Monitoring the circadian rhythm of serum and salivary cortisol concentrations in the horse     

Zs. Bohák  F. Szabó  J.-F. Beckers  N. Melo de Sousa  O. Kutasi  K. Nagy  O. Szenci 《Domestic animal endocrinology》2013

Daily fluctuations of cortisol concentration in the blood or saliva have been repeatedly reported. However, several contradictions in the existing literature appear on this subject. The present study was performed to definitively establish options for testing adrenocortical function. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate parallel circadian rhythms in salivary and serum cortisol concentrations during a 24-h period. Twenty horses were examined under the same conditions. Blood and saliva samples were taken every 2 h for 24 h to determine the daily changes in cortisol concentrations of saliva and serum at rest and to determine the relationship between salivary and serum cortisol levels. Cosinor analysis of group mean data confirmed a significant circadian component for both serum and salivary cortisol concentrations (P < 0.001 in both cases). The serum cortisol circadian rhythm had an acrophase at 10:50 AM (95% CI, 10:00 AM–11:40 AM), a MESOR of 22.67 ng/mL, and an amplitude of 11.93 ng/mL. The salivary cortisol circadian rhythm had an acrophase at 10:00 AM (95% CI, 9:00 AM–11:00 AM), a MESOR of 0.52 ng/mL, and an amplitude of 0.12 ng/mL. We found a significant but weak association between salivary and serum cortisol concentrations; the Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.32 (P < 0.001). The use of salivary cortisol level as an indicator of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity may be warranted. However, the salivary cortisol levels are more likely to be correlated with free plasma cortisol than with the total plasma cortisol concentration.  相似文献   

Predictive Factors of Sensitivity to Elisidepsin,a Novel Kahalalide F-Derived Marine Compound     

Maria Serova  Armand de Gramont  Ivan Bieche  Maria Eugenia Riveiro  Carlos Maria Galmarini  Miguel Aracil  José Jimeno  Sandrine Faivre  Eric Raymond 《Marine drugs》2013,11(3):944-959

Elisidepsin (PM02734, Irvalec^®) is a synthetic marine-derived cyclic peptide of the Kahalalide F family currently in phase II clinical development. Elisidepsin was shown to induce rapid oncosis in ErbB3-expressing cells. Other predictive factors of elisidepsin sensitivity remained unknown. A panel of 23 cancer cell lines of different origin was assessed for elisidepsin cytotoxicity and correlated with mutational state, mRNA and protein expression of selected genes. Elisidepsin showed potent and broad cytotoxic effects in our cancer cell line panel, being active at concentrations ranging from 0.4 to 2 μM that may be relevant for clinical settings. We have shown that elisidepsin is more active in cells harboring epithelial phenotype with high E-cadherin and low vimentin expression. In addition, high ErbB3 and Muc1 expression was correlated with sensitivity to elisidepsin, whereas the presence of KRAS activating mutations was associated with resistance. In DU-PM cells with acquired resistance to elisidepsin, ErbB3 expression was decreased, while Bcl2 was increased. DU-PM cells displayed higher sensitivity to ErbB1-inhibitors suggesting possible cross-talk of ErbB1 and ErbB3 signaling pathways. Combinations of elisidepsin with lapatinib and several chemotherapies including 5-FU and oxaliplatin resulted in synergistic effects that offer the potential of clinical use of elisidepsin in combination settings.  相似文献   

Effect of beer/red wine marinades on the formation of heterocyclic aromatic amines in pan-fried beef     

Melo A  Viegas O  Petisca C  Pinho O  Ferreira IM 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(22):10625-10632

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Relationships between soil fauna communities and humus forms: Response to forest dynamics and solar radiation     

Sandrine Salmon  Nadia Artuso  Lorenzo Frizzera  Roberto Zampedri 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2008,40(7):1707-1715

