse tomato production.  相似文献   

基于轮廓投影的盆栽水稻三维重建方法研究     

吴丹  叶军立  王康  耿泽栋  付晶波  刘凌波  杨万能 《中国农业科技导报》1999,22(9):87-95

近几年,基于图像的高通量水稻表型研究取得了极大进展,但从三维层面进行研究的工作则相对较少。一般而言,相对于二维图像,从三维模型中能提取更为全面的性状参数。三维模型重建是作物三维表型研究的基础,提出一种适用于盆栽水稻三维点云的重建方法。该方法在相机固定、样本旋转的拍摄模式下获取水稻多视角图像,根据相机标定参数以及水稻轮廓二值图,通过轮廓投影方法重建水稻三维可视外壳点云模型,并通过反投影方法进行点云着色。结果表明,该方法对于不同时期及不同品种的水稻样本均能取得较好重建效果。  相似文献   

大豆磷效率QTL定位及互作分析     

耿雷跃  崔士友  张丹  邢邯  盖钧镒  喻德跃 《大豆科学》2007,26(4):460-466

磷效率是复杂的数量性状,有一系列基因参与其中.利用科丰1号×南农1138-2衍生的重组自交系群体NJRIKY,对影响大豆磷效率的加性和上位性QTL同时进行定位,比较在两种磷条件下的大豆磷效率QTL的表达差异.采用5个指标评估大豆的磷效率,包括:茎干重、根干重、根冠比、磷利用效率和磷吸收效率.结果表明:在高磷和低磷条件下在8个连锁群上分别检测到3个和12个加性的QTL,可解释4.0%～13.8%的表型变异;另外,在高磷和低磷条件下,分别检测到12对和7对互作的QTL,可解释3.3%～19.9%的表型变异.本研究的QTL定位结果为进一步了解大豆在不同磷条件下的磷效率遗传机制提供了重要的线索.  相似文献