Partial Right Ventriculectomy Using the Incised Patch Technique to Treat Double Chambered Right Ventricle and Chylothorax in a Cat     

DANIEL J. BROCKMAN  BVSc Diplomate ACVS & ECVS    KATE E. BORER  BVSc Cert VA  Diplomate ECVA    STEPHEN J. BAINES  MA Vet MB PhD Diplomate ECVS    DEZ HUGHES  BVSc  Diplomate ACVECC    VIRGINIA LUIS FUENTES  MA Vet MB PhD Diplomate ACVIM 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2009,38(5):631-635

Objective— To report successful surgical treatment of double chambered right ventricle (DCRV) in a cat.
Study Design— Clinical report.
Animals— Cat with DCRV.
Methods— DCRV was diagnosed in a 5-month-old male Maine Coon cat using echocardiography and angiocardiography. At 2 years, despite medical therapy, chylothorax developed. A section of the right ventricular free wall that spanned the fibromuscular obstruction was excised under total venous inflow occlusion (TVIO) using the incised pericardial patch technique.
Results— Short-term recovery was complicated by return of chylothorax but this resolved after thoracocentesis and diuretic therapy. Three years after surgery, the cat is free of clinical signs and no longer on any medical therapy.
Conclusions— Partial right ventriculectomy can be performed under TVIO through an incised pericardial patch.
Clinical Relevance— DCRV in cat can be successfully treated by partial right ventriculectomy performed under TVIO through an incised pericardial patch.  相似文献   

Indicators of piglet survival in an outdoor farrowing system   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Emma M. Baxter  Susan Jarvis  Lorna Sherwood  Sheena K. Robson  Elisabeth Ormandy  Marianne Farish  Kathleen M. Smurthwaite  Rainer Roehe  Alistair B. Lawrence  Sandra A. Edwards 《Livestock Science》2009,124(1-3):266-276

Pre-weaning piglet mortality continues to be a major welfare and economic concern. In outdoor farrowing systems, there is a particular need to broaden breeding goals by incorporating selection for piglet survival to improve both productivity and welfare. This study aimed to identify behavioural and physiological survival indicators that are influential in outdoor systems and that could provide additional information for use when selecting for piglet survival. Data were collected from 511 piglets from Large White × Landrace × Duroc sows and Generalised Linear Mixed Models determined which indicators were most important for piglet survival in an outdoor system. With respect to prenatal mortality (surviving vs. stillborn piglets) high ponderal index (P < 0.001) or body mass index (P < 0.001) in conjunction with being born earlier in the farrowing birth order (P < 0.001) were the most important survival indicators. Birth weight (P < 0.001) and rectal temperature 1 h after birth (P = 0.032) were the most significant postnatal survival indicators. However survival indicators identified as important in indoor, conventional farrowing crates, such as landmark behaviours (latency to reach the udder, a teat and to suckle colostrum), were not influential in this system. These results highlight the importance of studying potential indicators of survival in alternative farrowing systems to the farrowing crate.  相似文献   

Sherwood Boehlert interview. Explaining science to power: make it simple, make it pay. Interview by Jeffrey Mervis     

Boehlert S 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,314(5803):1228-1229

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Characterization of integron mediated antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella isolated from diseased swine   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

David G. White  Shaohua Zhao  Patrick F. McDermott  Sherry Ayers  Sharon Friedman  Julie Sherwood  Missy Breider-Foley    Lisa K. Nolan 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2003,67(1):39-47

Forty-two Salmonella isolates obtained from diseased swine were genetically characterized for the presence of specific antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. Twenty of these isolates were characterized as S. Typhimurium DT104 strains. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was used to determine genetic relatedness and revealed 20 distinct genetic patterns among the 42 isolates. However, all DT104 isolates fell within 2 closely related genetic clusters. Other Salmonella isolates were genetically grouped together according to serotype. All DT104 isolates displayed the penta-resistance phenotype to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, and tetracycline. Resistance to sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, streptomycin, kanamycin, and ampicillin was most common among the non-DT104 Salmonella isolates. All DT104 strains contained 2 chromosomal integrons of 1000 and 1200 base pairs. The DNA sequencing revealed that the 2 integrons contained genes encoding a resistance to streptomycin and ampicillin, respectively. None of the non-DT104 strains showed the same pattern, although several strains possessed integrons of 1000 base pairs or larger. However, the majority of non-DT104 Salmonella strains did not possess any integrons. Two Salmonella isolates displayed tolerance to the organic solvent cyclohexane, indicating the possibility that they are overexpressing chromosomal regulatory genes marA or soxS or the associated multidrug efflux pump, acrAB. This research suggests that integrons contribute to antimicrobial resistance among specific swine Salmonella serotypes; however, they are not as widely disseminated among non-Typhimurium swine Salmonella serotypes as previously thought.  相似文献   

