THE EFFECTS OF PATIENT POSITIONING AND SLICE SELECTION ON CANINE ACETABULAR ANGLE ASSESSMENT WITH COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY     

Sandy I. Wang  DVM    Kyle G. Mathews  DVM  MS    Ian D. Robertson  BVSc    Marty Stebbins  DVM  PhD    Brian J. Trumpatori  BS 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2005,46(1):39-43

Acetabular angles (AAs) and dorsal acetabular rim angles acquired by computed tomographic (CT) imaging have been used to assess patient response to juvenile pubic symphysiodesis surgery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of patient positioning and slice selection on these angles, and an attempt was made to devise a repeatable method of measuring these angles that would eliminate positioning effects. We found significant variation in AAs with small differences in pelvic tilt and slice selection. Dorsal acetabular rim angles were not affected. As a result of positioning differences from one CT study to the next, every attempt should be made to standardize pelvic tilt, or eliminate its effect on AAs by standardizing gantry angle in relation to an anatomic landmark that will not change over time. The floor of the sacral vertebral canal may be a reasonable landmark for this purpose and deserves further study.  相似文献   

Detection of the Defoliating Pathotype of Verticillium dahliae in Infected Olive Plants by Nested PCR   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Jesús Mercado-Blanco  Dolores Rodríguez-Jurado  Encarnación Pérez-Artés  Rafael M. Jiménez-Díaz 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2002,108(1):1-13

Spread of Verticillium wilt into newly established olive orchards in Andalucía, southern Spain, has caused concern in the olive industry in the region. This spread may result from use of Verticillium dahliae-infected planting material, which can extend distribution of the highly virulent, defoliating (D) pathotype of V. dahliae to new areas. In this study, a molecular diagnostic method for the early in planta detection of D V. dahliae was developed, aimed especially at nursery-produced olive plants. For this purpose, new primers for nested PCR were designed by sequencing a 992-bp RAPD marker of the D pathotype. The use of the specific primers and different nested-PCR protocols allowed the detection of V. dahliae pathotype D DNA in infected root and stem tissues of young olive plants. Detection of the pathogen was effective from the very earliest moments following inoculation of olive plants with a V. dahliae pathotype D conidia suspension as well as in inoculated, though symptomless, plants.  相似文献   

Diagnosis of Congenital Cardiac Right-to-left Shunts with ^99mTc-macroaggregated Albumin     

Federica Morandi  DVM  MS    Gregory B. Daniel  DVM  MS    Rebecca E. Gompf  DVM  MS    Anne Bahr  DVM  MS 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2004,45(2):97-102

Diagnosing right-to-left congenital cardiac shunts can be difficult. Cardiac catheterization and angiocardiography represent the traditional gold standard for diagnosis, but they are invasive. Nuclear scintigraphy using 99mTc-macroaggregated albumin (MAA) has been employed in humans as an alternate method of diagnosis. This study reviews eight dogs presented for evaluation of a suspect right-to-left cardiac shunt that were examined using 99mTc-MAA. In all, 2-4 mCi (74-148 MBq) of reduced particle 99mTc-MAA were injected IV in a cephalic vein and static images of the whole body, including right and left lateral, dorsal, and ventral views, were acquired for 60 s and stored into a 256 x 256 x 16 matrix. Shunt fractions were calculated. One dog with radiopharmaceutical distribution limited to the lungs did not have a shunt. Seven dogs had distribution of the radiopharmaceutical outside the pulmonary capillary bed, indicating bypassing of the pulmonary capillary circulation due to a right-to-left shunt. Four dogs had 99mTc-MAA within the brain. Three dogs that did not have brain uptake, but instead had a sharp cutoff of radioactivity at the level of the front limbs and neck, were diagnosed with reverse patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). The asymmetric distribution of the radiopharmaceutical is due to the location of the shunt, distal to the brachiocephalic trunk and left subclavian artery. Shunt fractions of dogs with extrapulmonary radioactivity ranged from 40% to 59%. Nuclear scintigraphy with 99mTc-MAA is a quick alternative method of diagnosing right-to-left cardiac shunts that permits quantification of shunt fraction. Distinguishing between reverse PDA and other right-to-left shunts may be possible based on the radiopharmaceutical distribution.  相似文献   

Computed tomography dacryocystography evaluation of the nasolacrimal apparatus     

S.G. Nykamp  DVM    P.V. Scrivani  DVM    A.P. Pease  DVM  MS 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2004,45(1):23-28

Computed tomography-dacryocystography (CT-DCG) was used to evaluate the nasolacrimal system in four patients (three dogs and one horse) that were admitted for evaluation of chronic epiphora, facial swelling, or facial trauma. The four patients are reviewed and the technique for performing CT-DCG is described. Additionally, the indications for this procedure are discussed. CT-DCG is advantageous because cross-sectional imaging provides superior resolution of the nasolacrimal apparatus and the relatively long, small-diameter, bony nasolacrimal canal in most veterinary patients.  相似文献   

Images from the 2003 Certification Examination of the American College of Veterinary Radiology: Abdomen Section     

Anne Bahr  DVM  MS 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2004,45(3):279-280

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Hypernatremia secondary to homemade play dough ingestion in dogs: a review of 14 cases from 1998 to 2001     

Julie M. Barr  BS    Safdar A. Khan  DVM  MS  PhD  DABVT    Sheila M. McCullough  DVM  MS  DACVIM    Petra A. Volmer  DVM  MS  DABVT  DABT 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2004,14(3):196-202

