Investigations into the toxicity of Echium plantagineum in sheep: 1. Field grazing experiments     

JT SEAMAN  WS TURVEY  SJ OTTAWAY  AR GILMOUR  RJ DIXON† 《Australian veterinary journal》1989,66(9):279-285

A field grazing trial was undertaken to monitor the health and production of crossbred sheep grazing pasture where Echium plantagineum constituted a considerable proportion of the available forage. The trial, conducted for 19 months over successive grazing seasons, demonstrated a significant difference in production, with sheep on the E. plantagineum pasture being lighter and growing less wool compared with sheep on Echium-free pasture. No mortalities involving pyrrolizidine alkaloid poisoning were recorded in sheep grazing E. plantagineum, although there was histological evidence of moderately severe liver damage associated with high liver copper concentrations in at least one sheep following the grazing of large quantities of the plant.  相似文献   

Genetic parameters for selected beef-carcass traits     

P O Brackelsberg  E A Kline  R L Willham  L N Hazel 《Journal of animal science》1971,33(1):13-17

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Comparison of a novel form of zinc with zinc oxide bolus licensed for prevention of facial eczema,and interaction with copper oxide in sheep     

EA Berry  SJ Milner  M. Bosson  S McDougall 《Australian veterinary journal》2023,101(1-2):27-34

To evaluate a novel elemental zinc bolus compared with a registered positive control zinc oxide bolus and assess serum zinc concentrations following concomitant treatment with a capsule containing copper oxide needles. Forty Romney-cross ewes were randomly allocated in a 2 × 2 factorial design study. On Day 0, 20 ewes received novel boluses containing elemental zinc (Investigational Veterinary Product, IVP) while 20 received a zinc oxide bolus (control; CP). Half the animals in each zinc treatment group (n = 10) were treated with a copper oxide needle capsule [Copasure® - Ewe]. Weekly, from Day −7 to 56, all ewes were assessed for signs of photosensitization, and for 10 ewes from each zinc treatment groups, samples were collected for analysis of serum GGT activity, serum zinc concentrations, faecal zinc concentrations and on Days −7 and 56, liver copper concentrations. Multivariable random-effects models assessed the effects of zinc treatment, copper treatment, treatment interactions and time on all analytes. Regression models examined associations between serum and faecal zinc concentrations and GGT activity. Low spore numbers indicated low Pithomyces chartarum challenge. Serum zinc levels were significantly higher in the IVP than in the CP group [p < 0.0001] and varied by time [p < 0.001] and positively associated with faecal zinc concentration [p < 0.001]. Copper treatment did not affect serum zinc [p = 0.82] or faecal zinc [p = 0.92] concentrations. Liver copper concentrations did not differ between zinc treatment groups on Day −7 [p = 0.6] or Day 56 [p = 0.95]. Only the CP/no copper group had no increase in liver copper concentrations.  相似文献   

In vivo characterisation of two Australian isolates of Marek's disease virus including pathology,viral load and neuropathotyping based on clinical signs          下载免费PDF全文

SJ Wajid  SW Walkden‐Brown  BA Vanselow  AFMF Islam  KG Renz 《Australian veterinary journal》2015,93(7):240-247

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Risk factors for mortality in cattle during live export from Australia by sea          下载免费PDF全文

SJ Moore  B Madin  G Norman  NR Perkins 《Australian veterinary journal》2015,93(10):339-348

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Identification of the major proteins of an immune modulating fraction from adult Fasciola hepatica released by Nonidet P40     

Russell M. Morphew  Clare M. Hamilton  Hazel A. Wright  David J. Dowling  Sandra M. O’Neill  Peter M. Brophy 《Veterinary parasitology》2013,191(3-4):379-385

Fasciola hepatica NP-40 released protein extract (FhNPE) exhibits potent Th1 immunosuppressive properties in vitro and in vivo. However, the protein composition of this active fraction, responsible for Th1 immune modulatory activity, has yet to be resolved. Therefore, FhNPE, a Nonidet P-40 extract, was subjected to a proteomic analysis in order to identify individual protein components. This was performed using an in house F. hepatica EST database following 2D electrophoresis combined with de novo sequencing based mass spectrometry. The identified proteins, a mixture of excretory/secretory and membrane-associated proteins, are associated with stress response and chaperoning, energy metabolism and cytoskeletal components. The immune modulatory properties of these identified protein(s) are discussed and HSP70 from F. hepatica is highlighted as a potential host immune modulator for future study.  相似文献   

Dietary impacts on the resistance of Merino lambs to Trichostrongylus colubriformis     

SJ McClure 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(2):102-108

AIM: To evaluate and compare the effects of a variety of diets on the resistance of young, lightweight Merino lambs to repeated low-dose infections of Trichostrongylus colubriformis.

