A black soybean seed coat extract prevents obesity and glucose intolerance by up-regulating uncoupling proteins and down-regulating inflammatory cytokines in high-fat diet-fed mice     

Kanamoto Y  Yamashita Y  Nanba F  Yoshida T  Tsuda T  Fukuda I  Nakamura-Tsuruta S  Ashida H 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(16):8985-8993

Black soybean seed coat extract (BE) is a polyphenol-rich food material consisting of 9.2% cyanidin 3-glucoside, 6.2% catechins, 39.8% procyanidins, and others. This study demonstrated that BE ameliorated obesity and glucose intolerance by up-regulating uncoupling proteins (UCPs) and down-regulating inflammatory cytokines in C57BL/6 mice fed a control or high-fat diet containing BE for 14 weeks. BE suppressed fat accumulation in mesenteric adipose tissue, reduced the plasma glucose level, and enhanced insulin sensitivity in the high-fat diet-fed mice. The gene and protein expression levels of UCP-1 in brown adipose tissue and UCP-2 in white adipose tissue were up-regulated by BE. Moreover, the gene expression levels of major inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-α and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 were remarkably decreased by BE in white adipose tissue. BE is a beneficial food material for the prevention of obesity and diabetes by enhancing energy expenditure and suppressing inflammation.  相似文献   

High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein is present in the cerebrospinal fluid of dogs with encephalitis     

Miyasho T  Nakamura K  Nomura S  Kawasako K  Nakade T  Yamada S  Yokota H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(7):917-922

Many cases of encephalitic disease with unknown etiologies have been reported in specific breeds of small dogs. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in neuronal cells was recently found to be a novel cytokine-like mediator that is a marker of neuronal necrosis and inflammation. The aim of this study was to determine whether HMGB1 levels are elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of dogs suspected of having encephalitis. CSF was obtained from 31 dogs that were diagnosed with an encephalitic disease by clinical examinations and magnetic resonance image (MRI) scanning. The CSF samples were analyzed via western blotting (WB) and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with a polyclonal antibody against HMGB1. The mean HMGB1 concentration was significantly higher in the encephalitic dogs than that in the healthy controls. The concentrations of HMGB1 were correlated with the cell counts and total protein concentrations, which are known CSF indicators of the neuronal inflammation associated with encephalitis. These results suggest that HMGB1 protein in CSF confirms the presence of necrosis and inflammation in most cases of canine encephalitis and that HMGB1 will be a new indicator of encephalitis.  相似文献   

Chromosome doubling of Lychnis spp. by in vitro spindle toxin treatment of nodal segments     

Takahiro Nonaka  Eriko Oka  Megumi Asano  Sachiko Kuwayama  Hiromu Tasaki  Dong-Sheng Han  Toshinari Godo  Masaru Nakano 《Scientia Horticulturae》2011

Lychnis (Caryophyllaceae) consists of about 30 species distributed throughout the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, from East Asia to Europe. Many Lychnis spp. have high ornamental value and cultivated as pot or garden plants. In the present study, in vitro chromosome doubling of several Lychnis spp. was examined in order to widen their variability in horticultural traits. Initially effect of various spindle toxin treatments [100, 500 or 1000 mg l⁻¹ colchicine (COL), 10, 20 or 50 mg l⁻¹ oryzalin (ORY), or 1, 5, 10 mg l⁻¹ amiprophos-methyl (APM)] of nodal segments of a triploid genotype of L. senno (3x) was investigated on survival of nodal segments and chromosome doubling in nodal segment-derived plantlets. Significantly higher percentage (75.0%) of surviving segments after spindle toxin treatment was obtained in 10 mg l⁻¹ ORY treatment. Flow cytometry (FCM) analysis of leaf tissues showed that 9.4–13.8% of plantlets, which were derived from 10 to 20 mg l⁻¹ ORY, or 5 mg l⁻¹ APM treatments, were hexaploid (6x) or ploidy chimera (3x + 6x, 4x + 6x, 5x + 6x, 3x + 4x + 6x). The results obtained by FCM analysis were confirmed by chromosome observation in root tip cells. Thus 10 mg l⁻¹ ORY treatment of nodal segments is suitable for in vitro chromosome doubling of triploid L. senno. Efficient chromosome doubling was also achieved in diploid L. fulgens (2x) and L. sieboldii (2x) by treating nodal segments with 10 mg l⁻¹ ORY: 68.9–88.7% of nodal segments survived after ORY treatment, and 24.7–26.5% of plantlets derived from ORY-treated nodal segments were tetraploid (4x) or ploidy chimera (2x + 4x) in both species. These results indicate that the in vitro chromosome doubling method established for triploid L. senno may be applicable to a wide range of Lychnis spp. Tetraploid L. fulgens and L. sieboldii showed a compact plant form, and had thick stems and deep green leaves compared with the diploid mother plants. On the other hand, hexaploid L. senno showed very poor growth and died before flowering.  相似文献   

Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in seals around Hokkaido, Japan   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Fujii K  Kakumoto C  Kobayashi M  Saito S  Kariya T  Watanabe Y  Xuan X  Igarashi I  Suzuki M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(4):393-398

Serological analysis was performed to detect Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum infection in seals in Hokkaido. Serum samples were collected from 322 Kuril harbor seals (Phoca vitulina stejnegeri) at Nosappu, Akkeshi and Erimo, from 46 spotted seals (P. largha) at Nosappu, Erimo, Yagishiri Island, Hamamasu and Syakotan, and from 4 ribbon seals (P. fasciata) and a bearded seal (Erignathus barbatus) at Nosappu between 1998 and 2006. Recombinant surface antigen of T. gondii (SAG2t) and N. caninum (NcSAG1t) were used as antigens for ELISA to detect antibodies. Antibodies against SAG2t were detected from 4% of 77 Kuril harbor seals at Nosappu in 2005. Antibodies against NcSAG1t were detected from 2% (1/66) in 2003, 5% (4/79) in 2004 and 10% (8/77) in 2005 of Kuril harbor seals and 11% of 9 spotted seals in 2004 sampled at Nosappu. Eight percent of 12 Kuril harbor seals from Akkeshi and 25% of 4 spotted seals from Erimo in 2005 also contained antibodies against NcSAG1t. These suggest sporadic infection of T. gondii and N. caninum in Kuril harbor seals and spotted seals in Hokkaido. Of the ELISA-positive seals, 2 seals having anti-SAG2t antibodies and 3 seals having anti-NcSAG1t antibodies in 2005 were judged to be juveniles that have no maternal antibodies. These suggest that the protozoan infections have occurred in recent years. Infection of terrestrial protozoa such as T. gondii and N. caninum in seals indicates that the sea environment has been contaminated with protozoa.  相似文献   

Secomycalolide A: A New Proteasome Inhibitor Isolated from a Marine Sponge of the Genus Mycale     

Sachiko Tsukamoto  Keiichirou Koimaru  Tomihisa Ohta 《Marine drugs》2005,3(2):29-35

A new oxazole-containing proteasome inhibitor, secomycalolide A, together with known mycalolide A and 30-hydroxymycalolide A, was isolated from a marine sponge of the genus Mycale. They showed proteasome inhibitory activities with IC₅₀ values of 11–45 μg/mL.  相似文献   

Systems for making NIAS Core Collections, single-seed-derived germplasm, and plant photo images available to the research community     

Masaru Takeya  Fukuhiro Yamasaki  Sachiko Hattori  Akito Kaga  Norihiko Tomooka 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2013,60(7):1945-1951

The National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS) Genebank coordinates the conservation of plant, microorganism, and animal genetic resources related to food and agriculture in Japan. It also coordinates the distribution of genetic resources in the public domain for research, breeding, and educational purposes. To operate the NIAS Genebank efficiently, we have developed a genetic resources database, data management software, and web-based data retrieval systems to make the data available worldwide. This article describes the NIAS Genebank’s Core Collections of global and Japanese soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), Japanese azuki bean (Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi et Ohashi), and Japanese wheat (Triticum aestivum L. s. l.), all of which are available through the Genebank website. This article also describes new features of the NIAS Genebank database, such as the ability to select single-seed-derived germplasm of soybean in the plant search system and to download photographic data on accessions. By using the downloaded plant image PDF files, users can obtain detailed passport and agronomic information by clicking on the image of an accession of interest.  相似文献   

Development of PCR-based DNA marker for detection of white carrot contamination caused by Y2 locus     

Taeko Shibaya  Chika Kuroda  Shinobu Nakayama  Chiharu Minami  Akiko Obara  Takayoshi Fujii  Sachiko Isobe 《Breeding Science》2021,71(2):201

In carrot (Daucus carota L.), the taproot colors orange, yellow and white are determined mostly by the Y, Y2, and Or loci. One of the most severe issues in carrot seed production is contamination by wild white carrot. To evaluate the contamination ratio, easily detectable DNA markers for white carrot are desired. To develop PCR-based DNA markers for the Y2 locus, we have re-sequenced two orange-colored carrot cultivars at our company (Fujii Seed, Japan), as well as six white- and one light-orange-colored carrots that contaminated our seed products. Within the candidate region previously reported for the Y2 locus, only one DNA marker, Y2_7, clearly distinguished white carrots from orange ones in the re-sequenced samples. The Y2_7 marker was further examined in 12 of the most popular hybrid orange cultivars in Japan, as well as ‘Nantes’ and ‘Chantenay Red Cored 2’. The Y2_7 marker showed that all of the orange cultivars examined had the orange allele except for ‘Beta-441’. False white was detected in the orange-colored ‘Beta-441’. The Y2_7 marker detected white root carrot contamination in an old open-pollinated Japanese cultivar, ‘Nakamura Senkou Futo’. This marker would be a useful tool in a carrot seed quality control for some cultivars.  相似文献   

