Antagonism of detomidine with tolazoline in isoflurane-anaesthetised ponies     

NS Matthews  SW Erickson  GS Light  MR Slater  SM Hartsfield 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》1995,22(1):25-30

The effects of tolazoline (4.0 mg/kg iv) antagonism of detomidine (0.02 mg/kg iv) were evaluated in isoflurane-anaesthetised, ventilated ponies. Each of 6 ponies received both tolazoline and saline treatment during separate anaesthetic episodes only (no surgery was performed). Detomidine administration produced an increase in blood pressure, decrease in heart rate and decrease in P_aO₂ Tolazoline treatment transiently increased heart rate while blood pressure returned to baseline after both treatments. Arterial oxygenation decreased further after tolazoline treatment while oxgenation recovered towards baseline with saline treatment. No other cardiopulmonary effects were detected. Recovery from anaesthesia tended to be more rapid when detomidine was antagonized. The potential benefit of antagonizing detomidine-induced bradycardia with tolazoline, during isoflurane anaesthesia should be weighed against the potential to produce a decrease in arterial oxygenation. The mechanism for this effect is not clear.  相似文献   

Visceral mast cell tumour with eosinophilia and eosinophilic peritoneal and pleural effusions in a cat     

AE PEASTON  SM GRIFFEY 《Australian veterinary journal》1994,71(7):215-217

Summary A cat with weight loss, pyrexia and recurrent lethargy and depression was found to have pleural and peritoneal eosinophilic effusions, peripheral eosinophilia, eosinophilic lymphadenitis and a massively enlarged mesenteric lymph node. Visceral mast cell neoplasia was diagnosed after histopathological examination of a biopsy of the mass. Palliative chemotherapy was attempted unsuccessfully and the cat was euthanased.  相似文献   

Soybean hulls, wheat middlings, and corn gluten feed as supplements for cattle on forage-based diets.     

Matthew H Poore  John T Johns  W Roy Burris 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice》2002,18(2):213-231

Soybean hulls, wheat midds, and corn gluten feed are viable alternative supplements for forage-fed cattle. All three result from the processing of major Unites States agricultural crops, so large supplies are available. Their value is better for ruminant animals than for monogastrics because they contain digestible fiber components. These byproducts are widely available throughout the Unites States and will generally be more economical than traditional feed grains or commercial feeds when used appropriately as supplements to forage-based diets. Knowledge about the composition of base forage must be used in planning supplementation strategies because base forages vary in protein and mineral content [9]. Soybean hulls alone may be a good selection in situations in which forages are adequate or high in protein. In situations where forage is marginal or deficient in protein, wheat midds, corn gluten feed, or a mix of soybean hulls and corn gluten feed might be most desirable. All three feeds can be variable in nutrient composition, so they should be analyzed to ensure a balanced nutrient level in diets. Soybean hulls are especially variable in crude protein content and should always be analyzed when forages are marginal or deficient in protein. Despite the fact that published energy levels are substantially lower, research has shown that soybean hulls and wheat midds have a value comparable to corn and soybean meal in forage-based diets. Corn gluten feed has also been comparable to corn and soybean meal in most reports but is closer in value to its published energy levels. In general, results with soybean hulls have been surprisingly good and consistent, whereas responses to wheat midds and corn gluten feed supplementation have been more variable and sometimes disappointing. Feeding rates for soybean hulls can range from low to extremely high depending on forage availability and desired performance. Wheat midds should be limited in most situations to 50% of the expected dry matter intake because of their rapidly digested starch content. Corn gluten feed should be limited to approximately 50% of expected dry matter intake because of its high sulfur content. Several research groups are currently evaluating self-feeding programs for these byproducts, and while the potential for health and production problems exist, results have been encouraging in most cases. Self-feeding would reduce the labor costs of hand feeding and could provide backgrounders with a program to expand cattle numbers on a limited land base.  相似文献   

Effect of intrathecal amikacin administration and repeated centesis on digital flexor tendon sheath synovial fluid in horses     

Dykgraaf S  Dechant JE  Johns JL  Christopher MM  Bolt DM  Snyder JR 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2007,36(1):57-63

