Ultrasound as a Mechanical Method for Male Dog Contraception     

R Leoci  G Aiudi  A De Sandro Salvati  F Silvestre  F Binetti  GM Lacalandra 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2009,44(S2):326-328

Therapeutic ultrasound (1.5 W/cm²) was investigated for its effect upon testicular size and consistency and semen quality in five dogs. Dogs were treated every other day with a total of three treatments and were examined up to 2 weeks after treatment. There was some tenderness after treatment and a significant decrease in testicular size and semen quality. This method may provide a suitable contraception technique in dogs and requires further investigation.  相似文献   

Chemical characterization and DNA tracking of Sardinian botargo by Mugil cephalus from different geographical origins     

Barra A  Garau VL  Dessi S  Sarais G  Cereti E  Arlorio M  Coisson JD  Cabras P 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(22):10847-10852

The chemical composition of the Sardinian botargo by Mugil cephalus from different geographical origins was investigated. Fat ( approximately 20%), proteins ( approximately 50%), moisture ( approximately 22%), and salt ( approximately 7%) were measured in ground (G) and whole (W) commercial products. Among the nutritional compounds, omega-3 fatty acids were approximately 8%, squalene was approximately 15 mg/100 g, vitamin E was approximately 8.5 mg/kg, and cholesterol was approximately 300 mg/100 g, on average in both products. Antioxidant properties, assessed by the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) test and expressed as Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), showed quite good activity in extracted oil (0.8-1.1 mmol of Tolox/L). Major constituents in the samples varied noticeably, but only few statistical differences were evidenced between G or W products or between samples from different origins. Principal component analysis (PCA) of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and proteins, coupled with both, did not differentiate samples from different origins. On the basis of our results, chemical and molecular data exclude the differentiation of samples from diverse origins.  相似文献   

Water Remediation by Columns Filled with Micelle–Vermiculite Systems     

Sandro Froehner  William Furukawa  Marcell Maceno  Erissen Cardoso da Luz 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2009,196(1-4):161-168

Photodegradation of four pharmaceuticals (i.e. carbamazepine, ibuprofen, ketoprofen and 17α-ethinylestradiol) in aqueous media was studied using a solar light simulator (Xe lamp irradiation) and sunlight experiments. These experiments were carried out in river and seawater and compared to distilled water. The latter was used to evaluate the direct photodegradation pathways. Irradiation time was up to 400 min and 24 days for the solar light simulator and sunlight assays, respectively. Pharmaceutical photodegradation followed a first-order kinetics and their half-lives calculated in every aqueous matrix. Moreover, the sensitizing effect of DOC was evaluated by comparison with the kinetics obtained in distilled waters. Ketoprofen was rapidly transformed via direct photolysis in all the waters under both sunlight (t _1/2?=?2.4 min) and simulated solar light simulator test (t _1/2?=?0.54 min). Under xenon lamp radiation, ibuprofen and 17α-ethinylestradiol were photodegraded at moderate rate with half-lives from 1 to 5 h. Finally, carbamazepine had the lowest photodegradation rate (t _1/2?=?8–39 h) attributable to indirect photodegradation. Indeed, its elimination was strongly dependent on the DOC concentration present in solution. Finally, several ketoprofen photoproducts were identified and plotted against solar light simulator irradiation time. Accordingly, the photodegradation pathway of ketoprofen was postulated.  相似文献   

Characterization of the inflammatory infiltrate and cytokine expression in the skin of horses with recurrent urticaria     

Sandro Hinden  Jolanta Klukowska‐Rötzler  Jozef Janda  Eliane I. Marti  Vinzenz Gerber  Petra J. Roosje 《Veterinary dermatology》2012,23(6):503-e99