This study investigated the responses of soil animal communities, soil functioning and humus forms to forest dynamics and solar radiation. We examined changes in invertebrate communities and soil features in two subalpine spruce forests (Eastern Italian Alps, Trento) growing on a calcareous bedrock, with different sun exposures (north and south), each forming a chronosequence of three developmental phases: clearing, regeneration stand (25-year-old trees) and mature stand (170-year-old trees). Our results indicate that the two forest sites differed in solar energy input, soil chemical properties and the relationships between forest dynamics and animal communities. In the north-facing site, soil fauna communities were very similar in the three forest developmental phases. Conversely, in the south-facing site, the composition of invertebrate communities and the diversity of zoological groups varied greatly among developmental phases. The highest abundance of total invertebrates, and mites in particular, occurred in the south-facing mature stands while the south-facing regeneration stand was characterised by higher densities of Collembola, Chilopoda, Symphyla, Protura and Aranea. The structure of communities in clearings was the same as in regeneration stands but with lower invertebrate abundance. Humus forms and soil features changed with developmental phases in both the south- and north-facing sites, although variations were more pronounced in the southern exposure. Mature stands were characterised by high levels of soil organic carbon and nitrogen, C/N values and low pH, the clearings and regeneration stands being characterised by a greater release of mineral nitrogen. The diversity of zoological groups (Shannon–Wiener index) was linearly correlated to soil pH, Humus Index, the amount of organic carbon and the species richness of herbaceous plants. Our results about the composition and the diversity of invertebrate communities are consistent with the observations of other authors studying south-exposed forests growing on different bedrock types, indicating that such relationships are widespread. The higher densities of invertebrates in the south-facing site may be attributed to higher solar radiation, and the positive correlation observed between total soil fauna abundance and solar energy supports the “more individuals” hypothesis that assumes a positive relationship between the number of individuals and energy availability. Possible ways by which forest dynamics control soil invertebrate communities are discussed.  相似文献   

Comparison of bronchoalveolar lavage cytospins and smears in dogs and cats     

Dehard S  Bernaerts F  Peeters D  Detilleux J  McEntee K  Day MJ  Clercx C 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》2008,44(6):285-294

Differences in the cytological interpretation of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) after cytospin preparation (CP) or manual smearing of pelleted cells preparation (MSP) were investigated in client-owned dogs and cats with inflammatory or infectious lower respiratory disease. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from healthy cats was also examined. With MSP, cell lysis was more frequently observed, and cellular distribution was more heterogeneous throughout the slide. When samples from healthy and diseased animals were considered together, a significantly greater percentage of neutrophils was seen on CP than on MSP slides (P<0.002). Cytospin preparations were considered of better quality in all individual comparisons. Cytospin preparation is advised in the evaluation of BALF with low total cell count. When only MSPs are evaluated, clinicians should be aware that differential neutrophil counts may underestimate the counts found on CP slides.  相似文献   

Supplementation of L‐glycine and L‐glutamate to Japanese quails from 01 to 36 days of age using the ideal protein concept     

Danilo V. G. Vieira  Jos H. V. Silva  Fernando G. P. Costa  Thiago S. Melo  Matheus R. Lima  Danilo T. Cavalcante  Jos G. de Vargas Júnior  Talita P. Bonaparte  Lorena C. Oliveira 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2019,103(1):116-124

Experiment I: T_1‐1 = basal diet with 25% crude protein (CP) + limiting amino acids (LA); T_1‐2 = 20% CP + LA; T_1‐3 = 20% CP + LA + L‐glycine; T_1‐4 = 20% CP + LA + L‐glutamate; T_1‐5 = 20% CP + LA + L‐glycine + L‐glutamate. Experiment II: T_2‐1 = basal diet with 22% CP + LA; T_2‐2 = 20% CP + LA; T_2‐3 = 17.6% CP + LA + L‐glycine; T_2‐4 = 17.6% CP + LA + L‐glutamate; T_2‐5 = 17.6% CP + LA + L‐glycine + L‐glutamate. The reduction of dietary protein based on the concept of ideal protein decreases nitrogen excretion in quails when L‐glycine is added to the diets. Quails fed diets supplemented with L‐glutamate as the non‐specific nitrogen source equivalent to the nitrogen level of the control diet had increased nitrogen excretion. However, quails had reduced nitrogen excretion in both experiments when L‐glycine was added to diets with L‐glutamate. Carcass fat was increased by reducing dietary protein, but fat deposition was reduced by adding L‐glutamate and L‐glycine, or both. The dietary addition of L‐glutamate and L‐glycine in quails based on the ideal protein concept is not necessary (Exp. I). Although the total nitrogen, electrolytic balance and glycine level were adjusted in diets, quails had decreased performance. Therefore, other hypotheses besides protein reduction need to be studied (Exp. II). Protein reduction with supplementation of only limiting essential amino acids does not affect quail performance. Dietary addition of L‐glycine reduces nitrogen excretion.  相似文献   

A novel strategy for resynchronization of ovulation in Nelore cows using injectable progesterone (P4) and P4 releasing devices to perform two timed inseminations within 22 days     

