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Supplementation of Slow‐Release Melatonin Improves Recovery of Ovarian Cyclicity and Conception in Summer Anoestrous Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) 
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下载免费PDF全文 A Kumar S Mehrotra G Singh VP Maurya K Narayanan AS Mahla RK Chaudhari M Singh YK Soni BL Kumawat SK Dabas N Srivastava 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2016,51(1):10-17
The role of melatonin as a protective neurohormone against restoring cyclicity in summer anoestrous animals in photoperiod species has gained wider acceptance. This study was designed to uncover the evidence the slow‐release melatonin (MLT) has on initiation of ovarian cyclicity and conception rate (CR) in summer anoestrous buffaloes. Thus, buffaloes diagnosed as summer anoestrous (absence of overt signs of oestrus, concurrent rectal examination and radioimmunoassay for serum progesterone at 10 days interval) were grouped as untreated (Group I, sterilized corn oil, n = 8) and treated (Group II, single subcutaneous injection of MLT @18 mg/50 kg bwt in sterilized corn oil, n = 20). Animals treated and detected in oestrus were artificially inseminated (AI) followed by division into Group III (second dose of MLT on 5th day post‐AI, n = 8) and Group IV (no melatonin administration, n = 10). Blood samples were collected at 4 days interval for estimation of serum MLT, progesterone and oestrogen using radioimmunoassay kit. Mean oestrous induction rate (OIR), oestrous induction interval (OII), interoestrous interval (IOI) and CR were estimated. Compared to control, concentration of melatonin was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in treated group ranging from 14.34 ± 1.72 to 412.31 ± 14.47 pg/ml whereas other two hormones did not show any concentration difference. Melatonin‐administered buffaloes showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher (90%) OIR with OII of 18.06 ± 1.57 days. Results showed improvement in conception rate in buffaloes administered with post‐insemination melatonin. It can be concluded from the study that slow‐release melatonin supplementation restored cyclicity in summer anoestrous animals resulting in improvement in conception rate in buffaloes. 相似文献
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Thirty spring wheat varieties were evaluated and classified into eight different groups on the basis of their grain yield performance and phosphorus (P) uptake using Metroglyph analysis. Significant variability was observed for grain and biomass yield, plant height, P content in grain and straw, total P uptake and phosphorus harvest index and P use efficiency traits. Varieties WH 711 and PBW 343 exhibited high grain yield as well as high P uptake (HGY-HP). WH 283 and UP 2425 with high index score of 19 and 16 respectively, constituted the high grain yield-medium P uptake (HGYMP) group. Both these varieties, though had similar grain yield of 5348 kg/ha, but WH 283 (12.64 kg/ha) utilized much lower P as compared to UP 2425 (16.94 kg/ha). Moreover, WH 283 (81.64) also showed higher values for phosphorus harvest index (PHI) than UP 2425 (67.88%). P uptake of WH 283 was comparable with that of Raj 3765 (10.78 kg/ha) and grouped into high grain yield and low P uptake (HGY-LP) group. The grain yield performance of these two varieties with a relatively low P uptake is reflected in their high index score for P use efficiency thus, earmarking them for low P regimes. Variety HW 2006, despite low grain yields of 4665 kg/ha had high index score of 16 due to its higher value for Phosphorus Biological (PBER) and Economic Yield (PEER) Efficiency Ratio as it has effected least (7.18 kg/ha) P mobilization. In addition high P translocation in the grain was also observed for this variety. Inter-mating of genotypes like HW 2006, UP 2338 and HW 2016 with those belonging to HGY-HP (PBW 343 and WH 711) and HGY-LP (Raj 3765 and WH 283) would be an ideal strategy to develop the cultivars for efficient phosphorus use. 相似文献