Background – Recurrent urticaria (RU) is a common skin disease of horses, but little is known about its pathogenesis. Hypothesis/Objective – The aim of this study was to characterize the inflammatory cell infiltrate and cytokine expression pattern in the skin of horses with RU. Animals – Biopsies of lesional and nonlesional skin of horses with RU (n = 8) and of skin from healthy control horses (n = 8) were evaluated. Methods – The inflammatory cell infiltrate was analysed by routine histology. Immunohistochemistry was used to identify T cells (CD3), B cells (CD79), macrophages (MAC387) and mast cells (tryptase). Expression of T‐helper 2 cytokines (interleukins IL‐4, IL‐5 and IL‐13), a T‐helper 1 cytokine (interferon‐γ), IL‐4 receptor α and thymic stromal lymphopoietin was assessed by quantitative RT‐PCR. Results – In subepidermal lesional skin of RU‐affected horses, increased numbers of eosinophils (P ≤ 0.01), CD79‐positive (P ≤ 0.01), MAC387‐positive (P ≤ 0.01) and tryptase‐positive cells (P ≤ 0.05) were found compared with healthy horses. Subepidermal lesional skin of RU‐affected horses contained more eosinophils (P ≤ 0.05) and tryptase‐positive cells (P ≤ 0.05) compared with nonlesional skin. There was no significant difference in infiltrating cells between nonlesional skin and skin of healthy horses. Expression of IL‐4 (P ≤ 0.01), IL‐13 (P ≤ 0.05), thymic stromal lymphopoietin (P ≤ 0.05) and IL‐4 receptor α (P ≤ 0.05) was increased in lesional skin of RU‐affected horses compared with control horses. Expression of IL‐4 was higher (P ≤ 0.05) in lesional compared with nonlesional RU skin. Conclusions and clinical importance – Analysis of cytokine expression and inflammatory infiltrate suggests that T‐helper 2 cytokines, eosinophils, mast cells and presumptive macrophages play a role in the pathogenesis of equine RU.  相似文献   

Detection of Bartonella bovis in a cattle herd in Italy     

Martini M  Menandro ML  Mondin A  Pasotto D  Mazzariol S  Lauzi S  Stelletta C 《The Veterinary record》2008,162(2):58-59

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Sporotrichosis: the main differential diagnosis with tegumentary leishmaniosis in dogs from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil     

dos Santos IB  Schubach TM  Leme LR  Okamoto T  Figueiredo FB  Pereira SA  Quintella LP  de F Madeira M  dos S Coelho F  Reis R  de O Schubach A 《Veterinary parasitology》2007,143(1):1-6

Seventy-four dogs from the State of Rio de Janeiro with ulcerated cutaneous lesions were submitted to clinical, dermatological, parasitological, mycological, histopathological and cytopathological exams, a leishmanin skin test, an indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) test for leishmaniosis, and nonspecific laboratory tests such as blood count and serum biochemistry. Sporothrix schenckii was isolated from 41 dogs and Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis was isolated from 33 animals. Most dogs with sporotrichosis were from the municipality of Rio de Janeiro (53.7%) and presented ulcerated cutaneous lesions on the head (68.3%). Laboratory alterations in these animals included anemia (58.5%), hypoalbuminemia (83%) and hyperglobulinemia (75.6%). Histopathology revealed the predominance of a chronic granulomatous inflammatory infiltrate (70.7%), and yeast-like structures were detected in 17% of the histopathological exams and in 32% of the cytological exams. Three of 41 dogs with sporotrichosis were seropositive by IIF for leishmaniosis and 2 of 20 animals tested within this group had a positive leishmanin skin test. Similarly, most of the 33 dogs with leishmaniosis were from the municipality of Rio de Janeiro (69.7%) and had ulcerated cutaneous lesions on the head (84.8%). Laboratory alterations in these animals included anemia (66.7%), hypoalbuminemia (100%) and hyperglobulinemia (91%). Histopathology showed the predominance of a chronic granulomatous inflammatory infiltrate (63.6%) and amastigote forms were detected in 30.3% of the histopathological exams and in 31.8% of the 22 cytological exams performed. About 72.7% of the dogs were seropositive by IIF and five of seven animals had a positive skin test. Due to the clinical similarities, histopathological and nonspecific laboratory results similarities, the serological and skin tests for leishmaniosis positive in dogs with sporotrichosis, and the overlapping endemic areas in Rio de Janeiro, the differential diagnosis between the two diseases requires the demonstration of their respective etiological agents.  相似文献   

A selective and low impacting traditional fishery,sustaining the economy of small coastal villages in central Mediterranean: Keep or replace the small‐scale driftnets?     

