Place Marketing,Place Branding,and Social Media: Perspectives of Municipal Practitioners          下载免费PDF全文

Evan Cleave  Godwin Arku  Richard Sadler  Emmanuel Kyeremeh 《Growth and change》2017,48(4):1012-1033

The purpose of this paper is to examine how social media is used as a promotional tool for economic development at the municipal level through place marketing and branding, to identify and explore what specific tools are being used, and to discuss the strengths and limitations of use. Primary data was collected through in‐depth interviews with 16 municipal economic development practitioners in the Province of Ontario, Canada. Additional data collected from municipal social media accounts was used to further reinforce the qualitative data and allow for triangulation and greater breadth of analysis. The findings suggest that social media is being used as a tool to promote local services and political information rather than communicate a brand position. Additionally, limited interaction with the audience reduces not only the effectiveness of place marketing efforts but also enhancement of place brands. While some findings are place specific (as study design limited research participants to municipalities in Ontario), these findings can be shared with other locales in advanced economies to provide them with information to make improvements in the way communication technology is utilised. This research paper provides a better understanding of how social media is being used by municipalities and how it fits into place marketing and place branding.  相似文献   

Vegetation development over four years on two green roofs in the UK     

Adam J. Bates  Jon P. Sadler  Rae Mackay 《Urban Forestry & Urban Greening》2013,12(1):98-108

Carefully designed green roofs have the potential to be used as mitigation for habitats lost at ground level. The development of plant assemblages on two green roofs designed to emulate diverse brownfield habitats (brown roofs), by using recycled demolition aggregate as part of a low-fertility growth substrate, were studied over the first four years of their development. The cover-abundance of flowering plants and habitat structural components (e.g. bare ground, moss) were measured on the Domin-Krajina scale within all identified microhabitats. Drought disturbance was one of the main controlling factors on assemblage development. Annual plants were abundant and successful in the first growth season, and thereafter only re-appeared in any numbers following drought disturbances in subsequent years. Moss and Sedum acre L. increased through the study period until these plants dominated coverage. The cover-abundance of perennial wildflower species was strongly influenced by drought disturbance. The influence of drought disturbance varied between different brown roof microhabitats, with plant assemblages in coarser and less fertile microhabitats more resistant to these disturbances. Observed responses to drought were consistent with the following two hypotheses: (i) Areas of coarse substrate can act as disturbance refugia for plants during drought by helping preserve pockets of water under large clasts and within absorbent materials such as brick. (ii) The plant assemblages living in areas of more fertile substrates, which grow more luxuriantly when water availability is high, are more vulnerable to drought disturbance. Green roofs should be designed to include a range of substrate types to create several microhabitats that will collectively support more species than any single microhabitat.  相似文献   

Neutron scattering of solution-grown polymer crystals: molecular dimensions are insensitive to molecular weight     

Sadler DM  Keller A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1979,203(4377):263-265

Neutron scattering gives information on molecular conformations in solid solutions of polymers of one isotope in another. Results on crystals of polyethylene grown from solution show a molecular dimension (in the form of a radius of gyration) that is almost invariant with the length of the chain. It is proposed that certain lengths of folded chains fold back onto themselves to form stacks of chain-folded ribbons ("superfolding").  相似文献   

Structural biology. A ménage à trois in two configurations     

Sadler JE 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,301(5630):177-179

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Transplant donation procedures     

Stevenson RE  Sadler AM  Sadler BL 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1970,168(3931):613-615

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Pyrethroid residues in sediment and water samples from mesocosm and farm pond studies of simulated accidental aquatic exposure     

Stephen T. Hadfield  Jill K. Sadler  Elek Bolygo  Sarah Hill  Ian R. Hill 《Pest management science》1993,38(4):283-294

This paper describes the residue analysis of water and hydrosoil samples taken from two separate large-scale aquatic ecotoxicology trials designed to assess the environmental fate and effects of the pyrethroids lambda-cyhalothrin and cypermethrin. Comparison of the results demonstrates the high degree of reproducibility of the chemical residue found the day after treatment using experimental mesocosms (lambda-cyhalothrin) as opposed to an in-use farm pond (cypermethrin). Both studies showed that pyrethroid residues were rapidly lost from the water column: residues of lambda-cyhalothrin were less than 2 ng litre^?1 following the final application of a cumulative seasonal exposure equivalent to twelve ?drift’? and six ?run-off’? events, each delivering a dose equivalent to that expected from a typical event under field conditions. Hydrosoil appeared to act as a sink for pyrethroid residues and, under the stringent test conditions of the mesocosm study, lambda-cyhalothrin residues reached 3.2 μg kg^?1 following the seasonal exposure described above. The cypermethrin farm-pond study illustrated the localised pattern of exposure expected under natural field conditions, with site topography and cultivation practices which represent an average ?worst case’?. Residues in hydrosoil reached a maximum level of approximately 25 μg kg^?1 in one sampling zone at one interval, and thereafter declined to a level of < 9 μg kg^?1 within four months.  相似文献   

