HELMINTHIASIS IN YOUNG CALVES     

N. W. Godfrey  M.Agr.Sc. B. A. Forsyth  B.V.Sc. 《Australian veterinary journal》1962,38(12):567-569

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The alkalinizing effects of metabolizable bases in the healthy calf.   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

J M Naylor  G W Forsyth 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1986,50(4):509-516

The alkalinizing effect of citrate, acetate, propionate, gluconate, L and DL-lactate were compared in healthy neonatal calves. The calves were infused for a 3.5 hour period with 150 mmol/L solutions of the sodium salts of the various bases. Blood pH, base excess, and metabolite concentrations were measured and the responses compared with sodium bicarbonate and sodium chloride infusion. D-gluconate and D-lactate had poor alkalinizing abilities and accumulated in blood during infusion suggesting that they are poorly metabolized by the calf. Acetate, L-lactate and propionate had alkalinizing effects similar to bicarbonate, although those of acetate had a slightly better alkalinizing effect than L-lactate. Acetate was more effectively metabolized because blood acetate concentrations were lower than L-lactate concentrations. There was a tendency for a small improvement in metabolism of acetate and lactate with age. Sodium citrate infusion produced signs of hypocalcemia, presumably because it removed ionized calcium from the circulation. D-gluconate, D-lactate and citrate are unsuitable for use as alkalinizing agents in intravenous fluids. Propionate, acetate and L-lactate are all good alkalinizing agents in healthy calves but will not be as effective in situations where tissue metabolism is impaired.  相似文献   

Effect of gentamicin administration on the neuromuscular blockade induced by atracurium in cats   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

S F Forsyth  J E Ilkiw  S V Hildebrand 《American journal of veterinary research》1990,51(10):1675-1678

Atracurium besylate, a nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent, was administered as an infusion to 8 anesthetized cats in which neuromuscular blockade was assessed, using the train-of-four response. Once 50% depression of the first-twitch (T1) response was achieved, the infusion was held constant for 60 minutes before being discontinued and the recovery time was determined. The time for recovery was recorded as the time for the train-of-four (T4 ratio) to increase from 50% to 75%. After recovery, atracurium infusion was reinstituted and the cats were again maintained for 60 minutes at 50% depression. A single bolus of gentamicin sulfate (2.0 mg/kg of body weight) was administered IV, and the infusion was continued for another 60 minutes before it was discontinued and the time for recovery was recorded. Within 1 minute of gentamicin administration, the mean +/- SD T1 response decreased from 49 +/- 5% to 33 +/- 8% of baseline and the T4 ratio decreased from 28 +/- 19% to 14 +/- 11%. Peak effect occurred at 5 minutes, with a T1 response of 29 +/- 6% of baseline and a T4 ratio of 13 +/- 12%. By 60 minutes after gentamicin administration, the T1 response had increased to 38 +/- 7% of baseline and the T4 ratio had increased to 21 +/- 13%. The time for recovery significantly (P less than 0.03) increased from 9.9 +/- 3.4 minutes during the control study to 18.1 +/- 10.7 minutes during the gentamicin study. In this study, gentamicin potentiated the neuromuscular blockade induced by atracurium and increased the recovery time. Residual blockade, observed after gentamicin administration was reversed with edrophonium.  相似文献   

LONGEVITY IN THE SOUTHERN STATES     

Forsyth CH 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1923,57(1478):490-493

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The effect on creatinine kinase activity of freezing plasma from healthy foals     

Forsyth SF  Lopez-Villalobos N  Rogers CW 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2006,54(5):235-236

AIM: To assess the stability of creatine kinase (CK) activity in plasma collected from healthy foals and frozen at -20 degrees C for up to 12 weeks. METHODS: Samples of venous blood drawn from 25 foals were analysed for CK activity soon after collection, and again after 1 and 12 weeks of freezing at -20 degrees C. RESULTS: CK activity decreased (p<0.001) between Week 0 and Week 1 and between Week 0 and Week 12. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Decreases in CK activity were statistically significant but clinically insignificant.  相似文献   

Activated coagulation times in normal cats and dogs using MAX-ACT^TM tubes     

AM See  KL Swindells  MJ Sharman  KL Haack  D Goodman  A Delaporta  I Robertson  SF Foster 《Australian veterinary journal》2009,87(7):292-295

