Characterization and Purification of Glutathione S-Transferase from the Liver and Gill Tissues of Ağrı Balık Lake Trout Salmo trutta labrax and the Effects of Heavy Metal Ions on Its Activity   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Veysel Çomaklı  Muslum Kuzu  Ramazan Demirdağ 《Journal of aquatic animal health》2015,27(3):145-151

Glutathione S-transferase (GST) from the liver and gill tissues of A?r? Bal?k Lake Trout (also known as Black Sea Trout) Salmo trutta labrax was characterized and purified, and the toxic effects of some heavy metal ions on the enzyme's activity were analyzed. Liver GST was purified 930 times, resulting in 56% yield using glutathione–agarose affinity chromatography and a specific activity of 60.87 endotoxin units (EU)/mg protein. Using the same procedure, gill GST was purified 576 times, resulting in a 60% yield and specific activity of 46.8 EU/mg protein. The purity check of the purified enzymes was determined with sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Optimal pH, ionic strength, and stable pH were found for each tissue, and separate K_M and V_max values were determined for reduced glutathione and 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene substrates. Heavy metal ions that have toxic effects on living organisms and are known to contribute to environmental pollution were selected, and their in vitro effects on enzyme activity were analyzed. The IC50 values and K_i constants of those metal ions showing an inhibitory effect on GST activity were determined.

Received November 24, 2014; accepted March 11, 2015  相似文献   

农业生产托管模式效率差异及其影响因素研究——以黑龙江省为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张梅  杨洒  颜华 《农业现代化研究》2022,43(3):484-492

农业生产托管是实现小农户与现代农业有机衔接的重要途径,但不同托管模式可能存在效率差异,探究不同托管模式的效率差异对农业现代化发展具有重要的现实意义。本文基于产权理论,以黑龙江省为例,利用农业生产托管组织的调查数据,运用超越对数随机前沿生产函数,分析不同农业生产托管模式的技术效率差异并探讨其影响因素。结果表明,农业生产托管分为村集体主导型和新型农业经营主体主导型两种模式,村集体主导模式与新型农业经营主体主导模式之间存在技术效率差异,村集体主导模式的平均技术效率比新型农业经营主体主导模式高7.79个百分点。农业生产托管规模、托管土地细碎化程度、托管组织自给劳动力人数、设置农业经纪人能显著影响农业生产托管的技术效率。村集体主导模式与新型农业经营主体主导模式效率差异原因在于村集体主导模式土地细碎化程度较低,且由于产权原因自给劳动力人数普遍较多,而新型农业经营主体主导模式没有充分发挥托管规模与农业经纪人优势。因此,提出积极鼓励发展村集体主导模式、进一步支持新型农业经营主体扩大托管规模、培育农业经纪人队伍等建议。  相似文献   

降水对内蒙古草原植被生长的影响     

滑永春  萨如拉  包文学 《东北林业大学学报》2021,49(7):47-55

为了解降水对草地植被生长的影响和草地植被变化的关键因子,以1982—2015年间内蒙古草地为研究对象,应用植被指数、降水和草地类型数据,采用皮尔逊相关系数和滞后系数方法,分析内蒙古地区不同草原类型归一化植被指数的降水滞后性.结果表明:(1)草地年降水量由大到小依次为:草甸草原(477.39 mm)、典型草原(391.52 mm)、荒漠草原(247.41 mm),草甸草原7月份降水量达到最大值,而荒漠草原8月份降水量达到最大.(2)草甸草原、典型草原、荒漠草原的归一化植被指数呈现单峰变化规律,荒漠草原的归一化植被指数变化不显著,整个生长季的归一化植被指数波动不大;不同草原类型的年均归一化植被指数值由大到小依次为:草甸草原(0.33)、典型草原(0.23)、荒漠草原(0.14).(3)生长季草原植被归一化植被指数与降水显著相关,草原植被生长对降水存在明显的滞后性,不同月份滞后时间存在差异.9月份草原植被生长对降水的滞后时间为2个月,5—8月份草原植被生长对降水的滞后时间为1个月左右,4月份草原植被生长对降水的滞后不明显.滞后月份降水和归一化植被指数相关系数和显著相关面积占比由大到小的顺序为:荒漠草原、典型草原、草甸草原.因此,归一化植被指数变化(草原植被生长)对降水存在明显的滞后性,可以有效预测牧草的长势和干旱情况.  相似文献   

Effects of dietary oregano and garlic essential oils on carcass characteristics,meat composition,colour, pH and sensory quality of broiler meat     

F. Kirkpinar  H.B. Ünlü  M. Serdaroğlu  G.Y. Turp 《British poultry science》2014,55(2):157-166

1. An experiment was conducted to determine the individual and combined effects of two essential oils, oregano and garlic, on carcass characteristics, meat composition, colour, pH and sensory quality of broiler meat.

2. The diets were supplemented with no essential oil (control), oregano essential oil or garlic essential oil at 300 mg/kg and oregano essential oil at 150 mg/kg + garlic essential oil at 150 mg/kg.

3. Dietary oregano and garlic oil supplementation did not affect carcass yields, the relative weight of carcass parts, breast and thigh meat composition, pH or b* value of breast meat. Oregano + garlic oil supplementation significantly decreased the L* value. The a* value of breast meat in birds given a diet supplemented with oregano oil was lower than that in birds given a diet supplemented with garlic oil and oregano oil + garlic oil. The essential oil addition had no positive effect on the oxidative stability. There was no difference between the treatments in breast appearance.

