Anti-enteropathogenic Escherichia coli immunoglobulin Y isolated from eggs laid by immunised Leghorn chickens     

Amaral JA  Tino De Franco M  Carneiro-Sampaio MM  Carbonare SB 《Research in veterinary science》2002,72(3):229-234

IgY, the egg yolk immunoglobulin, equivalent to the IgG from mammals, has been used in veterinary practice for passive immunisation against bacterial or viral infectious diseases. Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is the main etiological agent of infantile diarrhoea in Brazil and other developing countries. Our aims were to isolate immunoglobulin IgY from egg yolk laid by EPEC -immunised Leghorn chickens and to study its reactivity to the antigens from this pathogen, including some virulence factors. Leghorn chickens were immunised with a bacterial suspension intramuscularly (three hens) or intravenously (three hens) or with PBS (two hens). Eggs were collected over a period of 17 weeks. IgY isolation procedures were carried out by salt precipitation (ammonium sulphate, in solid form) followed by centrifugations and dialysis. Final preparations were submitted to sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS - PAGE), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunoblotting. All immunised animals developed good levels of antibodies reactive to whole bacteria or lipopolysaccharide (LPS), in contrast to the control ones. Immunoblottings allowed the recognition of several antigenic fractions of bacterial antigens, some of which had a molecular weight compatible with bacterial virulence factors, confirming the efficacy of the immunisation and the adequacy of the method.  相似文献   

Continuous infusion of gentamicin into the tarsocrural joint of horses     

Lescun TB  Adams SB  Wu CC  Bill RP 《American journal of veterinary research》2000,61(4):407-412

OBJECTIVE: To develop a method for continuous infusion of gentamicin into the tarsocrural joint of horses, to determine pharmacokinetics of gentamicin in synovial fluid of the tarsocrural joint during continuous infusion, and to evaluate effects of continuous infusion of gentamicin on characteristics of the synovial fluid. ANIMALS: 12 healthy adult horses. PROCEDURE: An infusion catheter consisting of flow control tubing connected to a balloon infuser was used. Gentamicin solution (100 mg/ml) was infused in the right tarsocrural joint and balanced electrolyte solution was infused in the left tarsocrural joint for 5 days. Synovial fluid and serum gentamicin concentrations were measured by use of a fluorescence polarization immunoassay. RESULTS: 17 of the 24 (71%) infusion catheters initially placed functioned without complications for the entire 5-day infusion period. Median gentamicin concentration in synovial fluid from treated joints during the 5-day infusion period ranged from 2875 to 982 microg/ml. Median serum gentamicin concentration during this period ranged from 2.31 to 2.59 microg/ml. Mean (+/- SD) elimination half-life and total clearance of gentamicin from the synovial fluid were 6.25+/-1.01 hours and 1.52+/-0.96 ml/min, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: An infusion catheter can be used for continuous infusion of gentamicin into the tarsocrural joints of horses for up to 5 days. At a gentamicin dosage of 0.17+/-0.02 mg/kg/h, continuous intra-articular infusion results in synovial fluid gentamicin concentrations greater than 100 times the minimal inhibitory concentration reported for common equine pathogens.  相似文献   

Long-term outcome of horses with a slab fracture of the central or third tarsal bone treated conservatively: 25 cases (1976-1993)     

Murphey ED  Schneider RK  Adams SB  Santschi EM  Stick JA  Ruggles AJ 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2000,216(12):1949-1954

OBJECTIVE: To determine clinical features of horses with a slab fracture of the central or third tarsal bone and to report outcome of horses in which treatment did not include surgery. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 25 horses (14 Standardbreds, 6 Thoroughbreds, 5 Quarter Horses). PROCEDURE: Medical records of horses with a slab fracture of the central (n = 9) or third (16) tarsal bone were reviewed. Only horses for which treatment consisted of confinement to a stall were included in this study. Clinical features and radiographic findings were recorded and summarized. Outcome was determined for racing breeds by obtaining official lifetime race results. Outcome for Quarter Horses was determined by phone survey of the owners. RESULTS: 16 (64%) horses had a successful outcome. Ten of 14 (71%) Standardbreds and 2 of 6 Thoroughbreds returned to racing and started at least 5 races after injury. Four of 5 Quarter Horses for which follow-up information was available successfully returned to their previous activity. Sex, age, limb affected, or gait was not associated with final outcome. Percentage of racehorses with central tarsal bone fractures that had a successful outcome (2/7) was significantly less than percentage with third tarsal bone fractures that did (10/13). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that enforced rest without surgical fixation can be an effective therapeutic option for horses with a slab fracture of the central or third tarsal bone, even if athletic function is expected.  相似文献   