Objective  To establish reference values for activated coagulation time (ACT) in normal cats and dogs, by visual assessment of clot formation using the MAX-ACT^TM tube.
Subjects  We recruited 43 cats and 50 dogs for the study; 11 cats and 4 dogs were excluded from the statistical analysis because of abnormalities on clinical examination or laboratory testing including anaemia, prolonged prothrombin time (PT) or activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), or insufficient plasma volume for comprehensive laboratory coagulation testing.
Procedure  Blood samples were collected via direct venipuncture for MAX-ACT, packed cell volume/total solids, manual platelet estimation and PT/APTT measurement. Blood (0.5 mL) was mixed gently in the MAX-ACT tube at 37°C for 30 s, then assessed for clot formation every 5 to 10 s by tipping the tube gently on its side and monitoring for magnet movement. The endpoint was defined as the magnet lodging in the clot. The technique was tested with 10 dogs by collecting two blood samples from the same needle insertion and running a MAX-ACT on each simultaneously.
Results  In normal cats the mean MAX-ACT was 66 s (range 55–85 s). In normal dogs the mean was 71 s (range 55–80 s). There was no statistical difference between the first and second samples collected from the same needle insertion.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance  In both cats and dogs, a MAX-ACT result >85 s should be considered abnormal and further coagulation testing should be performed. Additionally, failure to discard the first few drops of the sample does not appear to significantly affect results.  相似文献   

CHANGES IN LONGEVITY OF AMERICANS IN THE LAST DECADE     

Forsyth CH 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1923,57(1473):345-346

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Characterization of starch from tubers of yam bean (Pachyrhizus ahipa).     

Jane L Forsyth  Steve G Ring  Timothy R Noel  Roger Parker  Paul Cairns  Kim Findlay  Peter R Shewry 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(2):361-367

Detailed studies of the starch present in tubers of six accessions of Pachyrhizus ahipa (ahipa) have been carried out using starches from tubers of P. erosus (Mexican yam bean) and seeds of ahipa and wheat for comparison. Starch accounted for 56-58% of the tuber dry weight with granules occurring in a range of geometric forms and in sizes from below 5 microm to about 35 microm (mean about 10 microm in all accessions except two). The amylose content ranged from 11.6 to 16.8% compared with 16.9% in P. erosus tubers and over 23% in the seed starches. X- ray diffraction analysis showed A-type or C(A)-type diffraction patterns. The chain-length distribution of the amylopectin after enzyme debranching showed a peak at DP11 similar to that of wheat starch, but had a less marked shoulder at DP 21-22 and contained a higher proportion of longer chains. Differential scanning calorimitry showed an endothermic peak corresponding to gelatinization with T(max) ranging from 59 to 63 degrees C, which was similar to the T(max) of wheat (about 64 degrees C). The composition of the ahipa starch may mean that it is suitable for food applications that require low amylose content and low retrogradation after processing.  相似文献   

High rates of oxygen reduction over a vapor phase-polymerized PEDOT electrode     

Winther-Jensen B  Winther-Jensen O  Forsyth M  Macfarlane DR 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,321(5889):671-674

The air electrode, which reduces oxygen (O2), is a critical component in energy generation and storage applications such as fuel cells and metal/air batteries. The highest current densities are achieved with platinum (Pt), but in addition to its cost and scarcity, Pt particles in composite electrodes tend to be inactivated by contact with carbon monoxide (CO) or by agglomeration. We describe an air electrode based on a porous material coated with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), which acts as an O2 reduction catalyst. Continuous operation for 1500 hours was demonstrated without material degradation or deterioration in performance. O2 conversion rates were comparable with those of Pt-catalyzed electrodes of the same geometry, and the electrode was not sensitive to CO. Operation was demonstrated as an air electrode and as a dissolved O2 electrode in aqueous solution.  相似文献   

Stress hormones and the cellular stress response in salmonids   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

P.A. Ackerman  R.B. Forsyth  C.F. Mazur  G.K. Iwama 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2000,23(4):327-336

The relationship between stress protein (SP) levels and the hormonal stress response in salmonids was examined through the measurement of gill SP70 and SP30 levels together with plasma cortisol, glucose and ion concentrations, in response to handling stress (45 s holding in a net), intraperitoneal cortisol implants, and heat shock (+10 °C). Handling and cortisol implants resulted in increased plasma cortisol and glucose levels. Heat shock following handling reduced plasma [Na⁺] below that observed in response to the handling stress alone, and heat shock following cortisol implant significantly lowered both plasma [Cl^–] and [Na⁺] below that of fish receiving the cortisol implant alone. Increased SP70 levels occurred 1 h following the 2 h +10 °C heat shock. Handling the fish prior to the application of heat shock suppressed the increase of SP70 levels in the gills. However, increased plasma cortisol concentrations alone did not attenuate gill tissue SP70 increase caused by heat shock. Physiological (10^–7 M) and pharmacological (10^–5 M) concentrations of adrenaline caused increased levels of SP70 in hepatocytes. Addition of the -blocker propanolol blocked this response to adrenaline. The results indicate that handling procedures do not result in an increase of hsp30 or hsp70 and may suppress hsp synthesis under certain circumstances.  相似文献