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of intrathecal amikacin administration and repeated tenovaginocentesis on the total nucleated cell count (TNCC), total protein (TP) concentration and cytologic characteristics of synovial fluid of the equine digital flexor tendon sheath (DFTS). STUDY DESIGN: Randomized, cross-over experimental design. ANIMALS: Adult horses (n=8). METHODS: Synovial fluid was aseptically collected from the DFTS and either 1 mL amikacin sulfate (250 mg/mL) or lactated Ringer's solution (LRS) was injected into the DFTS. Serial synovial fluid samples were obtained at 0, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours. The opposite treatment was administered to the contralateral DFTS after a washout period of 2 weeks. RESULTS: Treatment increased TP concentration, TNCC, percentage of neutrophils, and neutrophil counts from baseline levels. There was no difference between treatment of the DFTS with amikacin or LRS. Values peaked at 12-24 hours after the initial centesis and then declined toward baseline levels. CONCLUSIONS: Injection and repeat centesis of the normal DFTS with 250 mg amikacin or an equivalent volume of LRS resulted in mild increases in synovial fluid analytes from baseline. Synovial inflammation in this study was not accompanied by lameness at the walk and measured analytes returned toward baseline levels within 12-24 hours of first injection. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The effect of tenovaginocentesis and intrathecal administration of amikacin or LRS on DFTS synovial fluid values are modest in most horses; however, some horses can develop marked increases in synovial fluid values that may be interpreted as sepsis.  相似文献   

Hepatic encephalopathy in a pregnant mare: identification of histopathological changes in the brain of a mare and fetus     

Johns IC  Del Piero F  Wilkins PA 《Australian veterinary journal》2007,85(8):337-340

An 11-year-old Thoroughbred broodmare was evaluated for suspected hepatic dysfunction. Clinical signs of hepatic encephalopathy were evident at admission. Hepatic ultrasonographic evaluation revealed an increase in hepatic size, rounded borders and normal echogenicity. There was no evidence of cholelithiasis or bile duct distention. Increased activity of hepatic enzymes, increased bile acid and bilirubin concentration and an increased ammonia concentration were supportive of a diagnosis of hepatic disease and hepatic encephalopathy. Histopathological evaluation of a liver biopsy specimen was consistent with chronic active hepatitis. The mare was treated with intravenous fluids and antimicrobials, pentoxyfilline, branched-chain amino acids and dietary manipulation. Clinical improvement was observed initially; however, 3 weeks later, deterioration in the mare's condition necessitated euthanasia. Pathological lesions at necropsy were restricted to the liver and brain. The liver was diffusely firm with a prominent reticular pattern on the cut surface. A large choledocholith was present in the main bile duct of the left liver lobe. Histopathological examination of the liver revealed severe fibrosis, with hyperplastic bile ducts and mononuclear and neutrophilic inflammation. Pathological changes consistent with hepatic encephalopathy, (Alzheimer type II cells), were evident in the cerebrum of both the mare and the fetus.  相似文献   

Client knowledge,attitudes and practices regarding zoonoses: a metropolitan experience          下载免费PDF全文

SG Steele  SM Mor 《Australian veterinary journal》2015,93(12):439-444

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Biomimetic Pathways for Assembling Inorganic Thin Films   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

IA Aksay  M Trau  S Manne  I Honma  N Yao  L Zhou  P Fenter  PM Eisenberger  SM Gruner 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1996,273(5277):892-898

Living organisms construct various forms of laminated nanocomposites through directed nucleation and growth of inorganics at self-assembled organic templates at temperatures below 100°C and in aqueous solutions. Recent research has focused on the use of functionalized organic surfaces to form continuous thin films of single-phase ceramics. Continuous thin films of mesostructured silicates have also been formed on hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces through a two-step mechanism. First, under acidic conditions, surfactant micellar structures are self-assembled at the solid/liquid interface, and second, inorganic precursors condense to form an inorganic-organic nanocomposite. Epitaxial coordination of adsorbed surfactant tubules is observed on mica and graphite substrates, whereas a random arrangement is observed on amorphous silica. The ability to process ceramic-organic nanocomposite films by these methods provides new technological opportunities.  相似文献   