Parameter estimates for direct and maternal genetic effects on yearling, eighteen-month, and slaughter weights of Korean native cattle     

Lee JW  Choi SB  Jung YH  Keown JF  Van Vleck LD 《Journal of animal science》2000,78(6):1414-1421

Data collected by the National Livestock Research Institute of the Rural Development Administration of Korea were used to estimate genetic parameters for yearling (YWT, n = 5,848), 18-mo (W18, n = 4,585), and slaughter (SWT, n = 2,279) weights for Korean Native cattle. Nine animal models were used to obtain REML estimates of genetic parameters: DP-2 included genetic, uncorrelated dam, and residual random effects; DQ-2 included genetic, sire x region x year-season interaction, and residual random effects; DPQ-2 was based on DQ-2 but included both interaction and dam effects; DMP-2 was based on DP-2 but with dam effect partitioned to include maternal genetic and permanent environmental effects; and DMPQ-2 was based on DMP-2 but also included sire interaction effects. Those five models included two fixed factors: region x year-season and age of dam x sex effects. Models DP-3, DQ-3, DPQ-3, and DMPQ-3 were based on DP-2, DQ-2, DPQ-2, and DMPQ-2 but included as a third fixed factor whether or not identification of the sire was known. Estimates of heritability with DMPQ-3 for YWT, with DPQ-3 for W18 and SWT when analyzed with single-trait analyses were .14, .11, and .17, respectively, and were nearly the same with bivariate analyses. Estimate of maternal heritability for YWT from single-trait analysis was .04, with estimates for other traits near zero. For bivariate analyses, the estimate for YWT was .01. With single trait analysis, estimate of the direct-maternal genetic correlation for YWT was negative (-.81). Estimates of direct genetic correlations between YWT and W18, YWT and SWT, and W18 and SWT were .99, 1.00, and .97, respectively. Estimates of environmental correlations varied from .60 to .81; the largest was between W18 and SWT. Including a fixed factor for whether sire identification was missing or not missing reduced the estimate of heritability for slaughter weight. The results suggest that the sire x region x year-season interaction is important for yearling weight and may be needed in a model for slaughter weight. Maternal effects may be of slight importance for yearling weight but of no importance for W18 and SWT. Models for national cattle evaluations for Korean Native cattle for YWT should be considered that include maternal genetic and permanent environmental as well as sire x region x year-season interaction effects, but those effects seem not to be needed for models for W18 and SWT. Not much reranking of sires occurred when ranked was based on the different models for W18 and SWT.  相似文献   

ARPP-16 mRNA is up-regulated in the longissimus muscle of pigs possessing an elevated growth rate   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Janzen MA  Kuhlers DL  Jungst SB  Louis CF 《Journal of animal science》2000,78(6):1475-1484

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Comparison of the performance of linear resistance and ultrasonic pneumotachometers at rest and during lobeline-induced hyperpnoea     

Kästner SB  Marlin DJ  Roberts CA  Auer JA  Lekeux P 《Research in veterinary science》2000,68(2):153-159

The performance of a Fleisch No. 5 pneumotachometer (F), and two commercial ultrasonic pneumotachometers, the BRDL (B) and the Spiroson (S) systems were compared in respect to their use for determination of ventilatory parameters at rest and during lobeline-induced hyperpnoea. Five clinically healthy Thoroughbred horses were tested with the three pneumotachometers in random order. Respiratory airflow, respired gas concentrations, oesophageal pressures, pressures within the mask systems and arterial blood gases were determined before and during lobeline-induced hyperpnoea. Because measured peak expiratory airflow rates exceeded the stated linear range of the Fleisch pneumotachometer ( approximately +/- 25 l s(-1)) differential pressure-flow curves were determined in vitro over the range of flows recorded in vivo. Expired flows greater than the linear range were corrected according to the derived regression equation. No differences in any of the measured variables among the three systems were present at rest. At peak ventilation of lobeline-induced hyperpnoea mask pressures [Delta P(mask)(mean (SEM)): F: 9.6 (2.8) cm H(2)O, B: 0.8 (0.4) cm H(2)O, S: 1.4 (0.8) cm H(2)O] and end tidal carbon dioxide [ ET CO(2)(mean (SEM)): F: 2. 6 (0.1)%, B: 2.1 (0.2)%, S: 2.1 (0.1)%] were significantly higher in system F. Despite a tendency for respiratory frequency and peak inspired and expired flows, to be lower with system F, no significant differences in the measurements of ventilatory mechanics were detected. In conclusion, the ultrasonic flowmeters pose significantly lower resistive loads onto the respiratory system during ventilation above resting levels than Fleisch No 5 pneumotachometers. However, at the flowrates achieved during lobeline-induced hyperpnoea an in vitro calibration of the differential pressure-flow relationship allows correction for expiratory alinearity in system F. In addition, the performance of the Spiroson flowmeter is accurate in determining ventilatory mechanics at rest and during lobeline-induced hyperpnoea.  相似文献   