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试验采用中国辽宁省与美国地理纬度相近、结荚习性相同的中国和美国大豆品种各4个,在相同种植条件下对株型性状进行了比较研究,探讨了大豆高产的株型特征.结果表明:美国大豆品种的节间较短、株高较矮,分枝数较多.美国大豆品种的叶片性状比较好,下部叶片为卵圆形,由下向上叶片逐节变长,中上部叶片较细小.美国大豆品种的荚数显著多于中国大豆品种,而百粒重却显著低于中国品种.在荚粒分布上,美国品种植株上层荚粒所占比例较小,下层荚粒所占比例较大,在同等种植条件下,美国大豆品种的产量显著高于中国品种. 相似文献
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采用地理纬度相似地区选育的、具有代表性的中、美大豆品种,在不同种植密度,施肥水平和种植地区条件下对大豆品种的适应性进行了比较研究.结果表明：在不同种植密度条件下美国俄亥俄州立大学选育的品种综合表现较好,都有较高的产量表现,对种植密度有较好的适应性;而辽宁省选育的品种大多产量较低,受种植密度影响较大,种植密度适应性较差.在磷酸二铵做种肥的条件下,美国俄亥俄州立大学选育的品种表现较好,对肥料的利用率较高;辽宁省选育的品种中,辽豆12号对施肥的反应较好,其它品种相对产量较低,肥力适应范围狭窄.美国俄亥俄州立大学选育的品种在不同地区种植平均产量均显著高于辽宁省选育的品种,两国品种对地区的适应性表现趋势一致,都是鞍山＞沈阳＞大连. 相似文献
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Virupaksh U Patil Vanishree G. Vinay Sagar SK Chakrabarti 《American Journal of Potato Research》2017,94(3):266-269
Fusarium sambucinum is one of the most important causal agents that not only cause the dry rot disease of potato tubers in fields and stores worldwide but also capable of producing secondary metabolites toxic for people and animals. Here we present the first draft genome sequence of the strain (F-4) estimated to be around appx. 42.0 Mb. The genome has 12,845 protein coding genes with more than 35,900 exons and gene density of 3.13 per 10Kb. F. sambucinum is evolutionary more close to the F. graminearum among the Fusarium species complex. The genome sequence represents a valuable resource for understanding the pathogenecity and virulence factors, and their evolution within the complex and highly plastic genus Fusarium. 相似文献
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T Anand D Kumar MK Singh RA Shah MS Chauhan RS Manik SK Singla P Palta 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2011,46(1):50-58
In this study, inner cell mass (ICM) cells were isolated from in vitro produced buffalo blastocysts and were cultured on mitomycin‐C treated buffalo foetal fibroblast feeder layer for producing embryonic stem (ES) cells. Among different sources (hatched vs expanded blastocysts) or methods (enzymatic vs mechanical), mechanical isolation of ICM from hatched blastocysts resulted in the highest primary colony formation rate and the maximum passage number up to which ES cells survived. Putative ES cells expressed alkaline phosphatase and exhibited a normal karyotype up to passage 7. Putative ES cells and embryos at 2‐ to 4‐cell, 8‐ to 16‐cell, morula and blastocyst stages strongly expressed stage‐specific embryonic antigen (SSEA)‐4 but lacked expressions of SSEA‐1 and SSEA‐3. Putative ES cells also expressed tumour rejection antigen (TRA)‐1‐60, TRA‐1‐81 and Oct4. Whereas in all early embryonic stages, TRA‐1‐60 was observed only in the periplasmic space, and TRA‐1‐81 expression was observed as small spots at a few places inside the embryos, both these markers were expressed by ICM. Oct4 expression, which was observed at all the embryonic stages and also in the trophectoderm, was the strongest in the ICM. Buffalo putative ES cells possess a unique pluripotency‐related surface antigen phenotype, which resembles that of the ICM. 相似文献
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Stability of Perovskite (MgSiO3) in the Earth's Mantle 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
SK Saxena LS Dubrovinsky P Lazor Y Cerenius P Haggkvist M Hanfland J Hu 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1996,274(5291):1357-1359
Available thermodynamic data and seismic models favor perovskite (MgSiO3) as the stable phase in the mantle. MgSiO3 was heated at temperatures from 1900 to 3200 kelvin with a Nd-YAG laser in diamond-anvil cells to study the phase relations at pressures from 45 to 100 gigapascals. The quenched products were studied with synchrotron x-ray radiation. The results show that MgSiO3 broke down to a mixture of MgO (periclase) and SiO2 (stishovite or an unquenchable polymorph) at pressures from 58 to 85 gigapascals. These results imply that perovskite may not be stable in the lower mantle and that it might be necessary to reconsider the compositional and density models of the mantle. 相似文献
