Infections of the subcutis and skin of dogs caused by rapidly growing mycobacteria     

Malik R  Shaw SE  Griffin C  Stanley B  Burrows AK  Bryden SL  Titmarsh J  Stutsel MJ  Carter SA  Warner A  Martin P  Wigney DI  Gilpin C 《The Journal of small animal practice》2004,45(10):485-494

Nine dogs with panniculitis due to rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) were examined over 17 years. Dogs were two to 15 years; five were male, four were female. All were obese or in good condition. Antecedent injury, typically a dog bite or vehicular trauma, could be identified in some patients, while one bitch had hyperadrenocorticism. Infections involved different locations, although the cervicothoracic region, dorsum or flank were most often affected. Patients were systemically well, apart from one dog with pyrexia and two with pain or lameness. Cytology demonstrated pyogranulomatous inflammation, but in only one case was it possible to see acid-fast bacilli (AFB) in smears. Histology demonstrated chronic active pyogranulomatous panniculitis and dermatitis; AFB could be detected in only four specimens. Culture of aspirates or resected tissues demonstrated RGM in all cases, comprising six Mycobacterium smegmatis group and three Mycobacterium fortuitum group isolates. Resection of infected tissues, perioperative injectable antimicrobials and long courses of oral antimicrobials chosen according to susceptibility data generally effected a cure, although some cases recurred.  相似文献   

Impact of supplement withdrawal and wheat middling inclusion on bone metabolism, bone strength, and the incidence of bone fractures occurring at slaughter in pigs     

Shaw DT  Rozeboom DW  Hill GM  Orth MW  Rosenstein DS  Link JE 《Journal of animal science》2006,84(5):1138-1146

The objective of this study was to determine if supplement withdrawal (omission of dietary vitamin and trace mineral premixes and 2/3 of inorganic P) 28-d preslaughter and the feeding of wheat middlings (dietary concentrations of 5, 15, or 30% from weaning to 16 kg, 16 to 28 kg, and 28 kg to slaughter, respectively) affect bone metabolism, bone strength, bone density, and the incidence of bone fractures at slaughter in pigs. Crossbred barrows (n = 64) were assigned to a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments (with or without supplement withdrawal, and with or without wheat middlings). Serum was collected on d 0, 14, and 27 of the preslaughter withdrawal period to determine changes in the concentrations of osteocalcin, an indicator of bone formation, and pyridinoline, an indicator of bone resorption. The serum osteocalcin and pyridinoline concentrations on d 14 and 27 were analyzed as change from the d-0 concentration. At slaughter, radiographs of the lumbar vertebrae and of the right and left femurs were taken to determine the incidence of bone fractures. Third metacarpal bones were analyzed for bone mineral density, peak load, ultimate shear stress, and percent ash. Supplement withdrawal increased (P < 0.05) serum osteocalcin and pyridinoline concentrations, indicating an increase in osteoblast activity and bone resorption. Supplement withdrawal decreased (P < 0.01) bone mineral density, peak load, ultimate shear stress, and percent ash of the metacarpal bones. Dietary wheat middling inclusion did not alter bone quality. Neither supplement withdrawal nor wheat middling inclusion affected the incidence of bone fractures at slaughter. The results of this study indicate that removing inorganic P, vitamin premix, and trace mineral premix for 28 d preslaughter increases bone turnover and decreases bone quality.  相似文献   

Gene cloning, expression, and biochemical characterization of a recombinant trehalose synthase from Picrophilus torridus in Escherichia coli     

Chen YS  Lee GC  Shaw JF 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(19):7098-7104

A trehalose synthase (TSase) gene from a hyperacidophilic, thermophilic archaea, Picrophilus torridus, was synthesized using overlap extension PCR and transformed into Escherichia coli for expression. The purified recombinant P. torridus TSase (PTTS) showed an optimum pH and temperature of 6.0 and 45 degrees C, respectively, and the enzyme maintained high activity at pH 5.0 and 60 degrees C. Kinetic analysis showed that the enzyme has a 2.5-fold higher catalytic efficiency (k(cat)/K(M)) for maltose than for trehalose, indicating maltose as the preferred substrate. The maximum conversion rate of maltose into trehalose by the enzyme was independent of the substrate concentration, tended to increase at lower temperatures, and reached approximately 71% at 20 degrees C. Enzyme activity was inhibited by Hg2+, Al3+, and SDS. Five amino acid residues that are important for alpha-amylase family enzyme catalysis were shown to be conserved in PTTS (Asp203, Glu245, Asp311, His106, and His310) and required for its activity, suggesting this enzyme might employ a similar hydrolysis mechanism.  相似文献   

Fatal babesiosis in an untravelled British dog     

Holm LP  Kerr MG  Trees AJ  McGarry JW  Munro ER  Shaw SE 《The Veterinary record》2006,159(6):179-180

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Foot-and-mouth disease virus: a first inter-laboratory comparison trial to evaluate virus isolation and RT-PCR detection methods     

Ferris NP  King DP  Reid SM  Hutchings GH  Shaw AE  Paton DJ  Goris N  Haas B  Hoffmann B  Brocchi E  Bugnetti M  Dekker A  De Clercq K 《Veterinary microbiology》2006,117(2-4):130-140

Five European reference laboratories participated in an exercise to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of their routinely employed RT-PCR tests and cell cultures for the detection and isolation of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus. Five identical sets of 20 coded samples were prepared from 10 vesicular epithelia, which were derived from submissions from suspect cases of FMD or swine vesicular disease (SVD). Sixteen samples were derived from six FMD virus positive epithelia representing four different serotypes (two each of types O and A and one each of types Asia 1 and SAT 2), two from samples which had been found to be negative by antigen ELISA and virus isolation (VI) in cell culture and two from SVD virus positive epithelia. Some of the FMD virus positive samples were prepared from 10-fold serial dilutions of three of the initial suspensions. Each laboratory tested the samples by one or more of its available RT-PCR procedures and inoculated cell cultures that it routinely uses for FMD diagnosis in attempts to isolate virus, the specificity of which was confirmed by antigen ELISA. The best of the RT-PCR assays used in each laboratory gave comparable results while the sensitivity of cell cultures was variable from high in one laboratory, moderate in two and low in two others. This prototype panel of samples would appear suitable for external quality assurance of these tests but would benefit from the inclusion of more negative samples and an extension in the serial dilution range of one or more of the FMD positive sample titration series.  相似文献   

IBI* series winner. Learning biology by recreating and extending mathematical models     

Chiel HJ  Gill JP  McManus JM  Shaw KM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,336(6084):993-994

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Seizures and severe nutrient deficiencies in a puppy fed a homemade diet     

D Hutchinson  LM Freeman  R McCarthy  J Anastasio  SP Shaw  J Sutherland-Smith 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2012,241(4):477-483

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Heavyweight science     

Shaw M 《The Veterinary record》2012,170(9):236

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A Collaborative Program to Provide Native Plant Materials for the Great Basin     

Nancy Shaw  Mike Pellant  Matthew Fisk  Erin Denney 《Herpetological Monographs》2012,34(4):11-16

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Relationship between susceptibility of Blackface sheep to Teladorsagia circumcincta infection and an inflammatory mucosal T cell response     

Anton G Gossner  Virginia M Venturina  Darren J Shaw  Josephine M Pemberton  John Hopkins 《Veterinary research》2012,43(1):26

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