Little things mean a lot: Working with Central American farmers to address the mystery of plant disease   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Stephen G. Sherwood 《Agriculture and Human Values》1997,14(2):181-189

Cornell University and Zamorano (ThePanamerican School of Agriculture) facilitatedworkshops that provided Honduran and Nicaraguanfarmers new experience with plant diseases and helpedfarmers assimilate information and identify diseasemanagement alternatives. After learning about thebiology of plant diseases, farmers were able toidentify disease problems in their field, enablingthem to use pesticides more selectively. Furthermore,participants of seven courses conceived 273 pathogen-specificmanagement alternatives, and they identifiedon average 66 percent of the common recommendations by plantpathologists for the control of general disease types.Many ideas were novel and may represent newopportunities for improving the practice of diseasemanagement.  相似文献   

RELATIONSHIP AMONG BASILAR ARTERY RESISTANCE INDEX, DEGREE OF VENTRICULOMEGALY, AND CLINICAL SIGNS IN HYDROCEPHALIC DOGS     

Miyoko  Saito  DVM  Natasha J.  Olby  Vet MB  PhD  Kathy  Spaulding  DVM Karen  Mu&#;ana  DVM  MS  Nicholas J.H.  Sharp  BVM  PhD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2003,44(6):687-694

Forty-four transcranial Doppler ultrasound studies were performed in 36 dogs. The ratio of the height of the ventricle to the height of the brain (VB ratio) was calculated to determine the severity of ventriculomegaly. Resistance index (RI) was calculated from Doppler measurements of the blood flow velocity in the basilar artery and neurologic signs were scored on a scale of 0 to 3. Based on clinical and ultrasonographic findings, dogs were divided into four groups (normal controls, asymptomatic hydrocephalus, symptomatic hydrocephalus, and other intracranial disease). RI and VB ratio were compared between the groups of dogs and compared with neurologic signs in hydrocephalic dogs. RI ranged from 0.50 to 0.81 (mean, 0.68). Resistance index was significantly higher in dogs with symptomatic hydrocephalus and other intracranial disease when compared with the other two groups. The degree of ventriculomegaly was significantly higher in dogs with symptomatic hydrocephalus than the other groups, but there was substantial overlap between asymptomatic and symptomatic hydrocephalus groups. Combining measurements of VB ratio and RI allowed detection of symptomatic hydrocephalus with a sensitivity of 77% and a specificity of 94%. The severity of neurological signs was significantly correlated with RI and with VB ratio in hydrocephalic dogs, and in dogs evaluated on more than one occasion, changes in neurologic status were accompanied by changes in RI but not in VB ratio. All asymptomatic hydrocephalic dogs with a VB ratio of greater than 60% eventually developed neurologic signs. Our results suggest that ultrasonographic measurement of VB ratio and basilar artery RI may allow identification of dogs with symptomatic hydrocephalus or dogs that are at risk of developing symptomatic hydrocephalus. Repeated RI measurements are a useful means of monitoring dogs with a variety of intracranial diseases.  相似文献   

Comparison of diazepam–ketamine and thiopentone for induction of anaesthesia in healthy dogs     

Kate L White MA  Vet MB  Cert VA    Katy Shelton BA  Vet MB    Polly M Taylor MA  Vet MB  PhD  DVA  DipECVA 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2001,28(1):42-48