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DO Kleemann JM Kelly LJ Arney IL Farley AJ Tilbrook SK Walker 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(6):894-898
Poor reproductive performance of Merino ewe flocks when mated to Border Leicester rams during spring may be due to seasonality of the Border Leicester breed. Two approaches were taken to test this assumption. Six young (12 months old) or six mixed‐age (12, 24 and ≥36 months old) Border Leicester rams were either treated or not treated with melatonin implants (2 × 2 design) 6 weeks before the four groups of rams were each put with approximately 300 Merino ewes for an 8‐week mating period. Implants were inserted in early September (experiment 1). The second approach was to yard or not yard ewes and mixed‐age rams on several occasions during the first 3 weeks of the mating period (experiment 2). Pregnancy rate and twinning percentage were assessed by ultrasonography. In experiment 1, melatonin treatment in young rams increased (p < 0.001) pregnancy rate from 5.0% to 92.6%, but mixed‐age rams did not respond (90.7% vs 89.5% for melatonin and non‐melatonin treatments, respectively). Twinning rate was similar (p > 0.05) for ewes mated to either melatonin or non‐melatonin‐treated young rams (36.8% vs 40.0%, respectively), whereas melatonin significantly improved (p < 0.05) twinning rate in those ewes mated to mixed‐age rams (49.1% vs 36.1%). After 6 weeks of melatonin treatment, scrotal circumference was greater (p < 0.05) in both young and mixed‐aged rams than in untreated counterparts. In experiment 2, yarding of ewes and rams overnight on several occasions early in the mating period reduced (p < 0.001) pregnancy rate compared with non‐yarded counterparts (89.5% vs 65.5%). Twinning rate was not affected (37.7% vs 36.1%, respectively). In summary, melatonin treatment of Border Leicester rams significantly improved flock reproductive performance in spring due to improved pregnancy rates with young rams and improved litter size with mixed‐age rams. 相似文献
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Biogas production generates digested slurry, as a byproduct, which can be used as fertilizer after its conversion into digested liquid and biochar. A microcosm-based study was conducted to evaluate the effects of chemical fertilizer (CF), digested liquid (DL) and varying concentrations of biogas digested slurry based-biochar along with DL on N2O flux, CO2 flux, soil chemical properties and crop yield for three continuous cropping cycles of komatsuna (Brassica rapa var. perviridis) from April to July 2013. Analyses revealed that DL-treated soils released almost equal cumulative amounts of N2O and CO2 as soils treated with CF. The soil mineral-N contents were also similar for the DL- and CF-treated soils while DL application increased the soluble organic carbon (SOC) content of the soil compared to CF treatment. The application of slurry-based biochar increased N2O and CO2 flux, which, in turn, appeared to depend upon biochar concentration. The application of biochar probably increased the nitrification rate as biochar-treated soils had higher values of NO3 ?-N and lower values of NH4 +-N compared to soils not treated with biochar at most of the observations. The SOC content was also the highest in biochar-treated soils. The overall crop yield for three cropping cycles was the highest in DL and biochar at low application rate (BL), and it was lower in CF, biochar at medium (BM) and high (BH) application rate. This study indicates that the application of DL could be an effective strategy to minimize the use of CF, without affecting N2O flux, CO2 flux, soil mineral N, and increasing crop productivity. The effects of slurry-based biochar on greenhouse gases flux and crop yield depends on the application rate of biochar. 相似文献