Chronic phalaris toxicity in eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus)     

B Bacci  PL Whiteley  M Barrow  PH Phillips  J Dalziel  CM El‐Hage 《Australian veterinary journal》2014,92(12):504-508

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Impact of Probing the Reproductive Tract During Early Pregnancy on Fertility of Beef Cows     

G Pugliesi  SC Scolari  FS Mesquita  M Maturana Filho  ER Araújo  D Cardoso  JN Sales  I Martin  M Sá Filho  CM Bertan  M Binelli 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(4):e35-e39

This short communication reports the impact of endometrial biopsies, uterine flushings and follicular fluid aspiration procedures at day 6 post artificial insemination (AI) on pregnancy rates. In Experiment 1, cows were timed AI (TAI) and assigned to the following treatment groups: control (n = 37), uterine flushing (n = 35) and endometrial biopsy (n = 38). On day 30 post AI, pregnancy rates were 40.5%, 33% and 28.5%, respectively (p > 0.1). Pregnancy rate on day 60 was lower (p < 0.004) in flushed cows than in the controls. In Experiment 2, oestrus was detected and cows were assigned to flushing (n = 32) or biopsy (n = 33) treatments 6 days after AI, which resulted in pregnancy rates of 31% and 36%, respectively (p > 0.1). In Experiment 3, cows were, 6 days after TAI, randomly assigned to the following treatments: control (n = 84) or aspiration of the largest follicle (n = 73). Pregnancy rates on day 30 post AI were 63.5% for the control group and 53% for the aspirated group (p > 0.1). In conclusion, uterine flushing and endometrial biopsy negatively affect pregnancy rates, but neither procedure can be considered to be incompatible with pregnancy maintenance. Follicular aspiration during pregnancy does not interact with pregnancy success. The amount and quality of samples obtained are compatible with the use of cellular and molecular analysis of uterine variables from cows that failed or succeeded on maintaining pregnancy.  相似文献   

Effect of Overnight Staining on the Quality of Flow Cytometric Sorted Stallion Sperm: Comparison with Tradtitional Protocols     

CM Balao da Silva  C Ortega Ferrusola  JM Gallardo Bolaños  M Plaza Dávila  P Martín‐Muñoz  JM Morrell  H Rodriguez Martínez  FJ Peña 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(6):1021-1027

Flow cytometry is considered the only reliable method for the separation of X and Y chromosome bearing spermatozoa in equines. The MoFlo SX DP sorter is highly efficient, allowing the production of foals of the desired sex. However, to achieve acceptable pregnancy rates the currently used protocol requires working with fresh semen obtained close to, or at, the sorting facility. An alternative protocol was tested during two consecutive breeding seasons. Fresh stallion semen was cooled for 20 h, during which staining with Hoechst 33342 took place. On the following day, this sample was flow sorted and compared with spermatozoa from the same ejaculate that had been sexed on the previous day. All sperm parameters evaluated remained unchanged when fresh sorted and refrigerated sorted semen were compared. Pre‐sorting storage at 5°C did not alter sperm velocities nor kinetics, viability or membrane permeability, production of reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial membrane potential or DNA fragmentation index of the sorted sample. The findings open for the possibility of using semen from stallions housed far from the sorting facilities. Processed and stained sperm could be shipped refrigerated on the previous day, sorted and inseminated on the next day.  相似文献   

Histopathological,Immunohistochemical, Lectinhistochemical and Molecular Findings in Spontaneous Bovine Abortions by Campylobacter fetus     

EL Morrell  CG Barbeito  CA Odeón  EJ Gimeno  CM Campero 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2011,46(2):309-315

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An ethogram of post-anesthetic recovery behaviors in horses: comparison of pre- and post-anesthetic behaviors     

LM Seibert  V Parthasarathy  CM Trim  SL Crowell-Davis 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2003,30(2):112-112

Pain management is an important post-operative concern. Pain scales may rely on the observer's subjective assessment of the level of discomfort and may not correlate with physiologic or pharmacologic measures of pain. The purpose of this study was to develop an objective measure of behavior in healthy pain-free horses recovering from anesthesia that could be used for comparison with the behavior of horses recovering from a surgical procedure.
Focal sampling with videotape and observation was done on five healthy horses before anesthesia to establish baselines. Behavioral measures included head turns, tail swishes, eyelid aperture/size, ear position, angle of neck, weight shifts, and ambulation. Physiologic measures included heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature. The horses were anesthetized for 2 hours with isoflurane, and in the recovery stall, data were collected continuously on videotape from the time of extubation to standing. Focal sampling of 15 minutes was repeated at 1, 2, 4, and 24 hours after the horses returned to their stalls. Video data were analyzed using the Noldus Observer Video Analysis System.
A wide variation in behavior was observed between horses in the recovery stall. Observations at 1, 2, and 4 hours revealed change from the up/forward ear position to the down ear position, and a decrease in weight bearing of the hind limb from a baseline of 11–12 minutes out of 15 minutes to 7–9 minutes with an increase in toe pointing. Time spent standing was similar to baseline of 93.8%, and the neck angle was not changed from baseline of 173.5°. Values had returned to baseline at 24 hours.
Changes in behavior were induced by anesthesia alone and must be taken into consideration when evaluating analgesic treatments.  相似文献   