The Seismic Structure of the Sun     

DO Gough  AG Kosovichev  J Toomre  E Anderson  HM Antia  S Basu  B Chaboyer  SM Chitre  J Christensen-Dalsgaard  WA Dziembowski  A Eff-Darwich  JR Elliott  PM Giles  PR Goode  JA Guzik  JW Harvey  F Hill  JW Leibacher  MJPFG Monteiro  O Richard  T Sekii  H Shibahashi  M Takata  MJ Thompson  S Vauclair  SV Vorontsov 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1996,272(5266):1296-1300

Global Oscillation Network Group data reveal that the internal structure of the sun can be well represented by a calibrated standard model. However, immediately beneath the convection zone and at the edge of the energy-generating core, the sound-speed variation is somewhat smoother in the sun than it is in the model. This could be a consequence of chemical inhomogeneity that is too severe in the model, perhaps owing to inaccurate modeling of gravitational settling or to neglected macroscopic motion that may be present in the sun. Accurate knowledge of the sun's structure enables inferences to be made about the physics that controls the sun; for example, through the opacity, the equation of state, or wave motion. Those inferences can then be used elsewhere in astrophysics.  相似文献   

Comparison of serological tests and faecal culture for the detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in cattle and analysis of the antigens involved     

Reichel MP  Kittelberger R  Penrose ME  Meynell RM  Cousins D  Ellis T  Mutharia LM  Sugden EA  Johns AH  de Lisle GW 《Veterinary microbiology》1999,66(2):135-150

Three hundred and forty-one sera from cattle in Western Australia and 106 sera from Mycobacterium paratuberculosis faecal culture positive cattle were used to evaluate the performance of two absorbed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) (one locally produced, the other a commercial test) and a complement fixation test (CFT) for the detection of Johne's disease in cattle. The diagnostic sensitivity (47.2%) of the local ELISA was significantly higher than that of the commercial ELISA (31.1%), and significantly higher than that for the complement fixation test (17.9%) and immunoblot (20.8%). Diagnostic specificity for the two ELISAs was 99.7% and 97.9% and similar for CFT and immunoblot (97.1% and 97.7%, respectively). The diagnostic sensitivity rose for both ELISAs and the CFT as the number of M. paratuberculosis isolated from the faeces increased. The ELISA antigen was characterised by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and electrophoretic immunoblotting and was found to consist mostly of a carbohydrate-type macromolecule of 32-42 kDa. This macromolecule was identified as lipoarabinomannan (LAM) by using a LAM-specific monoclonal antibody in immunoblots and purified LAM in absorption experiments. By applying more complex antigen preparations in immunoblots, serum antibodies against proteins of 47, 37, 30, 24 and 21 kDa, and against the 32-42 kDa carbohydrate component were frequently found in infected cattle, and of these the 47 kDa protein and the 32-42 kDa antigen were immuno-dominant. Pre-absorption of the sera with M. phlei sonicate indicated that the protein antigens contributed markedly to non-specific serological cross-reactions, while the 32-42 kDa non-protein macromolecule appeared to be specific.  相似文献   

Regioselective acylation of 3-O-angeloylingenol by Candida antarctica Lipase B     

R.W. Teng  D. McManus  J. Aylward  S. Ogbourne  J. Johns  P. Parsons  A. Bacic 《Fitoterapia》2009

Acylation of 3-O-angeloylingenol (1) with vinyl acetate, vinyl decanoate and vinyl cinnamate, catalyzed by Candida antarctica Lipase B, was investigated. In each case, compound 1 was quantitatively and regioselectively acylated to afford a single product, 3-O-angeloyl-20-O-acetylingenol (1a), 3-O-angeloyl-20-O-decanoylingenol (1b) and 3-O-angeloyl-20-O-cinnamoylingenol (1c), respectively. The structures of the novel compounds 1b–1c were determined by MS and NMR, and product 1a by comparison of RP-HPLC and TLC with a standard. Compounds 1b–1c induced a bipolar morphology of MM96L melanoma cells at a similar concentration as compound 1, as well as having activity in inhibiting the growth of MM96L melanoma cells.  相似文献