Development and validation of residue methods for the determination of the pyrethroids lambda-cyhalothrin and cypermethrin in natural waters     

Stephen T. Hadfield  Jill K. Sadler  Elek Bolygo  Ian R. Hill 《Pest management science》1992,34(3):207-213

This paper describes the development of methods suitable for the sampling and analysis of the pyrethroid insecticides lambda-cyhalothrin and cypermethrin in natural waters. A solid-phase water-sampling method which avoids the requirement for transport and storage of large volumes of water is described. This method is shown to be capable of extracting trace levels (ng litre^?-1) of the title compounds from natural waters with efficiencies of at least 80%. Chromatographic analysis of processed samples by gas chromatography–electron capture detection enables determination of residues at levels of 1–2 ng litre^?-1 in water.  相似文献   

Long-term impact of a precision agriculture system on grain crop production     

M.?A.?YostEmail author  N.?R.?Kitchen  K.?A.?Sudduth  E.?J.?Sadler  S.?T.?Drummond  M.?R.?Volkmann 《Precision Agriculture》2017,18(5):823-842

Research is lacking on the long-term impacts of field-scale precision agriculture practices on grain production. Following more than a decade (1993–2003) of yield and soil mapping and water quality assessment, a multi-faceted, ‘precision agriculture system’ (PAS) was implemented from 2004 to 2014 on a 36-ha field in central Missouri. The PAS targeted management practices that address crop production and environmental issues. It included no-till, cover crops, growing winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) instead of corn (Zea mays L.) for field areas where corn was not profitable, site-specific N for wheat and corn using canopy reflectance sensing, variable-rate P, K and lime using intensively grid-sampled data, and targeting of herbicides based on weed pressure. The PAS assessment was accomplished by comparing it to the previous decade of conventional, whole-field corn-soybean (Glycine max L.) mulch-tillage management. In the northern part of the field and compared to pre-PAS corn, relative grain yield of wheat in PAS was greatly improved and temporal yield variation was reduced on shallow topsoil, but relative grain yield was reduced on deep soil in the drainage channel. In the southern part of the field where corn remained in production, PAS did not lead to increased yield, but temporal yield variation was reduced. Across the whole field, soybean yield and temporal yield variation were only marginally influenced by PAS. Spatial yield variation of all three crops was not altered by PAS. Therefore, the greatest production advantage of a decade of precision agriculture was reduced temporal yield variation, which leads to greater yield stability and resilience to changing climate.  相似文献   

A long-term precision agriculture system sustains grain profitability     

Yost  M. A.  Kitchen  N. R.  Sudduth  K. A.  Massey  R. E.  Sadler  E. J.  Drummond  S. T.  Volkmann  M. R. 《Precision Agriculture》2019,20(6):1177-1198

Precision Agriculture - After two decades of availability of grain yield-mapping technology, long-term trends in field-scale profitability for precision agriculture (PA) systems and conservation...  相似文献   

Herpesviral haematopoietic necrosis virus (CyHV-2) infection: case studies from commercial goldfish farms     

A E Goodwin  J Sadler  G E Merry  E N Marecaux 《Journal of fish diseases》2009,32(3):271-278

Herpesviral haematopoietic necrosis is a disease of goldfish, Carassius auratus , caused by Cyprinid herpesvirus-2 (CyHV-2) infection. Quantitative PCR was carried out on tissue homogenates from healthy goldfish fingerlings, broodfish, eggs and fry directly sampled from commercial farms, from moribund fish submitted to our laboratory for disease diagnosis, and on naturally-infected CyHV-2 carriers subjected to experimental stress treatments. Healthy fish from 14 of 18 farms were positive with copy numbers ranging from tens to 10⁷ copies μg⁻¹ DNA extracted from infected fish. Of 118 pools of broodfish tested, 42 were positive. The CyHV-2 was detected in one lot of fry produced from disinfected eggs. Testing of moribund goldfish, in which we could not detect any other pathogens, produced 12 of 30 cases with 10⁶–10⁸ copies of CyHV-2 μg⁻¹ DNA extracted. Subjecting healthy CyHV-2 carriers to cold shock (22–10 °C) but not heat, ammonia or high pH, increased viral copy numbers from mean copy number (±SE) of 7.3 ± 11 to 394 ± 55 μg⁻¹ DNA extracted after 24 h. CyHV-2 is widespread on commercial goldfish farms and outbreaks apparently occur when healthy carriers are subjected to a sharp temperature drop followed by holding at the permissive temperature for the disease.  相似文献