Detection of Tritrichomonas foetus antigens in formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded sections by the peroxidase antiperoxidase technique     

CM CAMPERO  PW LADDS  RG HIRST  JA VAUGHAN  DE EMERY 《Australian veterinary journal》1989,66(8):264-266

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Evolution of a course in veterinary clinical pathology: the application of case-based writing assignments to focus on skill development and facilitation of learning     

Sharkey L  Overmann J  Flash P 《Journal of veterinary medical education》2007,34(4):423-430

RATIONALE FOR STUDY: To encourage application and critical thinking, case-based writing assignments and grading rubrics were developed for use in a second-year core clinical pathology course. Objectives were to describe how this teaching technique was adapted to a large-class setting and how student perceptions of the learning experience guided modifications of this teaching technique over two presentations of the course and plans for a third presentation. Our goal was to enhance learning by encouraging application of course material to clinical situations and thereby improve students' ability to organize and communicate information. Furthermore, we evaluated the influence of instructor feedback on the learning process. METHODS: With assistance from the University of Minnesota Center for Writing, assignments and grading rubrics were developed. Students completed course evaluation surveys designed to elicit feedback on the impact of the assignments. RESULTS: Increased learner confidence was reflected in larger self-reported increases in understanding of the material and ability to apply information and in increased feelings of preparedness for class and examinations. A large majority of students advocated the use of such assignments in the course in future years, and modifications to make grading and evaluation of assignments more efficient are underway. CONCLUSIONS: Investment of faculty and student time in case-based writing assignments in the veterinary clinical pathology curriculum appears to increase student engagement with material and learner confidence. Future studies should address the impact of this type of assignment more specifically on clinical reasoning and communication skills and on long-term retention of material.  相似文献   

Effects of a single injection of methylprednisolone acetate on serum biochemical parameters in 11 cats     

Sharkey LC  Ployngam T  Tobias AH  Torres SM 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2007,36(2):184-187

BACKGROUND: Therapeutic use of corticosteroids has been implicated in a variety of serum biochemical abnormalities in dogs; however, the effects in cats are less well characterized. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this brief communication is to report serum biochemical changes in response to methylprednisolone acetate (MPA) in adult cats. METHODS: Serum biochemical profiles were performed on 11 cats with dermatologic diseases at baseline, 3-6 days, and 16-24 days after a single intramuscular dose of 5 mg/kg MPA. RESULTS: Median serum albumin and bicarbonate concentrations and amylase activity were increased compared to baseline at both post-treatment time points; aspartate aminotransferase activity and magnesium concentration were increased at 3-6 days post-treatment only; and alkaline phosphatase activity and total calcium concentration were increased at 16-24 days post-treatment only. Median serum creatinine concentration was decreased compared to baseline at both post-treatment time points. Examination of data from individual cats revealed significant variability in serum biochemical changes in response to MPA. No adverse clinical reactions to the drug were reported. CONCLUSIONS: A single dose of MPA results in significant changes in some serum biochemical values in cats, although individual responses will vary.  相似文献   

Quantification of transmission of foot-and-mouth disease virus caused by an environment contaminated with secretions and excretions from infected calves     

Carla Bravo de Rueda  Mart CM de Jong  Phaedra L Eblé  Aldo Dekker 《Veterinary research》2015,46(1)

Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) infected animals can contaminate the environment with their secretions and excretions. To quantify the contribution of a contaminated environment to the transmission of FMDV, this study used calves that were not vaccinated and calves that were vaccinated 1 week prior to inoculation with the virus in direct and indirect contact experiments. In direct contact experiments, contact calves were exposed to inoculated calves in the same room. In indirect contact experiments, contact calves were housed in rooms that previously had held inoculated calves for three days (either from 0 to 3 or from 3 to 6 days post inoculation). Secretions and excretions from all calves were tested for the presence of FMDV by virus isolation; the results were used to quantify FMDV transmission. This was done using a generalized linear model based on a 2 route (2R, i.e. direct contact and environment) SIR model that included information on FMDV survival in the environment. The study shows that roughly 44% of transmission occurs via the environment, as indicated by the reproduction ratio R^02Renvironment that equalled 2.0, whereas the sum of R^02Rcontact and R^02Renvironment equalled 4.6. Because vaccination 1 week prior to inoculation of the calves conferred protective immunity against FMDV infection, no transmission rate parameters could be estimated from the experiments with vaccinated calves. We conclude that a contaminated environment contributes considerably to the transmission of FMDV therefore that hygiene measures can play a crucial role in FMD control.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13567-015-0156-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.  相似文献   

Cholelithiasis and hyperthyroidism in a cat     

CM Elwood  RN White  K Freeman  M White 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2001,3(4):247-252

A 14-year-old domestic short-hair cat presented with a history of intermittent malaise and increased drinking. A diagnosis of hyperthyroidism and cholelithiasis was made by a combination of blood testing, radiography and ultrasonography. After medical management of hyperthyroidism, thyroidectomy and cholecystectomy were successfully performed. Removed choleliths were comprised of calcium carbonate and bilirubinate. Histopathological analysis of tissue suggested low grade pancreatic and hepatobiliary disease, as well as hyperthyroidism, might have contributed to stone formation.  相似文献