Aeromonas hydrophila as a causative agent of blue sac fry syndrome in different trout species          下载免费PDF全文

Ş Kayiş  A Er  C Yilmaz  A Düzgün  Ö Köse  I Z Kurtoğlu 《Journal of fish diseases》2015,38(12):1069-1071

  相似文献   

Phenology and damage of Anarsia lineatella Zell. (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in peach,apricot and nectarine orchards under semi-arid conditions     

Mehmet Mamay  Ertan Yanık  Mahmut Doğramacı 《Phytoparasitica》2014,42(5):641-649

This study was conducted under semi-arid conditions in ?anl?urfa province (Turkey) in 2010–2011. One orchard each of peach, apricot and nectarine was selected for the study. There was less than one mile distance separating the orchards, and therefore climate, soil and topography were similar. Adult emergence, population peaks, number of generations per year and damage of the peach twig borer [PTB] [Anarsia lineatella Zell. (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)] on twigs and fruits were determined. Sex pheromone traps were used to determine moth population dynamics. Fruits and twigs were checked to determine damage rate and host preference of the PTB among peach, apricot and nectarine. This study showed that the first adults of the PTB were detected in early May and pest populations peaked four times during both years. The highest numbers of adults captured by the pheromone traps in peach, apricot and nectarine orchards were 115, 86 and 70 adults/trap, respectively. The PTB damage rates on twigs were 38, 18 and 16% (2010) (P < 0.05) and 30, 22 and 14% (2011) (P < 0.05), while damage rates on fruits were 29, 6 and 6% (2010) (P < 0.05) and 14, 8 and 5% (2011) (P < 0.05) in peach, nectarine and apricot, respectively. The results showed that A. lineatella caused greater damage on peaches than on apricots and nectarines.  相似文献   

平山湖温性荒漠草地草畜平衡现状及发展措施     

高占琪  温洪  王国生  张洁  陆飒  李昀  王东辉  魏玉兵 《草原与草坪》2009,(6):69-72

2008年通过对张掖市平山湖蒙古族乡草地、农牧业生产经营情况的入户调查,全乡有天然草地8.67万hm^2,可利用草地6.38万hm^2。草地理论载畜量为2.03万羊单位,实际存栏6.843万羊单位,超载4.813万羊单位,达237%。由于草地严重超载过牧,造成温性荒漠草地退化加剧,裸露草地数量增加,水土流失严重,草原生态环境日益恶化,使当地农牧民生产、生活受到严重的影响。必须通过调整优化畜群结构,使饲养牲畜公母比例由1∶1.4提高到1∶2.5-3.0,改变传统的全放牧饲养方式,加快畜群周转,达到草畜平衡,实现草地畜牧业可持续发展。  相似文献   

Nano-TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> based multilayer film deposition on cotton fabrics for UV-protection     

Şule S. Uğur  Merih Sarııšık  A. Hakan Aktaş 《Fibers and Polymers》2011,12(2):190-196

Nano-TiO₂ based multilayer nanocomposite films were fabricated on cationically modified woven cotton fabrics by layer-by-layer molecular self-assembly technique. Cationization process was used to obtain cationic surface charge on cotton fabrics. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses were used to verify the presence of cationic surface charge and multilayer films deposited on the fabrics. Scanning electron microscope micrographs of poly(sodium 4-styrene sulfonate)/TiO₂, nano polyurethane/TiO₂, and TiO₂/poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) multilayer films deposited on cotton fabrics were taken. With nano-TiO₂ based multilayer film deposition, the protection of cotton fabrics against UV radiation is enhanced. The UV protection durability of the self-assembled multilayer films deposited on the cotton fabrics was analyzed after 10 and 20 washing cycles at 40 °C for 30 min. Air permeability and whiteness value analysis were performed on the untreated and multilayer film deposited cotton fabrics. The effect of layer-by-layer deposition process on tensile strength properties of the warp and weft yarns was determined.  相似文献   

Factors affecting forest cooperative's participation in forestry in Turkey     

Erdoğan Atmiş  H. Batuhan Günşen  Banu Bayramoğlu Lise  Wietze Lise 《Forest Policy and Economics》2009,11(2):102-108

This study analyses forest cooperative's participation in forestry in Turkey. The study was carried out with 71 forest cooperatives in the Kastamonu province, located in the Western Black Sea Region. By using a principal component analysis it was found that the most important factors affecting forest cooperative's participation in forestry are: (1) member involvement, (2) forest ownership and administration, and (3) harmony within cooperatives and between cooperatives and the state. These three factors explained 59% of participation within a cooperative.Regression analyses indicate that active members, sufficiency of work, use of published material, and the availability of capital and credit are important variables to explain variations in participation. A game theoretic model indicates a positive link between a cooperative's wood production (payoff) and levels of participation as derived from the principal component analysis, indicating that a productive forest goes hand in hand with high levels of forest cooperative's participation in forestry.  相似文献   