Identification of Escherichia coli recovered from milk of sows with coliform mastitis by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) using standardized reagents     

Ramasoota P  Krovacek K  Chansiripornchai N  Mörner AP  Svenson SB 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2000,41(3):249-259

A standardized-reagents commercial kit for random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was used for typing 58 Escherichia coli strains that were recovered from the milk of sows, having coliform mastitis, within a single swineherd in Sweden. Previously, the 58 E. coli strains were characterized serologically and profiled biochemically. They were also evaluated for their serum resistance and their ability to adhere to fibronectin and bovine fetal fibroblasts. The RAPD analysis was fast, easily performed, and required only a nanogram of DNA. The indistinguishable banding patterns obtained with repeated analyses of 2 isolates from each strain demonstrated that RAPD analysis using standardized beads is a technique that provides reproducible results for typing E. coli strains that cause mastitis in sows. The results of the RAPD analyses demonstrated that E. coli sow mastitis strains are highly variable in serotype, biochemical profiles, virulence factors, and RAPD type, and that all 58 strains can be differentiated by means of the RAPD technique. The strains grouped into 24 RAPD types by combining the results of 2 primers, and into 38 groups by combining the results of serotype and RAPD type. No relationship between serotypes, virulence factors and RAPD types was found.  相似文献   

Prevalence and diversity of Aeromonas and Vibrio spp. in coastal waters of Southern Italy     

Dumontet S  Krovacek K  Svenson SB  Pasquale V  Baloda SB  Figliuolo G 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2000,23(1):53-72

A survey was undertaken to examine sea water and sediment for the presence of Vibrio and Aeromonas spp. along approximately 900 km of coast in Southern Italy during early and late summer. A quantitative analysis was also done to evaluate the water fecal contamination at the stations examined. The results indicate that all the investigated areas were submitted to a wide spatial fluctuation of fecal contamination and that Vibrio and Aeromonas spp. were present in both high and low fecal-contaminated stations. Sixty two percent of the investigated samples were positive for Aeromonas spp., while 42% of samples were positive for Vibrio spp. It was interesting to note that 38% of the positive stations for both Aeromonas and Vibrio spp. showed a fecal coliform contamination of water at < 10(2) cells 100 ml(-1). Thus, these findings support the hypothesis that the bacterial indicators (such as fecal coliforms) do not always satisfactorily reflect the hygienic quality of water. The presence of Vibrionaceae on copepods was also investigated. Copepods were sampled at a station located inside the harbour of the city of Naples and were found contaminated by V. cholerae non-O1, V. alginolyticus, V. fluvialis and A. caviae. Furthermore, the antibiotic resistance patterns of isolated bacteria showed the presence of a number of resistant strains among the isolates. In order to discriminate the isolates on the basis of their biochemical profiles and/or antibiotic resistance patterns, cluster analysis was carried out which showed that no unique assay could fully discern these isolates. However, the best discrimination resulted from complete pattern profile based on both biochemical profiles and antibiotic resistance patterns.  相似文献   

C-cell carcinoma (medullary thyroid carcinoma) associated with multiple endocrine neoplasms in a ferret (Mustela putorius)     

Fox JG  Dangler CA  Snyder SB  Richard MJ  Thilsted JP 《Veterinary pathology》2000,37(3):278-282

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饲料中沙丁胺醇快速检测技术研究     

黄素文  周宏斌  赵秀玲  倪健波  黄绍棠  孙鸣 《中国饲料》2007,(17):30-31

本实验在现有的克伦特罗检测系统上建立了沙丁胺醇的酶联免疫吸附检测体系。结果表明,该方法在饲料中沙丁胺醇的检测中完全可行。  相似文献