Feeding high fibre diets changes luminal environment and morphology in the intestine of sows     

A. Serena  M.S. Hedemann  K.E. Bach Knudsen 《Livestock Science》2007,109(1-3):115-117

Sows were fed three diets varying in type and level of dietary fibre (DF). The low fibre diet (LF; 17% DF) was based on wheat and barley. In the two high DF diets (HF1, high in soluble DF and HF2, high in insoluble DF;  44% DF), the cereal part of the diet was substituted with different co-products (sugar beet pulp, potato pulp, pectin residue, pea hull, brewer's spent grain, and seed residue). The diets were fed for a four-week period to 12 sows (4 for each diet). Sows were stunned 4 h post-feeding, and digesta and tissue samples were collected from various parts of the small and large intestines. The carbohydrate load to the large intestine was 538–539 g/d when feeding the high DF diets and 190 g/d when feeding diet LF. Feeding sows the high DF diet containing large proportion of soluble DF resulted in a lower dry matter content of digesta (23 contra 28%), a higher tissue weight (2.9 contra 2.0 kg), and a higher crypt depth (492 contra 330 μm) and area (23,201 contra 15,751 μm²) in the colon compared with the low DF diet. In conclusion, increasing the amount of DF in the diet for sows resulted in an increased amount of digesta entering the large intestine which influences the functional properties of digesta. Furthermore, a high DF diet with a high proportion of soluble DF increases tissue weight, crypt depth and crypt area in the midcolon compared to a low fibre diet.  相似文献   

Radiofrequency catheter ablation of concealed accessory pathways in two dogs with symptomatic atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia     

Roberto A. Santilli DVM  Dipl ECVIM  Giammario Spadacini MD  Paolo Moretti MD  Manuela Perego DVM  Alberto Perini DVM  Alberto Tarducci DVM  Serena Crosara DVM  Jorge A. Salerno-Uriarte MD 《Journal of Veterinary Cardiology》2006,8(2):157-165

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Inducible Expression of a Phytolacca heterotepala Ribosome-Inactivating Protein Leads to Enhanced Resistance Against Major Fungal Pathogens in Tobacco     

Corrado G  Bovi PD  Ciliento R  Gaudio L  Di Maro A  Aceto S  Lorito M  Rao R 《Phytopathology》2005,95(2):206-215

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Supernumerary molar tooth in a horse     

Beard DM  Serena A 《Journal of veterinary dentistry》2004,21(3):164-165

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Protective effect of oral administration of transgenic tobacco seeds against verocytotoxic Escherichia coli strain in piglets     

Luciana Rossi  Vittorio Dell’Orto  Simona Vagni  Vittorio Sala  Serena Reggi  Antonella Baldi 《Veterinary research communications》2014,38(1):39-49

The use of transgenic plants as delivery system for antigenic proteins is attractive for its simplicity and increases likelihood for local immune response at sites of infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of oral administration of tobacco seeds, expressing the FedA, the major protein of the F18 adhesive fimbriae, and B subunit of verocytotoxin, against verocytotoxin-producing E. coli (VTEC) strain in piglets. Forty-three early weaned piglets, were randomly divided into 4 experimental groups: 3 test groups and a control. Treatment groups orally received a bolus, with different dose of tobacco seeds on 0, 1, 2, 14 days post primary administration. After challenge, with 1*10¹⁰ CFU of O138 Escherichia coli strain, piglets showed clinical scores significantly higher in the control group compared to orally immunized groups (P?<?0.05) and the latter showed a faster recovery than in CG. In conclusion, oral administration of recombinant tobacco seeds expressing antigenic proteins against VTEC strains can induce a protective effect against challenger strain in piglets.  相似文献   

A molecular elevator     

Badjic JD  Balzani V  Credi A  Silvi S  Stoddart JF 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,303(5665):1845-1849