油松移植苗培育的质量调控技术     

赵雪彬  更藏措  李萨 《青海农林科技》2009,(1)

根据培育油松移植苗的生长特点,总结培育优质油松移植苗的调控技术,结果表明,一年中油松仅生长一个月,抓紧这一个月的水肥管理很关键,密度控制是培育大苗的重要措施.  相似文献   

我国航天诱变育种研究进展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

萨如拉  胡晓林 《西藏农业科技》2009,31(4):1-3

本文综述了航天诱变育种的特点、程序,我国航天诱变育种成果,开展航天诱变育种的意义．航天诱变育种的展望。  相似文献   

分子标记技术在油菜育种中的应用探讨     

萨如拉 《西藏农业科技》2009,31(2):38-40

本文从控制油菜重要性状的基因定位、遗传图谱构建、亲缘关系、起源及分类、辅助育种、杂种优势预测等方面综述了分子标记技术在油菜育种中的应用。  相似文献   

A study on structural characterization of thermal stabilization stage of polyacrylonitrile fibers prior to carbonization     

Ismail Karacan  Gulhan Erdoğan 《Fibers and Polymers》2012,13(3):329-338

Structural transformations taking place during the thermal stabilization of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber used for the production of carbon fiber were characterized using a combination of polarized infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and density measurements. Direct relationship between the increasing oxygen content and the density values was confirmed with increasing stabilization time. Linear density values were found to be directly influenced by the stabilization time. Thermal stability of stabilized precursor fibers was evaluated in terms of weight loss and residual weight fraction. The results showed that a residual weight fraction of 65 % at 1000 °C can be obtained but longer stabilization time resulted in a loss of residual weight fraction due to excessive thermal degradation. SEM was used for the observation of surface morphological features of stabilized precursor fibers. Polarized infrared spectroscopy showed the loss of molecular orientation of methylene (CH₂), nitrile (Ct=N), and carbonyl (C=O) groups in direct response to the effects of cyclization, dehydrogenation, and amorphization (i.e. decrystallization) processes taking place during the stabilization stage.  相似文献   

Evaluation of feed utilization and growth performance of juvenile striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus fed diets with varying inclusion levels of corn gluten meal     

B. Güroy  İ. Şahin  S. Kayalı  S. Mantoğlu  B. Canan  D.L. Merrifield  S.J. Davies  D. Güroy 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2013,19(3):258-266

A nutrition trial with striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) juveniles was undertaken to evaluate the effect of replacing dietary fishmeal (FM) protein with corn gluten meal (CGM). A diet with FM as the main protein source was used as the control diet (FM). Five experimental diets (approximately 320 g kg^?1 crude protein) were formulated to progressively replace 20% (CGM20), 40% (CGM40), 60% (CGM60), 80% (CGM80) and 100% (CGM100) of FM protein. Fifteen fish per tank (initial weight 11.2 ± 0.6 g) were randomly distributed into 18 80‐litre fibreglass tanks connected to a closed recirculation system (temperature 30.3 ± 1.0 °C). The diets were tested in triplicate for 12 weeks. The final weight and specific growth rate (SGR) of fish fed diets CGM20, CGM40 and CGM60 were not significantly different compared to fish fed the FM diet. Feed intake (FI) tended to decrease with increasing dietary CGM level. Striped catfish fed FM, CGM20 and CGM40 had significantly lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared with fish fed CGM80 and CGM100 (P < 0.05). The protein efficiency ratio (PER) of fish fed the CGM80 and CGM100 diets was significantly lower than those of all other treatments (P < 0.05). Total ammonia‐nitrogen (TAN) excretion increased with elevated dietary CGM inclusion. The viscerosomatic index (VSI) of fish fed the CGM80 and CGM100 diets were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those of fish fed the other treatments. The crude lipid content in the final body composition of the striped catfish was elevated significantly with increasing dietary CGM levels. Fish fed the CGM80 and CGM100 diets displayed haematocrit levels significantly lower (P < 0.05) than those fed the other diets. The haemoglobin content in fish was significantly higher in fish fed CGM20 and lower at CGM100 compared to fish fed the FM diet. The results of the present trial indicated that the optimum level of FM protein replacement with CGM determined by quadratic regression analysis was 25.1% on the basis of maximum SGR.  相似文献