Domain composition of rhamnose-binding lectin from shishamo smelt eggs and its carbohydrate-binding profiles     

Masahiro Hosono  Shigeki Sugawara  Takeo Tatsuta  Toshiyuki Hikita  Junko Kominami  Sachiko Nakamura-Tsuruta  Jun Hirabayashi  Sarkar M. A. Kawsar  Yasuhiro Ozeki  Sen-itiroh Hakomori  Kazuo Nitta 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2013,39(6):1619-1630

Osmerus (Spirinchus) lanceolatus egg lectin (OLL) is a member of the rhamnose-binding lectin (RBL) family which is mainly found in aqueous beings. cDNA of OLL was cloned, and its genomic architecture was revealed. The deduced amino acid (aa) sequence indicated that OLL was composed of 213 aa including 95 aa of domain N and 97 aa of domain C. N and C showed 73 % sequence identity and contained both -ANYGR- and -DPC-KYL-peptide motifs which are conserved in most of the RBL carbohydrate recognition domains. The calculated molecular mass of mature OLL was 20,852, consistent with the result, and 20,677.716, from mass spectrometry. OLL was encoded by eight exons: exons 1 and 2 for a signal peptide; exons 3–5 and 6–8 for N- and C-domains, respectively. Surface plasmon resonance spectrometric analyses revealed that OLL showed comparable affinity for Galα- and β-linkages, whereas Silurus asotus lectin (SAL), a catfish RBL, bound preferentially to α-linkages of neoglycoproteins. The Kd values of OLL and SAL against globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) were 1.69 × 10^?5 M for and 2.81 × 10^?6 M, respectively. Thus, the carbohydrate recognition property of OLL is slightly different from that of SAL. On the other hand, frontal affinity chromatography revealed that both OLL and SAL interacted with only glycolipid-type oligosaccharides such as Gb3 trisaccharides, not with N-linked oligosaccharides. The domain composition of these RBLs and an analytical environment such as the “cluster effect” of a ligand might influence the binding between RBL and sugar chains.  相似文献   

Black band of Jew’s marrow caused by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Lasiodiplodia theobromae</Emphasis>     

Toyozo Sato  Yumi Iwamoto  Keisuke Tomioka  Satoshi Taba  Atsushi Ooshiro  Kazuko Takaesu 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2008,74(1):91-93

Stem rot and wilt of Jew’s marrow (nalta jute, Corchorus olitorius) were found on Is. Okinawa, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan, in March 2000. An anamorphic fungus, Lasiodiplodia theobromae was isolated repeatedly from the diseased plants and demonstrated to cause the disease. We coined the Japanese name “kurogare-byô” of Jew’s marrow for the present disease because it was new to Japan, although it had already been reported in India and Bangladesh as black band of the plant.  相似文献   

Genetically structured population and demographic history of the goldlined spinefoot <Emphasis Type="Italic">Siganus guttatus</Emphasis> in the northwestern Pacific     

Kensuke Iwamoto  Chih-Wei Chang  Akihiro Takemura  Hideyuki Imai 《Fisheries Science》2012,78(2):249-257

Sequence variation of the mitochondrial DNA was analyzed to examine the genetic structure and demographic history of the goldlined spinefoot Siganus guttatus in the northwestern Pacific. In total, 451 nucleotide sequences spanning from the tRNA^Thr gene to the middle of the control region were determined from 254 specimens collected from five localities; three in the Ryukyu Islands (Okinawa, Miyako, and Ishigaki Islands), Taiwan, and Cebu Island of the Philippines; 73 variable sites and 75 haplotypes were detected. Our results showed restricted gene flow and genetic differentiation among all populations, with the exception of genetic homogeneity between the Miyako and Ishigaki populations; that is, this species will be able to cross between Miyako and Ishigaki (ca. 120 km) by the transport of pelagic larvae, and gene flow between Okinawa and Miyako/Ishigaki Islands (ca. 330–450 km) is restricted. A non-dispersal strategy will lead to restricted gene flow and genetic structuring in S. guttatus. Both the neutrality tests and the mismatch distribution indicated that S. guttatus might have been in populations at demographic equilibrium. This suggests that population range expansion may have been restricted owing to a non-dispersal strategy that may have restrained S. guttatus from demographic expansion after glaciation. The result will be of fundamental importance for resource management of this species.  相似文献