Earthquake potential along the northern hayward fault, california   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Burgmann R  Schmidt D  Nadeau RM  d'Alessio M  Fielding E  Manaker D  McEvilly TV  Murray MH 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2000,289(5482):1178-1182

The Hayward fault slips in large earthquakes and by aseismic creep observed along its surface trace. Dislocation models of the surface deformation adjacent to the Hayward fault measured with the global positioning system and interferometric synthetic aperture radar favor creep at approximately 7 millimeters per year to the bottom of the seismogenic zone along a approximately 20-kilometer-long northern fault segment. Microearthquakes with the same waveform repeatedly occur at 4- to 10-kilometer depths and indicate deep creep at 5 to 7 millimeters per year. The difference between current creep rates and the long-term slip rate of approximately 10 millimeters per year can be reconciled in a mechanical model of a freely slipping northern Hayward fault adjacent to the locked 1868 earthquake rupture, which broke the southern 40 to 50 kilometers of the fault. The potential for a major independent earthquake of the northern Hayward fault might be less than previously thought.  相似文献   

国产农用喷雾器喷头性能参数测定与分析     

李秉礼  吴罗罗  阴景润  E.Moser  K.Schmidt 《中国农业大学学报》1989,(1):119-125

本文介绍了国产喷雾器喷头的几个主要性能参数与国外著名喷头公司产品的对比结果、并提出了改进我国喷头产品的若干建议。如:1.影响侧向进液式喷头喷量变异的因素。2.缝隙式扇雾喷头药液沉积横向分布中的牛角、对喷杆式喷雾器药液沉积分布均匀性有着极坏的影响。  相似文献   

A CHEMICAL DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PROTEIN-LINKED AND FREE NUCLEIC ACID     

Schmidt G 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1936,83(2140):15

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Physical mapping of a translocation breakpoint in neurofibromatosis   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

J W Fountain  M R Wallace  M A Bruce  B R Seizinger  A G Menon  J F Gusella  V V Michels  M A Schmidt  G W Dewald  F S Collins 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1989,244(4908):1085-1087

The gene for von Recklinghausen neurofibromatosis (NF1), one of the most common autosomal-dominant disorders of humans, was recently mapped to chromosome 17 by linkage analysis. The identification of two NF1 patients with balanced translocations that involved chromosome 17q11.2 suggests that the disease can arise by gross rearrangement of the NF1 locus, and that the NF1 gene might be identified by cloning the region around these translocation breakpoints. To further define the region of these translocations, a series of chromosome 17 Not I-linking clones has been mapped to proximal 17q and studied by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. One clone, 17L1 (D17S133), clearly identifies the breakpoint in an NF1 patient with a t(1;17) translocation. A 2.3-megabase pulsed-field map of this region was constructed and indicates that the NF1 breakpoint is only 10 to 240 kilobases away from 17L1. This finding prepares the way for the cloning of NF1.  相似文献   

Materials science. How nanowires grow     

Schmidt V  Gösele U 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,316(5825):698-699

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Pyroclastic activity at Home Plate in Gusev Crater, Mars     

Squyres SW  Aharonson O  Clark BC  Cohen BA  Crumpler L  de Souza PA  Farrand WH  Gellert R  Grant J  Grotzinger JP  Haldemann AF  Johnson JR  Klingelhöfer G  Lewis KW  Li R  McCoy T  McEwen AS  McSween HY  Ming DW  Moore JM  Morris RV  Parker TJ  Rice JW  Ruff S  Schmidt M  Schröder C  Soderblom LA  Yen A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,316(5825):738-742

Home Plate is a layered plateau in Gusev crater on Mars. It is composed of clastic rocks of moderately altered alkali basalt composition, enriched in some highly volatile elements. A coarsegrained lower unit lies under a finer-grained upper unit. Textural observations indicate that the lower strata were emplaced in an explosive event, and geochemical considerations favor an explosive volcanic origin over an impact origin. The lower unit likely represents accumulation of pyroclastic materials, whereas the upper unit may represent eolian reworking of the same pyroclastic materials.  相似文献   

Three-dimensional orientation mapping in the transmission electron microscope     

Liu HH  Schmidt S  Poulsen HF  Godfrey A  Liu ZQ  Sharon JA  Huang X 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,332(6031):833-834

Over the past decade, efforts have been made to develop nondestructive techniques for three-dimensional (3D) grain-orientation mapping in crystalline materials. 3D x-ray diffraction microscopy and differential-aperture x-ray microscopy can now be used to generate 3D orientation maps with a spatial resolution of 200 nanometers (nm). We describe here a nondestructive technique that enables 3D orientation mapping in the transmission electron microscope of mono- and multiphase nanocrystalline materials with a spatial resolution reaching 1 nm. We demonstrate the technique by an experimental study of a nanocrystalline aluminum sample and use simulations to validate the principles involved.  相似文献   

Trans-endocytosis of CD80 and CD86: a molecular basis for the cell-extrinsic function of CTLA-4   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Qureshi OS  Zheng Y  Nakamura K  Attridge K  Manzotti C  Schmidt EM  Baker J  Jeffery LE  Kaur S  Briggs Z  Hou TZ  Futter CE  Anderson G  Walker LS  Sansom DM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,332(6029):600-603

Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) is an essential negative regulator of T cell immune responses whose mechanism of action is the subject of debate. CTLA-4 shares two ligands (CD80 and CD86) with a stimulatory receptor, CD28. Here, we show that CTLA-4 can capture its ligands from opposing cells by a process of trans-endocytosis. After removal, these costimulatory ligands are degraded inside CTLA-4-expressing cells, resulting in impaired costimulation via CD28. Acquisition of CD86 from antigen-presenting cells is stimulated by T cell receptor engagement and observed in vitro and in vivo. These data reveal a mechanism of immune regulation in which CTLA-4 acts as an effector molecule to inhibit CD28 costimulation by the cell-extrinsic depletion of ligands, accounting for many of the known features of the CD28-CTLA-4 system.  相似文献   

Induction of AIDS-like disease in macaque monkeys with T-cell tropic retrovirus STLV-III   总被引：74，自引：0，他引：74  

N L Letvin  M D Daniel  P K Sehgal  R C Desrosiers  R D Hunt  L M Waldron  J J MacKey  D K Schmidt  L V Chalifoux  N W King 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1985,230(4721):71-73

The T-cell tropic retrovirus of macaque monkeys STLV-III has morphologic, growth, and antigenic properties indicating that it is related to HTLV-III/LAV, the etiologic agent of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in humans. Four of six rhesus monkeys died within 160 days of STLV-III inoculation with a wasting syndrome, opportunistic infections, a primary retroviral encephalitis, and immunologic abnormalities including a decrease in T4+ peripheral blood lymphocytes. These data show that an immunodeficiency syndrome can be produced experimentally in a nonhuman primate by an agent from the HTLV-III/LAV group of retroviruses. The STLV-III-macaque system will thus provide a useful model for the study of antiviral agents and vaccine development for human AIDS.  相似文献   

A global view of gene activity and alternative splicing by deep sequencing of the human transcriptome   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Sultan M  Schulz MH  Richard H  Magen A  Klingenhoff A  Scherf M  Seifert M  Borodina T  Soldatov A  Parkhomchuk D  Schmidt D  O'Keeffe S  Haas S  Vingron M  Lehrach H  Yaspo ML 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,321(5891):956-960

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