We report the incrementally staged design, synthesis, characterization, and operation of a molecular machine that behaves like a nanoscale elevator. The operation of this device, which is made of a platformlike component interlocked with a trifurcated riglike component and is only 3.5 nanometers by 2.5 nanometers in size, relies on the integration of several structural and functional molecular subunits. This molecular elevator is considerably more complex and better organized than previously reported artificial molecular machines. It exhibits a clear-cut on-off reversible behavior, and it could develop forces up to around 200 piconewtons.  相似文献   

Water balances and evapotranspiration in water- and dry-seeded rice systems     

Bruce Linquist  Richard Snyder  Frank Anderson  Luis Espino  Guglielmo Inglese  Serena Marras  Ruben Moratiel  Randall Mutters  Placido Nicolosi  Honza Rejmanek  Alfonso Russo  Tom Shapland  Zhenwei Song  Atef Swelam  Gwen Tindula  Jim Hill 《Irrigation Science》2015,33(5):375-385

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Phylogenetic analysis of Suid Herpesvirus 1 isolates from Argentina     

Serena MS  Metz GE  Mórtola EC  Echeverría MG 《Veterinary microbiology》2011,154(1-2):78-85

Argentinean Suid Herpesvirus 1 isolates were compared with reference strains and sequences available at GenBank and phylogenetically analyzed. A short fragment of the gE gene of the immunodominant epitopes was used for preliminary grouping of isolates by phylogenetic analysis. The analysis of the partial gC gene provided more precise genetic typing and segregation into the main genotypes I and II. Results confirmed that the Argentinean genotype I isolates predominate in our country. The topology of the partial gC gene was similar to that previously reported. The Argentinean type I isolates belonged to one cluster and grouped together with NIA-3 and American and Brazilian genotype I strains. However, the results obtained by the algorithms allow inferring that the Yamagata S-81 and Mer (genotype II) strains are grouped together.  相似文献   

Relationship between the oil and sugar content in olive oil fruits from Moraiolo and Leccino cultivars during ripening     

Marzia Migliorini  Chiara Cherubini  Marco Mugelli  Giacomo Gianni  Serena Trapani  Bruno Zanoni 《Scientia Horticulturae》2011

In our previous work (Cherubini et al., 2009), sugar concentration was proposed as an accurate, reproducible index for technological ripening of olive oil fruits. During 2009 crop season, sugar and oil content of olive oil fruits from Moraiolo and Leccino cultivars were measured during ripening. The sugar content of olive oil fruits was determined both by titration and by using a portable refractometer.  相似文献   

Using energy balance data for assessing evapotranspiration and crop coefficients in a Mediterranean vineyard     

Serena Marras  Francesca Achenza  Richard L. Snyder  Pierpaolo Duce  Donatella Spano  Costantino Sirca 《Irrigation Science》2016,34(5):397-408

Improving water use efficiency is a key element of water management in irrigated viticulture, especially in arid or semi-arid areas. In this study, the micrometeorological technique “Eddy Covariance” was used to directly quantify the crop evapotranspiration (ET) and to analyze the complex relationships between evapotranspiration, energy fluxes, and meteorological conditions. Both observed Direct measurements (DIR) of latent heat flux (LE) and observed from the residual of the energy balance (REB) equation were used for crop evapotranspiration calculations. Observed crop coefficients (K _cms) were then determined using the standardized reference evapotranspiration (ET_o) equation for short canopies. In addition, linear approximations from observations were used to model the seasonal trend lines for crop coefficients and K _cs values were parameterized by first identifying the beginning and end of each growth stage. The modeled K _cs values were used to predict daily ET from ET_o measurements and compared with values from literature. The daily observed DIR ET values (ET_do) were lower than REB ET (ET_ro) during periods with precipitation, but they were similar during dry periods, which implies that energy balance closure is better when the surface is drier. Comparisons between modeled ET and crop ET estimated using K _c values from best agreement was observed between the modeled REB and FAO 56 and the local K _c values provided by the Regional Agency ARPAS showed good agreement with observed ET (from DIR and REB data) than the FAO 56 ones. The study confirmed that the availability of locally driven K _c could be relevant to quantify the crop water requirement and represents the starting point for a sustainable management of water resources.  相似文献