Objective: To correlate the sodium chloride dosage and the serum sodium concentration to clinical signs, to determine if the dosage of homemade play dough (and, therefore, sodium chloride) is the most reliable way to predict clinical signs and prognosis, and to review previously reported treatment options. Design: Retrospective case series. Animals: Fourteen dogs with a history of homemade play dough ingestion. Procedure: Cases were examined for each animal's signalment including body weight, age, approximate amount of play dough ingested, the estimated sodium chloride dosage, clinical signs, serum sodium concentration, and outcome when available. The literature was reviewed to determine pathophysiology and treatment regimens. Results: Twelve of 14 dogs (86%) that ingested homemade play dough showed clinical signs. Vomiting (9 of 14, 64%), polydipsia, and seizures (4 of 14 each, 29%) were the most common signs followed by polyuria, tremors (3 of 14 each, 21%), and hyperthermia (2 of 14, 14%). The lowest calculated dosage associated with objective clinical signs was 1.9 g/kg. Seizures were reported in all animals with serum sodium levels greater than 180 mEq/L. Conclusions and clinical relevance: Homemade play dough ingestion can be a serious and life‐threatening problem. Many factors can contribute to the toxicity of homemade play dough. This study indicates that the serum sodium concentration is a more reliable indicator of the clinical course of the toxicity rather than the amount of play dough and, therefore, the dosage of sodium chloride ingested. Treatment should be based on a clinical evaluation of the patient and laboratory results, and consists of controlling seizures, reducing serum sodium concentrations slowly, and supportive care.  相似文献   

Adherence of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 1 to swine buccal epithelial cells involves fibronectin          下载免费PDF全文

Roberto Hamer-Barrera  Delfino Godínez  V. Idalia Enríquez  Sergio Vaca-Pacheco  Rodrigo Martínez-Zú?iga  Patricia Talamás-Rohana  Francisco Suárez-Güemez    Mireya de la Garza 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2004,68(1):33-41

The swine pathogen Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 1 was investigated for its ability to adhere to swine, rat, and human buccal epithelial cells (BEC). The highest number of bacteria adhered was to swine BEC. This binding ability was affected by heating, extreme pH, treatment with sodium dodecyl sulfate, ethylenediamine tetraacetate, or periodate, and proteolysis, suggesting that cell-surface glycoproteins participate in adherence and that adherence is based mostly on ionic interactions. Mannose and swine fibronectin may play a direct role in this interaction. Convalescent-phase serum from naturally infected pigs inhibited the adhesion. There was a correlation between bacterial pathogenicity as well as host specificity and the capacity for adherence to swine BEC. Adhesion to swine BEC provides a convenient method to study in vitro the adherence of A. pleuropneumoniae and other pathogens of the pig respiratory tract.  相似文献   

Computed tomographic anatomy of the canine cervical vertebral venous system     

Marcelo Gómez  DVM    Larry Freeman  DVM  MS    Jeryl Jones  DVM  PhD    Otto Lanz  DVM    Pam Arnold 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2004,45(1):29-37

Computed tomographic (CT) venography of the cervical vertebral canal was performed in six, clinically normal, adult mixed-breed dogs from 14 to 23 kg. After dogs were euthanized and saline perfused, a gelatin and iothalamate mixture was injected into the right external jugular vein. Contiguous, 4-mm-thick CT images were obtained with dogs in sternal recumbency. Dogs were kept in the same position as for the CT scan and frozen to approximately -8 degrees C. All post-contrast CT images were analyzed using similar bone window and level settings. Additional multiplanar reformatted dorsal images were obtained in all dogs. The frozen cadavers were sectioned through the cervical region extending from the occiput to T1 at approximately 8-mm intervals. The frozen sections were then compared with the CT images. The CT appearance of the normal cervical vertebral venous system was described and illustrated. Components such as the internal vertebral venous plexus, interarcuate veins, intervertebral veins, and vertebral veins were clearly identified on the CT images.  相似文献   

In situ provision of drinking water to grazing dairy cows improves milk production     

MM Miglierina  N Bonadeo  AM Ornstein  D Becú-Villalobos 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2018,66(1):37-40

AIMS: To determine the effect of providing water within the area grazed by dairy cows on milk yield and quality, compared to requiring cows to walk to a distant water trough, on a dairy farm in the Pampa region of Argentina during summer.

METHODS: Holstein dairy cows were allocated to two herds with similar parity, days in milk and milk production. They were grazed in one paddock that was divided in two, with a fixed water trough at one end. Cows were moved twice daily to grazing plots within the paddock. Control cows (n=66) could only access water from the fixed trough, whereas supplemented cows (n=67) also received water from a mobile trough within the grazing plot. Milk production of each cow, and water consumption of the two herds were measured daily over 62 days. Milk composition for each herd was determined weekly from Days 18 to 60 of the study, and grazing behaviour was observed between 08:00 and 16:00 hours on Days 11–15, 19–22 and 39–43.

RESULTS: Over the 62 days of the study, supplemented cows produced 1.39 (SE 0.11) L/cow/day more milk than Control cows (p=0.027). Estimated mean daily water intake was 50.4 (SE 2.1) L/cow/day for supplemented cows and 58.2 (SE 2.7) L/cow/day for Control cows (p=0.004). Percentage total solids in milk was higher for supplemented (12.5 (SE 0.06)%) than Control (12.4 (SE 0.04)%) cows (p=0.047). During the periods of behavioural observation, a higher percentage of cows in the water supplemented than the Control herd were observed in the grazing area (p=0.012).

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This preliminary study demonstrated that provision of water to dairy cows within the grazing plot was beneficial for milk production and composition, and may be associated with longer periods spent within the grazing area, during hot weather in the Pampa region of Argentina.  相似文献   

Noise levels in veterinary operating rooms and factors that contribute to their variations          下载免费PDF全文

Josephine Dornbusch BS  James Colee MS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2018,47(5):678-682

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