4. The juiciness, flavour, oxidised flavour and acceptability of breast meat samples were affected by treatments.  相似文献   

Arterial Thoracic Vascularization in Some Deer Species: Pampas Deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus), Brown Brocket Deer (Mazama gouazoubira) and Axis Deer (Axis axis)     

W. Pérez  S. Erdoğan 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2014,43(6):490-494

In this study, the arterial distributions of the aortic arches of three deer species (Axis axis, Ozotoceros bezoarticus and Mazama gouazoubira) were described. The animals were dissected immediately after being found dead. Latex injection method was used to observe the vascularization of the thorax. The branching pattern of the arteries of the thoracic aorta in O. bezoarticus was similar to domestic ruminants. In the M. gouazoubira and A. axis, there were no bicarotid trunk. Interestingly, the first branch of the brachiocephalic trunk was the left costocervical trunk in A. axis. Then, brachiocephalic trunk was divided into right and left subclavian arteries. M. gouazoubira and A. axis in contrast to O. bezoarticus were different when compared with other ruminants, and the absence of bicarotid trunk was more striking than previous reports.  相似文献   

Incisor ridge modification of the mandibles in freshwater crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus     

Muzaffer Mustafa Harlıoğlu 《Aquaculture International》2000,8(5):443-453

The differences in the ridge structure of the mandibles of different size Astacus leptodactylus (32–80 mm carapace length, CL) were investigated. The results showed that a modification occurs with an increase in size in the incisor ridge of mandibles in A. leptodactylus. The results also showed that A. leptodactylus possesses four different types of ridge structure in the mandibles. These are: (1) Incisor ridge with big teeth (dentate crenate), (2) Blade-like incisor ridge with numerous small teeth, (3) Blade-like ridge (toothless), (4) Blunt ridge. In conclusion, it is thought that the incisor ridge modification of the mandibles may cause the difference in the food choice of different size A. leptodactylus, because, crayfish possessing different ridge structures of the mandible may probably feed on different type of food.  相似文献   

Biosynthetic Modularity Rules in the Bisintercalator Family of Antitumor Compounds     

Javier Fernández  Laura Marín  Raquel álvarez-Alonso  Saúl Redondo  Juan Carvajal  Germán Villamizar  Claudio J. Villar  Felipe Lombó 《Marine drugs》2014,12(5):2668-2699

Diverse actinomycetes produce a family of structurally and biosynthetically related non-ribosomal peptide compounds which belong to the chromodepsipeptide family. These compounds act as bisintercalators into the DNA helix. They give rise to antitumor, antiparasitic, antibacterial and antiviral bioactivities. These compounds show a high degree of conserved modularity (chromophores, number and type of amino acids). This modularity and their high sequence similarities at the genetic level imply a common biosynthetic origin for these pathways. Here, we describe insights about rules governing this modular biosynthesis, taking advantage of the fact that nowadays five of these gene clusters have been made public (thiocoraline, triostin, SW-163 and echinomycin/quinomycin). This modularity has potential application for designing and producing novel genetic engineered derivatives, as well as for developing new chemical synthesis strategies. These would facilitate their clinical development.  相似文献   

Relationship between the serum concentrations of serotonin and lipids and aggression in dogs   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Cakiroğlu D  Meral Y  Sancak AA  Cifti G 《The Veterinary record》2007,161(2):59-61

The serum concentrations of serotonin and lipids--triglycerides, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein and very low density lipoprotein--were determined in 18 normal dogs and 23 dogs diagnosed as aggressive on the basis of interviews with their owners and an assessment of their behaviour with reference to a canine overt aggression chart. The serum serotonin levels in the aggressive dogs were significantly lower than in the normal dogs (P<0.01), but the differences in serum lipids between the two groups were not statistically significant.  相似文献   

施用有机酸和氨基酸对烤烟生长及氮素吸收的影响   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16  

刘国顺  朱凯  武雪萍  郭桥燕  彭飒 《华北农学报》2004,19(4):51-54

试验结果表明，在营养液中添加适量的有机酸和氨基酸促进了烟株的生长发育和氮代谢。表现在：提高烟株的根系活力和叶绿体色素含量，促进烟株干物质和氮素的积累，不同氨基酸和有机酸作用大小不尽相同。有机酸处理烤烟叶绿体色素前期增加快后期下降也快，而氨基酸处理后期叶绿体色素变化则相对比较缓和；在促进烟株干物质积累和氮素积累方面，有机酸作用高于氨基酸，而对硝酸还原酶活性和氮含量的影响却低于氨基酸。从整体上看，有机酸对促进烟株生长和氮素积累的效果好于氨基酸。  相似文献   

Antimicrobial screening of Mentha piperita essential oils     

Işcan G  Kirimer N  Kürkcüoğlu M  Başer KH  Demirci F 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(14):3943-3946

Essential oils of peppermint Mentha piperita L. (Lamiaceae), which are used in flavors, fragrances, and pharmaceuticals, were investigated for their antimicrobial properties against 21 human and plant pathogenic microorganisms. The bioactivity of the oils menthol and menthone was compared using the combination of in vitro techniques such as microdilution, agar diffusion, and bioautography. It was shown that all of the peppermint oils screened strongly inhibited plant pathogenic microorganisms, whereas human pathogens were only moderately inhibited. Chemical compositions of the oils were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Using the bioautography assay, menthol was found to be responsible for the antimicrobial activity of these oils.  相似文献