Objective To compare the anaesthetic and cardiopulmonary effects of a diazepam–ketamine combination with thiopentone for induction of anaesthesia in dogs. Animal population Twenty healthy dogs of various breeds weighing between 3.8 and 42.6 kg undergoing major orthopaedic or soft tissue surgery. Materials and methods Pre‐anaesthetic medication in all cases was intramuscular acepromazine and methadone given 30 minutes before induction of anaesthesia. Each animal was then randomly assigned to receive either thiopentone or diazepam and ketamine. Quality of conditions for, and time to tracheal intubation were recorded. Anaesthesia was maintained with halothane in oxygen and nitrous oxide. Heart rate, respiratory rate, systolic blood pressure, end tidal carbon dioxide tensions and oxygen saturation were recorded at 10 minute intervals throughout surgery. The quality of recovery from anaesthesia was assessed. Results The quality of induction in both groups was satisfactory. The total mean time (± SD) to tracheal intubation (162 ± 84 seconds) was significantly longer in dogs receiving diazepam and ketamine compared to dogs receiving thiopentone (62 ± 28 seconds). Heart rate, systolic blood pressure and end tidal carbon dioxide concentration were not significantly different between groups. Respiratory rate was significantly higher in the diazepam–ketamine group between 0 and 30 minutes. The quality of recovery was similar in each group. Conclusions There appear to be fewer differences between the induction agents examined in this study than was previously believed. No pressor, or other cardiovascular stimulating effects were detected in the dogs that received diazepam and ketamine. Clinical relevance The absence of obvious differences between groups suggests that pre‐anaesthetic medication, inhaled anaesthetics and the physiological effects of surgery itself probably had a greater effect on the variables studied than the induction agent used. Further studies are required to determine whether diazepam and ketamine offers significant advantages over other induction agents in the unhealthy dog.  相似文献   

International Symposium on Podotrochlosis Dortmund, Germany October 2–3, 1993.     

Carl Kirker Head  MA  Vet MB.  MRCVS 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》1993,13(12):679-681

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Acute Necrotizing Pancreatitis and Acute Suppurative Pancreatitis in the Cat   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Richard C. Hill MA  Vet MB  MRCVS  Thomas J. Van  Winkle VMD 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1993,7(1):25-33

Medical records and histologic sections of 40 cats with acute pancreatitis were reviewed. Two distinct groups of cats with pancreatitis were established by histologic analysis of tissue. Group I (32 cats) had acute pancreatic necrosis (APN). Group 2 (8 cats) had suppurative pancreatitis. Ages of affected cats ranged from 3 weeks to 16 years. l h e majority consisted of indoor cats of the Domestic Short-Haired breed but Siamese cats were over-represented relative to the general population ( P > 0.05). Twenty-two percent of cats were obese and 57%were underweight. Thirty-eight percent of cats had acute disease. In the other cats, two stages in the progression of the disease were evident: (1) anorexia. weight loss, and lethargy, followed by (2) acute deterioration, development of shock, and a moribund state, despite fluid therapy. The most common clinical signs were severe lethargy (100%), reduced appetite (97%), dehydration (92%), and hypothermia (68%). The initial hemogram occasionally showed a neutrophilia (30%) and anemia (2670)but packed cell volume (PCV) decreased markedly to the extent that 555% of cats were anemic terminally. Serum biochemical abnormalities included increased activities of A1, T (68%) and ALP (50%). and increased conrentrations of bilirubin (64%) and cholesterol (64%).Cats with APN were hyperglycemic (64%)), glycosuric (60%) and ketonuric (20%), whereas cats with suppurative pancreatitis tended to be hypoglycemic (7%). Renal failure and electrolyte abnormalities were mild or infrequent escept for hypokalemia (56%)).This study characterizes a severe necrotizing pancreatitis in the cat similar to that reported in other species, and a histologically distinct suppurative pancreatitis.  相似文献   

Effect of Melatonin Implantation to Sperm Donor Rams on Post-thaw Viability and Acrosomal Integrity of Sperm Cells in the Breeding and Non-breeding Season     

A Kaya  M Aksoy  N Basp&#;nar  C Y&#;ld&#;z  & MB Ataman 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2001,36(3-4):211-215

The influence of melatonin administration to sperm donors on the freezability of ram semen and enzyme leakage through sperm cells during different steps of the cryopreservation process were evaluated in the breeding and non-breeding season. Melatonin implantation to rams in the breeding season improved post-thaw sperm viability and intact acrosome rates without influencing the motility rate (p   < 0.05). Likewise, the post-thaw alkaline phosphatase release through sperm cells was significantly lower in the melatonin-treated group in comparison with untreated controls (p   < 0.05). In the non-breeding season, melatonin administration enhanced intact acrosome rates (p   < 0.05) and reduced aspartate aminotransferase activity (p   < 0.05) post-thaw in the offseason ejaculates. Melatonin implantation twice in the breeding and non-breeding season did not produce any further improvement in the post-thaw sperm parameters in the non-breeding season ejaculates. It was concluded that melatonin administration to sperm donors improved freezability of ram semen collected from these rams and reduced enzyme leakage through sperm cells during cryopreservation.  相似文献