Prediction of serum ionized calcium concentration by serum total calcium measurement in cats     

Schenck PA  Chew DJ 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2010,74(3):209-213

Feline serum samples (n = 434) were classified as hypercalcemic, normocalcemic, or hypocalcemic based on both total calcium (tCa) and ionized calcium (iCa) concentrations. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), positive diagnostic likelihood ratio (PDLR), and negative diagnostic likelihood ratio (NDLR) were calculated for prediction of hypercalcemia and hypocalcemia in all samples, in hypoalbuminemic cats, and in those with chronic renal failure (CRF) as compared with cats that had other conditions. Diagnostic discordance in prediction of iCa using tCa was 40%. Sensitivity of tCa in prediction of ionized hypercalcemia was low and specificity was high. The PDLR for prediction of ionized hypercalcemia or hypocalcemia was low in all cats, especially in those with CRF. Due to the high level of diagnostic discordance, tCa should not be used to predict iCa concentration. Concentration of iCa should be measured directly when accurate assessment of calcium status is needed.  相似文献   

Impact of effective microorganisms and other biofertilizers on soil microbial characteristics,organic‐matter decomposition,and plant growth     

Mario Schenck zu Schweinsberg‐Mickan  Torsten Müller 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2009,172(5):704-712

Incubation and pot experiments were conducted to investigate the impact of commercially distributed biofertilizers (effective microorganisms [EM], BIOSTIMULATOR, BACTOFIL‐A, and BACTOFIL‐B) on soil microbial‐biomass content and activity, net N mineralization in soil, and growth of Lolium perenne. According to the manufacturers, the products tested are based on microbial inoculants or organic growth stimulants, and are supposed to influence soil microbial properties and improve soil conditions, organic‐matter decomposition, and plant growth. In the incubation experiment (40 d, 20.6°C, 50% maximum water‐holding capacity), EM was repeatedly applied to soil together with different organic amendments (nonamended, chopped straw, and lupine seed meal). Under the experimental conditions of this study, no or only marginal effects of EM on organic C, total N, and mineral N in soil could be observed. In soil treatments without any organic amendment, EM suspension slightly enhanced microbial activity measured as soil CO₂ evolution. In soil with easily degradable plant residues (lupine seed meal), EM suspension had a suppressive effect on microbial biomass. However, comparisons with sterilized EM and molasses as the main additive in EM suspension showed that any effect of EM could be explained as a pure substrate effect without the influence of added living organisms. In the pot experiment with Lolium perenne (air‐conditioned greenhouse cabin, 87 d, 16.8°C, 130 klxh d^–1 light quantity), the products EM, BIOSTIMULATOR, BACTOFIL‐A, and BACTOFIL‐B were tested in soil with growing plants. The products were repeatedly applied for a period of 42 d. Within this study, no effects of the different biofertilizers on mineral N in soil were detectable. There were clear suppressive effects of all tested biofertilizers on microbial‐biomass content and activity. Comparisons with sterilized suspensions showed that the effects were not due to living microorganisms in the suspensions, but could be traced back to substrate‐induced processes.  相似文献   

Introduction and elimination of Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus in a commercial beef herd: a case study     

MB Allworth  R Long  AK Smith  EL Bergman  M Hernandez-Jover 《Australian veterinary journal》2020,98(12):596-601

Routine Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus (BVDV) monitoring of a commercial beef herd in southern New South Wales over a 10-year period provided an opportunity to assess the impact of the introduction of BVDV on that herd. BVDV antibody testing provided strong evidence that the herd was initially free of BVDV (2009–2011). Testing from 2012 suggested BVDV had been introduced into the herd and this was confirmed in 2015 with the identification of persistently infected (PI) animals. Having become established in the herd, the owners then set out to eliminate BVDV from the herd. Antigen testing aimed at identifying PI animals revealed BVDV was already absent from the herd. Subsequent antibody testing confirmed that the herd was now free from BVDV. Despite the incursion of BVDV in this herd, there was little measurable impact on reproductive performance (pregnancy rates), although suspected increased calf losses from birth to calf marking were reported. This is the first time such self-clearance has been documented as part of a longitudinal study under Australian conditions.  相似文献   

Changes in fatty acids composition during seed growth and physicochemical characteristics of oil extracted from four safflower cultivars     

Rahamatalla  A.B.  Babiker  E.E.  Krishna  A.G.  EL Tinay  A.H. 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2001,56(4):385-395