Guilherme Pugliesi  Danilo Zago Bisinotto  Barbara Piffero Mello  Fbio C. Lahr  Catia A. Ferreira  Gabriela Dalmaso Melo  Michele Ricieri Bastos  Ed Hoffmann Madureira 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2019,54(8):1149-1154

We aimed to evaluate the reproductive performance of Nelore lactating cows submitted to a resynchronization 12 days after timed artificial insemination (TAI) with or without a long‐acting progesterone (P4‐LA) treatment. Nelore cows were submitted to a P4/oestradiol‐based TAI protocol (D0 = insemination). On D12, cows in the control group (n = 184) received a new P4 intravaginal device (0.96 g), whereas cows in the P4‐LA group (n = 192) received the P4 device and 75 mg P4‐LA. Cows identified as non‐pregnant (n = 120) by regression of corpus luteum using colour Doppler ultrasonography on D20 had the P4 device removed and received 500ug of sodium cloprostenol, 1 mg of oestradiol cypionate and 300 IU of eCG and were re‐inseminated on D22. There was no difference (p > 0.10) in the pregnancy rate at D20, D30 and D60 after first TAI between the control (69%, 59.7% and 57%, respectively) and P4‐LA (67%, 55.7%, and 55.2%, respectively) groups. Pregnancy losses were similar between both groups (p > 0.1). For cows submitted to the second TAI, the pre‐ovulatory follicle size did not differ (p > 0.1), but the oestrous detection and pregnancy rates were greater (p < 0.05) in the P4‐LA group (92.2% [59/64] and 60.9% [39/64], respectively) than in controls (75% [42/56] and 44.6% [25/56]). The cumulative pregnancy rate after two TAIs did not differ (p > 0.1) between control (73.3% [135/184]) and P4‐LA (76% [146/192]) groups. The use of P4‐LA at 12 days after TAI potentially increases the pregnancy rates for a new early resynchronization strategy associated with the Doppler imaging for pregnancy diagnosis and results in an alternative to perform two TAIs in 22 days in beef cows.  相似文献   

Behavioral and physiological evaluation of sows raised in outdoors systems in the Brazilian semiarid region     

de Melo  Rafaela Leitão Correia  Dutra Júnior  Wilson Moreira  Palhares  Liliane Olímpio  de Moura Ferreira  Débora Nathália  de Aquino  Rafael Santos  Cordeiro Manso  Helena Emília Cavalcanti 《Tropical animal health and production》2019,51(5):1057-1063

Tropical Animal Health and Production - The objective of this study was to evaluate the biochemical, behavioral, and physiological parameters in pregnant sows of native and improved crossbreeds...  相似文献   

Responses to light in a soil-dwelling springtail     

Sandrine Salmon  Jean-François Ponge 《European Journal of Soil Biology》1998,34(4):199

It has been widely assumed that Collembola respond to light, but until now there has been very little experimental proof of this. Field observations allowed to distinguish soil-dwelling species that would escape from light from surface-dwelling species that would be attracted to light. However, the supposed effect of light could be due to other factors such as temperature or dryness. We demonstrated that individuals of the collembolan species Heteromurus nitidus (Entomobryidae), when placed in a light gradient (temperature and moisture being homogeneous), clustered in the darker area. This effect occurred rapidly and changes in the distribution of animals persisted after illumination ceased. This shows light to act as a strong repellent for this soil-dwelling collembolan species.  相似文献   

Effect of Geogenic Lead on Fungal and Collembolan Communities in Garden Topsoil     

Sophie JOIMEL  Herv&#; CAPIAUX  Christophe SCHWARTZ  Micka&#;l HEDDE  Thierry LEBEAU  C&#;cile LE GUERN  Johanne NAHMANI  C&#;line PERNIN  Sandrine SALMON  Lucia SANTORUFO  B&#;atrice B&#;CHET  J&#;r&#;me CORTET 《土壤圈》2018,28(2):215-226

Geogenic lead (Pb) is considered to be less bioavailable than anthropogenic Pb and exerts less effect on the soil fauna. However, Pb contamination in vegetables has been reported in the case of geogenic anomalies, even at moderate concentrations (around 170 mg kg^–1). In this study, we investigated collembolan communities using both taxonomic- and trait-based approaches and observed fungal communities to assess the effects of a moderate geogenic Pb anomaly on collembolans and fungi in an urban vegetable garden soil. Results indicated that geogenic Pb indeed modified fungi communities and altered the functional structure of collembolan communities in garden soils. Although geogenic Pb presented low bioavailability, it affected soil fauna and vegetables similar to anthropogenic Pb.  相似文献