Paolo Sartor  Pierluigi Carbonara  Sandro Cerasi  Giuseppe Lembo  Maria Teresa Facchini  Alessandro Lucchetti  Rosaria Felicita Sabatella  Claudia Musumeci  Walter Zupa  Maria Teresa Spedicato 《Fisheries Management and Ecology》2019,26(6):661-673

Small‐scale driftnets (SSDs) have been historically used in the Mediterranean without major environmental concern. The introduction of large‐scale driftnets caused unwanted catches of protected species. Specific regulations were therefore issued in European waters, culminating in a proposed moratorium on SSDs. This study aimed to characterise the SSD fishery targeting anchovy (menaide), evaluating its environmental sustainability, economic performance and social relevance. In 2013, a survey by interviews, logbooks and observers on board assessed the order of magnitude of this fishery in terms of fishing capacity and activity, volume of landings and revenues. The menaide fleet consisted in 60 vessels <12 m overall length, moored in little harbours in southern Italy. These nets are highly selective: the target species, European anchovy, Engraulis encrasicholus (L.) and sardine, Sardina pilchardus (Walbaum), dominates the catches, while discards are negligible. The anchovies caught are of high quality and large size; the high prices support fish processing by local factories. Moreover, the results of a SWOT analysis demonstrated that replacing SSDs with a semi‐industrial fishery, like purse seining, would increase impacts on the ecosystem, and a loss of socio‐economic opportunities for several coastal villages. These findings support the option of keeping SSDs operating, in the framework of specifically oriented management measures.  相似文献   

Antimicrobial activity of Tunisian quince (Cydonia oblonga Miller) pulp and peel polyphenolic extracts     

Fattouch S  Caboni P  Coroneo V  Tuberoso CI  Angioni A  Dessi S  Marzouki N  Cabras P 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(3):963-969

Quince (Cydonia oblonga Miller) fruit aqueous acetone extracts were evaluated. High-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection and electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry were used for the identification and quantification of the phenolic compounds. The total phenolic content of the pulp and peel parts ranged from 37 to 47 and 105 to 157 mg/100 g of fresh weight, respectively. Chlorogenic acid (5-O-caffeoylquinic acid) was the most abundant phenolic compound in the pulp (37%), whereas rutin (quercetin 3-O-rutinoside) was the main one in the peel (36%). The radical scavenging potential of the extracts was determined and compared with that of synthetic antioxidants. The stronger properties corresponded to those obtained from peel material with a 70-80% inhibitory effect on DPPH radicals. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts against different microorganism strains was also investigated. Quince peel extract was the most active for inhibiting bacteria growth with minimum inhibitory and bactericide concentrations in the range of 102-5 x 103 microg polyphenol/mL. It seems that chlorogenic acid acts in synergism with other components of the extracts to exhibit their total antimicrobial activities.  相似文献   

In situ roots decompose faster than shoots left on the soil surface under subtropical no-till conditions     

Majid Mahmood Tahir  Sylvie Recous  Celso Aita  Raquel Schmatz  Getúlio Elias Pilecco  Sandro José Giacomini 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2016,52(6):853-865

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Laboratory and field survival of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Bt and non‐Bt maize and its susceptibility to insecticides     

Dionei S Muraro  Cinthia G Garlet  Daniela N Godoy  Gisele E Cossa  Gerson L dos S Rodrigues Junior  Regis F Stacke  Sandro LP Medeiros  Jerson VC Guedes  Oderlei Bernardi 《Pest management science》2019,75(8):2202-2210

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