METHODS: Ninety-six 12-week-old lambs were fed balanced or unbalanced diets, and given primary (at 19 weeks of age) or both primary (at 12 weeks) and secondary (at 19 weeks) infections of T. colubriformis. Suboptimal diets were low in total intake, rumen undegradable protein, total protein, readily available carbohydrate or minerals, or supplemented with cod liver oil. Liveweight was monitored fortnightly, protection was assessed from worm counts at the end of the study (25 weeks) and faecal nematode egg counts (FEC) conducted weekly, and mast-cell response assessed at the conclusion of the study from concentration of mast-cell protease in the jejunum. Concentrations of glucose in plasma were measured at 21 weeks.

RESULTS: Diets unbalanced for total protein, readily available carbohydrate, Mo or cod liver oil each increased the worm counts after 6 weeks of secondary infection (at 25 weeks of age) and FEC during secondary infection. Low intake of a highnutrient diet restricted liveweight gain but did not affect the development of resistance, as indicated by worm counts and FEC. Defi ciency of available carbohydrate resulted in reduced liveweight gain and reduced concentration of glucose in plasma. There was a reduction in jejunal mast-cell protease concentration in sheep fed unbalanced rations.

CONCLUSIONS: The parasitology results and reduction in the concentration of jejunal mast-cell protease observed in sheep fed unbalanced rations suggest that the nutrient defi ciencies and the fi sh-oil supplement may have acted via inhibition or retardation of the host's acquired immune response. Diets unbalanced for a range of components adversely affected the acquired protective response to T. colubriformis to a similar extent and appeared to involve a similar mechanism as each other. The quality of the diet was more important than quantity for the development of resistance, and soluble carbohydrate was an essential component.  相似文献   

Identifying mangrove areas for fisheries enhancement; population assessment in a patchy habitat     

Ma. Junemie Hazel Lebata  Mark E. Walton  Joseph B. Biñas  Jurgenne H. Primavera  Lewis Le Vay 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2012,22(5):652-664

Size measurement and nutritional condition evaluation methods in sandfish (Holothuria scabra Jaeger)     

Satoshi Watanabe  Jacques Morales Zarate  Joemel Gentelizo Sumbing  Maria Junemie Hazel Lebata‐Ramos  Marie Frances Nievales 《Aquaculture Research》2012,43(6):940-948

The aims of this study were to establish an accurate size measurement method and a nutritional condition evaluation method of Holothuria scabra (Jaeger). Although 0.5% KCl and 0.05% MgSO₄ did not induce anaesthesia, 2% menthol–ethanol for 20 min was found to be effective and harmless. The anaesthetization significantly reduced the coefficient of variation of the mean body length and weight by 68% and 43% respectively. During starvation, body size and weight decreased concomitantly, resulting in an unchanged condition factor (body weight/volume), suggesting that the condition factor cannot be used as an index of nutritional condition. Protein, cholesterol and carbohydrate concentrations in the body fluid were analysed to study the relationship with starvation. As the protein and cholesterol concentrations initially increased and then decreased during the starvation period, it is difficult to use them as an index of nutritional condition. The carbohydrate concentration showed a gradual one‐fold increase during 10 days of starvation, and it may be used as a proxy for nutritional condition; however, further physiological studies are needed. Body fluid density and volume relative to body size gradually increased and decreased, respectively, during starvation. These methods may be used to correctly monitor the conditions of H. scabra in studies for aquaculture and stock enhancement techniques.  相似文献   

Students’ opinions on welfare and ethics issues for companion animals in Australian and New Zealand veterinary schools          下载免费PDF全文

C Degeling  A Fawcett  T Collins  S Hazel  J Johnson  J Lloyd  CJC Phillips  K Stafford  V Tzioumis  P McGreevy 《Australian veterinary journal》2017,95(6):189-193

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