Fatty acid contents at different stages ofmaturity and physicochemical characteristics of oilextracted from mature seeds of four safflowercultivars (S208, S400, S541, and S303) were studied. Results indicated that for all cultivars bothsaturated and unsaturated fatty acid contentsfluctuated with seed growth and development. Palmiticacid content decreased up to day 20 after which itstarted to increase for the S400, S541, and S303cultivars, while for S208 it progressively decreased.Stearic acid fluctuated with seed growth anddevelopment. Oleic acid showed slight changes withseed growth and development, while linoleic aciddecreased with seed growth and development for theS400, S541, and S303 cultivars while for S208 afterday 30, it started to increase significantly. For allcultivars, glyceride contents varied among thecultivars with maximum values of 97.70, 2.80 and0.20 for tri-, di- and monoglycerides, respectively. Physicochemical investigation of mature seed oilsshowed that the color, density, refractive index, free fatty acids, peroxide value, saponificationvalue and unsaponifiable matter were similar for allcultivars while viscosity, iodine value, and acetoneinsoluble matter varied among the cultivars.  相似文献   

Effects of storage on serum ionized calcium and pH from horses with normal and abnormal ionized calcium concentrations     

Schenck PA  Chew DJ  Brooks CL 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》1996,25(4):118-120

It has been previously shown that Ca(I) concentration is stable in serum collected from healthy horses for 10 days if stored at 40 degrees C. This may not be true for horses with abnormal Ca(I) concentrations. Thus the stability of ionized calcium (Ca(I)) concentration and pH measurement in serum from horses with both normal and abnormal Ca(I) concentrations stored for various times at 40 degrees C and -10 degrees C was evaluated. Our results indicated that serum Ca(I) concentration was stable throughout 7 days of cold or frozen storage, after being received by the Clinical Chemistry Laboratory. Serum Ca(I) concentration showed a significant decrease by 14 days of frozen storage (-10 degrees C). Serum pH showed a statistically significant increase by 7 days of cold storage, and within 3 days of frozen storage. If equine serum is collected, handled and stored anaerobically, and kept cold or frozen, Ca(I) concentration can be accurately measured for approximately 7 days after collection, regardless of the health status of the animal. An accurate measurement of pH may be made within 3 days of cold or 1 day of frozen storage.  相似文献   

Effects of Growth Hormone on In Situ Culture of Bovine Preantral Follicles are Dose Dependent          下载免费PDF全文

CR Jimenez  JL de Azevedo  RG Silveira  J Penitente‐Filho  EL Carrascal‐Triana  AM Zolini  VR Araújo  CAA Torres 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2016,51(4):575-584

The objective of this study was to evaluate different concentrations of growth hormone (GH) on the development of bovine preantral follicles cultured included in the ovarian tissue (in situ) on the rates of morphologically normal, viable, primordial and developing follicles, as well as the oocyte and follicle diameter and ultrastructural analysis. Ovarian fragments collected from cows with no cross‐breeds defined were cultured in situ for 1 and 7 days in minimal essential medium (α‐MEM+) supplemented with different concentrations of recombinant human GH (0, 10, 25, 50 ng/ml). The ovarian fragments non‐cultured (control) and cultured were processed for classic histology, mechanical isolation and electron transmission microscopy (MET). The parameters underwent anova (Tukey′s and Dunnett′s tests) and chi‐square test (χ²). After 7 days of culture, the treatment with 50 ng/ml GH showed no differences with fresh control (p > 0.05) and had greater effectiveness than in the 0, 10 and 25 ng/ml GH concentrations of the morphologically normal follicles. Regarding the primordial follicles, a reduction was observed in the 50 ng/ml GH concentration concomitant with the significant increase in developing follicles, differing from both the fresh control and the other GH concentrations tested. In addition, 50 ng/ml GH showed a larger follicle and oocyte diameter when compared to the other treatments cultured. Similar structures were ultrastructurally observed in the control group, 50 ng/ml GH. Follicles cultured in 10 ng/ml GH showed nuclear invagination, vacuoles and lesioned basal membrane. Hence, it is concluded that 50 ng/ml GH is the most effective concentration for the development of preantral follicles cultured in situ.  相似文献   

Comparative efficacy of BioRelease Deslorelin® injection for induction of ovulation in oestrus mares: a field study          下载免费PDF全文

SA Finan  EL Lamkin  AO McKinnon 《Australian veterinary journal》2016,94(9):338-340

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Sexual reproduction of Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms in the Nile     

M. TAG EL  SEED M. OBEID 《Weed Research》1975,15(1):7-12

In a study of some of the factors that are believed to affect fruit-setting in Eichhornia crassipes under Sudan conditions, the average number of flowers per inflorescence was twelve (range 4–26) while the average number of capsules per inflorescence was 1·5 (range 0–16). The problem of low fruit-setting was suggested to be basically due to the ecological factor of high temperature and low relative humidity. The flowers were preponderantly meso-stylic with the long and short-stylic ‘races’ absent or very rare. Recherches stir la biologic d'Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms dans le Nil Dans une étude sur quelques-uns des facteurs que l'on suppose actifs sur la mise à fruits de l’Eichhornia crassipes. dans les conditions du Soudan le nombre moyen de fleurs par inflorescence fut de 12 (s'étendent de 4 à 26), cependant que le nombre moyen de capsules par inflorescence fut de 1,5 (s'étendant de 0 à 16). Le probléme de la faible mise à fruit suggere qu'elle pourrait etre due a des facteurs écologiques: température élevée et faible humidity relative. Les fleurs étaient en majorité meso-stylées, les races à long style ou à style court étaient absentes ou tres rares. Generative Vermehrung von Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms. im Nil In einer Untersuchung über einige Faktoren, von denen angenommen wird, dass sie die Fruchtbildung von Eichhornia crassipes unter sudanesischen Bedingungen beeinflussen, war die durchschnittliche Anzahl von Blüten, 12 Blüten pro Inflorescenz (4–26), wáhrend die durchschnittliche Anzahl von Kapseln nur 1.5 Kapseln pro Inflorescenz war (0–16), Das Problem der geringen Fruchtausbildung wurde folgenden okologischen Faktoren zugeschrieben; hohe Temperatur und niedrige Luftfeuchtigkeit. Bei den Blüten wurden überwiegend Stempel miltlerer Länge gefunden, während die ‘Rassen’ kurzer und langer Stempel nicht oder nur sehr selten anzutreficn waren.  相似文献   

Effect of sodium molybdate supplementation on high concentrations of Cu in liver of yearling bulls     

EL Cuttance  RA Laven  A Watts 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2018,66(4):194-198

AIM: To determine the impact of sodium molybdate treatment, given weekly, on concentrations of Cu in liver, activity of liver enzymes, and weight gain over 4 weeks, in yearling bulls with elevated concentrations of Cu in liver.

METHODS: The study was carried on two commercial grazing farms in the Otago region of New Zealand in yearling Friesian bulls (n=150 on Farm A and n=49 on Farm B) with mean concentration of Cu in liver >3,000 µmol/kg fresh weight. On Day 0, all animals were weighed and half were systematically allocated to treatment with sodium molybdate (3?mg/kg liveweight on Farm A and 7?mg/kg liveweight on Farm B); the remainder received no treatment (Control). Sodium molybdate was given as a drench weekly for 4 weeks and all animals were weighed again on Day 28. Ten animals on each farm (five from each treatment group) were systematically selected for blood sampling and liver biopsies on Days 0 and 28. Samples were analysed for concentrations of Cu in plasma, vitamin B₁₂ in serum, activities of γ–glutamyl transferase, aspartate aminotransferase and glutamate dehydrogenase in serum, and concentrations of Cu and vitamin B₁₂ in liver. Separate multivariable linear models were used to compare the change in outcome variables between Days 0 and 28 between bulls that had been drenched with sodium molybdate or not.

RESULTS: On Farm A, mean concentrations of Cu in liver on Day 28, as a percentage of concentrations on Day 0, for the control group was 55 (95% CI=40–73)% and for the treatment group was 73 (95% CI=43–111)%. On Farm B, the equivalent mean for the control group was 75 (95% CI=42–131)% and for the treatment group was 85 (95% CI=38–134)%. The multivariable linear models indicated that the changes in concentrations of Cu in liver, activities of liver enzymes and weight gain between Days 0 and 28 did not differ between the bulls treated or not with sodium molybdate (p>0.18).

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Treatment with sodium molybdate in one bolus at weekly intervals for 4 weeks did not affect concentrations of Cu in liver, activity of liver enzymes or weight gain in animals with high concentrations of Cu liver on two farms.  相似文献   

Messung elektrischer Widerstände im Kambialbereich gedüngter und ungedüngter Fichten     

R. F. Hüttl  K. Orlovius  B. v. Schenck 《European Journal of Forest Research》1990,109(1):190-199

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